scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extracts of selected medicinal plants on germination of windgrass [Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.] and lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Synowiec ◽  
Adriana Nowicka-Połeć
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

The study aimed to determine the effect of aqueous extracts of medicinal plants (<em>Matricaria chamomilla</em>, <em>Hypericum perforatum</em>, <em>Achillea millefolium</em>, and <em>Urtica dioica</em>) containing allelopathic compounds on seed germination in lambsquarters (<em>Chenopodium album</em>) and herbicide-resistant windgrass (<em>Apera spica-venti</em>). A Petri-dish experiment was carried out, in which the effects of five concentrations of aqueous extracts on the germination of weeds were assessed for 10 consecutive days. It was found that the dynamics of seed germination are closely related to the type and concentration of aqueous extract of medicinal plants. The 8% <em>U. dioica</em> aqueous extract posed the strongest inhibitory effect, limiting the germination of both lambsquarters and windgrass. Additionally, weed germination was delayed by 12–72 h in the presence of extracts, compared with the control. Summing up, the aqueous extracts of medicinal plants, especially their higher concentrations, pose a desirable inhibiting effect against the germination of lambsquarters and herbicide-resistant windgrass seeds.

scholarly journals Antifeedant Activity of Leaf Aqueous Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants on VI Instar Larva of Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
G. Ravi ◽  
Dr.G. Sundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

Phytochemicals, especially botanical insecticides are currently of interest because of their successful application in plant protection as biocontrol agents. Biological activity of leaf aqueous extract of ten selected medicinal plants were evaluated against the fourth-instar larvae of gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (H¨ubner), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Antifeedant activity of leaf aqueous extracts of Abutilon indicum L., Achyranthus aspera L., Aerva lanata L., Albiziz amara (Roxb), Andrographis paniculata Ness., Cardiospermum halicacabum L., Cassia tora L., Catharanthus roseus L (G) Don., Datura metal L. and Tribulus terrestris L. were evaluated in this study. Preliminary screening after 24 h of exposure with leaf aqueous extracts of the selected plants at a concentration of 1,000 ppm exhibited significant larval mortality rate. The percentage mortality rate ranged considerably from 10.8 to 72.8. The mortality rate was observed in the decreasing order of A. paniculata > C. roseus > D. metal > A. amara > C. halicacabum > A. indicum > C. tora > T. terrestris > A. aspera >A. lanata against the larvae of H. armigera. The results imply that leaf aqueous extract of A. paniculata, C. roseus and D. metal can potentially be used as eco-friendly pest control agents against the larva of H. armigera.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Treatment in Gamba Village, North Region of Cameroon: Ethnopharmacological Survey; In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Khaya Senegalensis Bark.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi ◽  
Roselyne Teponging Nzangue ◽  
Josue Haskandi Kalaza ◽  
Willy Pabo ◽  
Siméon Pierre Fodouop Chegaing
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis

Abstract Background: In traditional medicine, the floral diversity permits the inhabitants of North Cameroon to use a great number of plants to fight against Malaria. The aim of this study was to identify plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, and to verify the scientific basis for the use of one of these plants in the locality of Gamba.Methods: An Ethnopharmacological survey was carried out on 15 traditional healers. We collected data on use of medicinal plants using questionnaires. Then in-vivo antimalarial activity of the decoctioned and macerated aqueous extracts of khaya senegalensis trunk bark was evaluated. The 4-day suppressive peters test was realised on mus musculus swiss albino mice. On day one, mice were infected with 107 plasmodium berghei parasitized red blood cells through intra-peritoneal inoculation. 2 hours after infestation, mice in batches of 6 were treated orally at a dose of 75, 150.300 mg/Kg for macerated aqueous extract and 65, 120.260 mg/Kg for decoctioned extract daily during 3 days at an administration volume of 10 ml/Kg. An extract was considered (% reduction): Highly active (between 100-90 %); moderate (between 90-50 %); weak (between 50-10 %); Inactive (between 0 %). P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 18 plant species belonging to 12 families were identified for the preparation of 12 recipes. The decocted aqueous extract of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity (% reduction = 52.46%) at the highest dose of 260 mg/kg with p<0.001 compared to the positive control group. The aqueous macerate at doses of 150 and 300mg/kg gave respectively a percentage reduction of parasitaemia of 59.42% and 71.80% and also showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity; with p<0.001 between the different extracts and the positive control (99.18%).Conclusion: In conclusion, extracts of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity. It would therefore be necessary to evaluate the anti-malarial activity in-vivo and the toxicity of the aqueous extracts macerated using other solvents and also test the other plants listed.

Inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii on seed germination and growth of Sulla coronaria

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Mejda Abassi ◽  
Zoubeir Béjaoui
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Centaurea Solstitialis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Sulla Coronaria

Biodiversity has been confronted with anthropogenic threats and several natural threats such as biological invasions. The success of these invasions involves phytotoxic products released by invasive plants that can exhibit allelopathic effects on target species. Thus, aqueous extracts from different parts of the Mediterranean yellow star-thistle [Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii (DC.) Gugler], were tested for their allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Sulla coronaria (L.). Bioassays were conducted in vitro to test the effects of the aqueous extracts of shoot, basal and root parts of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii at two different concentrations (50 g·L−1 and 10 g·L−1). The concentrations of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins of the extracts were also evaluated. Our results showed inhibitory effects on the germination and seedling growth of S. coronaria seedlings, particularly with the extract form the basal part, reaching 84%. This study confirms the linear relationships between the allelopathic effects of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii and the polyphenol and flavonoid contents. However, further experiments are needed under field conditions to confirm the results obtained under laboratory conditions.

Allelopathy and Preliminary Separation of Allelopathic Substance in the Extracts of Wheat Seed Germination

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Bai ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Bo Tao ◽  
Chun Hong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Chloroform Phase ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Allelopathic Substance

One variety of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), ‘Longfu 30’, was choosen to study the allelopathic effects of seed germination extracts on other plants. The allelopathic effects of different polarity extracts were measured in terms of germination rate and germination speed on a test cucumber variety ‘Jinyou No.2’ (Cucumis sativus L.), and the allelopathic substance in chloroform extract was preliminarily separated with HSCCC and determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the allelopathy of wheat seed germination extracts varied with the polarity of solvent, and the substance in chloroform phase was the most active and showed a significantly inhibitory effect on seed germination of cucumber by 80.7% under Petri dish culture. The major allelopathic substance in wheat seed germination extracts were phenol, amine, piperazine, alcohols, esters and ketones.

The relation between inhibitory substances and variability in time to germination of sugar beet clusters

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Battle ◽  
W. J. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Germination Inhibitors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
True Seed ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Good Germination

SummaryEvidence was obtained for the presence of germination inhibitors in the aqueous extract from sugar-beet clusters. A positive correlation was shown between the germination of cress seeds moistened with aqueous extracts from clusters of twenty sugarbeet plants and the germination characteristics of other clusters from the same plants. Inhibition was thus greater in extracts from clusters with poor rather than good germination, and also in extracts from immature clusters or those which had received overhead irrigation. The inhibitory effect was found to be located in the perianth and pericarp tissue rather than in the true seed.

Effect of Arak, gall of Quercus infectoriaand Syzgiumaromaticum extracts on the growth and viability ofEntamoeba gingivalis in vitro.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajida S. Hussein Al-Zako ◽  
Ban N. Mohammadali Al-Neamy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Oak Tree

After the succession of E.gingivalis cultivation on the DMEMmedium. This study was performedin order to identify the effect ofincreasing concentrations from aqueous and alcoholic extracts of a threeplants,known with their usage for medical treatment to dental and oraldiseases,those are Arak sticks (Salvadora persica), gall of oak tree (Quercusinfectoria) and flowering bud of clove (Syzgium aromaticum)on the viabilityof E. gingivalis.Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Arak sticks showed a clear effectwith the superiority of the aqueous extract in its impact inhibitory effect onE.gingivalis.The results alsoshowed the existence of a negative and inhibitory impact increasingly on the growth ofE. gingivalis with the increasingconcentrations used of aqueous and alcoholic extracts fromgall of oak andflowering buds of clove, with simple superiority of aqueous extracts onalcoholic one for galls of oak trees and alcoholic extract of the of floweringbuds on aqueous one of buds clove.A clear increasing LT50 and LT90 where gained when using aqueousand alcoholic extracts of three plants with an Arak superiority in theelimination of the parasite, specially the aqueous one with the lower time.

Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Wedelia trilobata on the Germination, Seedling Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Rape

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Hua Zhang ◽  
Bao Qing Hu ◽  
Gang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Wedelia Trilobata ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Wedelia trilobata(L.) Hitche is a widespread alien invasive weed in south China and has been reported to show allelopathic potential causing biological suppression on some plants. In this study, the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from the leaves ofW. trilobatawere tested on the seed germination, shoot growth and total chlorophyll content of rape (Brassica campestrisL.) using Petri dish bioassay. The results showed that the aqueous extracts at the concentration from 25% to 100% caused a significant reduction in the germination percentage, shoot length and total chlorophyll content of rape. This inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent. These results suggested there was a strong potential phytotoxic effect ofW. trilobataon rape andthis effect might reduce the production of some crop species.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of exotic plants on the physiological potential of seeds of native species of caatinga

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Fraga Silva ◽  
Halina Stéffany Lopes Costa ◽  
Jesimiel Silva Viana ◽  
Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Diego Sousa Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Invasive Exotic

The introduction of species is one of the major causes of biodiversity loss. Invasive exotic plants adapt, propagate and dominate, damaging both natural processes and native species. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of three exotic species in the caatinga, on the physiological quality of native forest seeds. Aqueous extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica, Prosopis juliflora and Cryptostegia madagascariensis were tested to evaluate their effect on the seed germination and seedling vigor of Piptadenia moniliformis, Mimosa tenuiflora and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia. Seed germination of M. tenuiflora was inhibited by the aqueous extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica in 100% and 42%, respectively, with a reduced GVI with the extracts of P. juliflora and C. madagascariensis. Regarding AEI, P. juliflora extract had positive effect on P. moniliformis seeds and negative on M. tenuiflora seeds, close to -1. A reduction in height of P. moniliformis was observed when the seedlings were in contact with the extracts of the invasive plants studied. For M. tenuiflora, the extract of P. juliflora prevented the formation of seedlings, and M. caesalpiniaefolia presented higher inhibitory effect with extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica. Therefore, M. tenuiflora showed to be sensitive to P. juliflora phytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Conyza sumatrensis allelopathy effect on Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) seed germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo José Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia da Costa Zonetti ◽  
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Isac George Rosset ◽  
André Felipe Moreira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

Background: Other tools for weed management should be considered in addition to the use of herbicides. In this context, the identification and use of allelopathic compounds deserves attention. Question: To quantify phenolic compounds and evaluate the allelopathic potential of extracts of Conyza sumatrensis on the germination of Bidens pilosa. Studied species: Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker, Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) Study site: Palotina, state of Paraná, Brazil. Methods: The aqueous extracts were prepared with shoot and root portions of C. sumatrensis in concentrations: 0, 1, 5 and 10 %. Germination and germination speed index were evaluated. The total flavonoids and phenols of the tested extracts were also quantified. Results: With increasing concentrations of the extracts there was an increased inhibition of germination of B. pilosa and delays in the germination process. The extracts from the shoot of C. sumatrensis had a more expressive effect on seed germination when compared to the extracts obtained from the root. At concentration of 10 %, the extract from the shoot reduced in 83 % the percentage of germination. This may be related to the higher concentration of total flavonoids and phenols found. Conclusion: The allelopathic potential of C. sumatrensis plants can be considered since both shoot and root extracts inhibited and/or reduced the germination of B. pilosa.

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