scholarly journals Genetic variability of rye-xenic-hybrid traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lechosław Grochowski ◽  
Jan Kaczmarek ◽  
Władysław Kadłubiec ◽  
Henryk Bujak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Standard Cultivar

In field experiments performed in two localities (Smolice, Wrocław) 18 xenic hybrids of winter rye, two testers and standard cultivar Dańkowskie Złote, were analysed. The objects of detailed evaluations were 11 traits. For six of them arithmetic means (x), standard deviations (S), coefficients of variation (cv), coefficients of genetic diversity (h<sup>2</sup>), correlation coefficients were calculated. Moreover, analyses of variance were carried out and the effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were estimated. The existence of quantitative xenia in hybrids was confirmed. It was shown that xenic hybrids, in respect to most of the analysed traits, were insignificantly inferior to the testers and the standard cultivar. However, the decrease of plant height has shown to be significant and a tendency to higher yield was observed.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and correlation path analysis in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.wilczek)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-416
Author(s):  
MG Azam ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
KS Rahman ◽  
M Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The success of crop improvement program largely depends on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and characters association. This experiment was undertaken to estimate the extent of genetic variability and relation between yield and related characters. Twenty eight mungbean genotypes were grown at Pulses Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna during kharif-I 2015 in a randomized complete block design with three replications to estimate the extent of genetic variability and association between yield and yield related traits. Analysis of variance revealed that all the traits showed highly significant difference among genotypes except seeds per pod. Pods per plant, plant height and 100 seed weight showed high genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV). High broadsense heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for 100 seed weight, days to flower and pods per plant suggesting preponderance of additive gene action for these characters and selection of such traits might be effective for the improvement of grain yield. Seeds per pod, plant height and pods per plant showed positive significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation with yield. The result of path analysis indicated that pods per plant had maximum direct effect on yield followed by plant height and 100 seed weight and they contribute 31% variation in yield.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 407-416, September 2018

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Diversity and Association of Quantitative Traits with Grain Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Pandey ◽  
P John Anurag ◽  
DK Tiwari ◽  
SK Yadav ◽  
Binod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Biological Yield

Context: Genetic diversity is pre-requisite for any crop improvement programme as it helps in the development of superior recombinants. Objectives: Recognizing the importance of genetic diversity in plant breeding experiments, the present research work was taken up to estimate genetic diversity in different accessions of rice for various agro-economically important characters. Materials and Methods: Experiments were carried out with 40 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes which were evaluated for yield and yield contributing traits in Kharif-2007-08. The data were recorded on 10 randomly selected plants from each replication for 12 quantitative characters studied. However days to 50% flowering was recorded on per plot basis. Mean values were subjected to analysis of variance to test the significance for each character. The genetic divergence was estimated and the grouping of the genotypes into cluster was done.Results: Sufficient amount of variability was found in the entire gene pool for all traits studied. The higher magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation was recorded for plant height, grain yield per hill, harvest index and biological yield per hill. High heritability along with high genetic advance as percent of mean was registered for harvest index, grain yield, plant height, biological yield, test weight, number of tillers per hill and number of spikelets per panicle suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters. On the basis of Mahalanobis D2 statistics the genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. Plant height, biological yield and test weight contributed considerably, accounting for 86.16 % of total divergence. The genotypes superior in some clusters may be involve in a multiple crossing programme to recover transgressive segregants with high genetic yield potential and early maturity. Conclusion: The promising genotypes selected from diverse clusters should be involved in the hybridization programme in order to transfer some of the desirable yield contributing characters consisted by them.  Key words: Rice (Oryza sativa); genetic variability; diversity; clustering pattern DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7110J. bio-sci. 17: 77-82, 2009

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis Studies in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Santonu Das ◽  
◽  
C. Karak ◽  
S. Roy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

The present investigation was carried out at Kalyani Simanta District Seed Farm, Kalyani, Nadia under BCKV during Pre-kharif season of 2018-19. Ten genotypes of cowpea were grown in randomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were studied for twelve characters viz, plant height at maturity, number of flower inflorescence-1, number of primary branches plant-1, leaf area, number of pods plant-1, pod weight, number of grains pod-1, pod length, biological yield plant-1, area of primary leaf, hundred grain weight and grain yield plant-1. The experimental studies revealed substantial amount of genetic variability among the genotypes under study. In general, phenotypic coefficients of variation were higher in magnitude than genotypic coefficient of variation. The characters pod yield plant-1 and plant height at maturity showed comparatively higher estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation indicating high level of variability and ample scope for effective improvement. The higher estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean indicated additive gene action for the above characters. Correlation studies revealed strong positive association of pod yield plant-1, hundred grain weight with grain yield plant-1. The path analysis studies indicated that the characters number of pods plant-1 and days to first pod maturity bearing direct positive effect on grain yield, could be the selection criteria for genetic improvement of grain yield plant-1 in cowpea population under study. Thus, the genotypes PL-3, PL-5, Mousumi Laffa are observed as desirable among the population for future use in breeding programme, as these genotypes had good performance for the important quantitative traits.

scholarly journals Comparison of RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers in assessing genetic diversity among rye (Secale cereale L.) inbred lines

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Myśków ◽  
Paweł Milczarski ◽  
Piotr Masojć
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Dna Primers ◽  
Simple Sequence

Comparison of RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers in assessing genetic diversity among rye (Secale cereale L.) inbred lines Forty eight inbred lines of winter rye, of various origin and pedigree, were analysed using 19 RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) primers, 8 ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) primers and 13 SSR (simple sequence repeats) primer pairs. On the basis of particular marker types, there were created three separate dendrograms and one combined similarity tree, prepared on account of the whole data. Correlation coefficients for individual technique based on genetic similarity matrices were not significant. By comparing the GS data obtained on the basis of singular methods with collective matrix, it was observed that the highest correlation rate was for ISSR method (r=0.68). The utility of each marker technique was compared by using marker index MI. Diversity detecting index (DDT) was suggested in the paper, which may prove helpful in planning and comparing researches on phenetic relationships.

scholarly journals Analyses of variability, euclidean clustering and principal components for genetic diversity of eight Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mia Mukul ◽  
Nargis Akter ◽  
Md. Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Al-Emran Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Fibre Yield

An investigation was done to assess the genetic variability, character associations, and genetic diversity of eight jute genotypes for seven morphological traits in a randomised complete block design at Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during 15 March, 2018 to 31 December, 2019. Analyses results revealed significant differences (P<0.01) among all genotypes for studied traits indicating the presence of variability. All the lines performed better than one control (JRO-524), and the line (O-0412-9-4) provided good results for desired traits than all controls. Jute fibre yield showed the highest broad sense heritability (98.54%). The studied jute morphological traits i.e. Plant population, the plant height, green weight, dry fibre yield and dry stick yield gave high heritability along with high genotypic and phenotypic variances, genetic advances in percent of the mean, highly significant and positive correlations. It indicates the possibility of crop improvement through phenotypic selection and maximum genetic gain, simultaneously at the genotypic-phenotypic level. Clustering analysis grouped all genotypes into three distinct clusters. The cluster II showed the highest mean values for all traits followed by cluster I and III. The first two principal components with higher Eigen values (>1.0) accounted for 90.88% of the total variation in the principal component analysis. PCA and cluster analyses indicated that the advanced breeding line O-0412-9-4 made its individual cluster II with higher inter-cluster distance and higher fibre yield (3.12 t ha-1). The investigation was done to select the genotype(s) with good fibre yield and distinct features in respect of developing high yielding Tossa jute variety for cultivation in the farmers’ field. This genotype O-0412-9-4 was selected based on higher plant height, base diameter, fibre yield content. It will be developed as a high yielding variety considering its’ higher genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, significant associations for desirable characters.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Correlation of Some Agronomical Characters of Soybean Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Heru Kuswantoro ◽  
Rina Artari ◽  
Wiwit Rahajeng ◽  
Erliana Ginting ◽  
Agus Supeno
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Number Of Branches

Genetic diversity and inheritance of the traits determine the success of the breeding program. Analysis of genetic variability and heritability assist breeders to decide a strategy and appropriate selection criteria that will be used to repair the desired character. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic diversity, heritability and correlation of nine agronomic characters of soybean varieties. The materials were 16 soybean varieties that arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that days to flowering, number of branches per plant, number of reproductive nodes, number of unfilled pods per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and grain yield revealed broad CVG (Genetic Coeffiecient of Variance), whereas the days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant had a narrow CVG. CVP (Phenotypic Coeffiecient of Variance) value higher than the value of CVG on all the observed characters with a slight difference, except for grain yield. The broad sense heritability varied from low (seed yield), medium (the number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of pods and the number of unfilled pods), and high (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and weight of 100 seeds). Characters of days to flowering and weight of 100 seeds are effectively used as selection criteria because they had a broad CVG and high heritability. Correlation of all yield components to the seed yield was not significant, and negatively correlated to weight of 100 seeds. Variety with higher plant height tended to have a higher number of branches, reproductive nodes and filled pod per plant.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN WEIGHT PER SPIKE IN BARLEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Dmitri Dolzhenko ◽  
Sergei Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Positive Effects

The aim of the study was to investigate the systems of genetic control of the trait “grain weight per main spike” in spring barley in the system of diallel crosses to optimize the breeding process for yield. Six varieties of barley were used as parental forms: Condor and Omskiy naked 1 (hulless), Margret, Lun, Nutans 553, and Anna (hulled). Crosses according to the full diallelic scheme were performed in 2008 and 2009. Field experiments were carried out in the forest-steppe of Penza region in 2009 and 2010 with contrasting hydrothermal regimes. In most hybrid populations, the grain weight per spike was inherited according to the type of overdominance and complete dominance of the parent with a high value of the trait. The analysis of the combining ability by B.Griffing showed that both additive and non-additive effects were present in the control of the trait; their balance varied by years and genotypes. The correlation coefficients between the general combining ability (GCA) and the degree of the trait in parental varieties (r=0.76...0.96) indicate that the selection of pairs for crosses can be carried out on the basis of high values of grain weight per spike, especially in a dry year. Genetic analysis by B.Hayman showed the prevalence of the effects of overdominance in the control of the trait; in 2009, complementary epistasis was also registered. Overdominance and non-additive effects in the control of a trait complicates selection in early generations, which is confirmed by the differences between the values of heritability coefficients in the broad sense (H2=0.79...0.94) and in the narrow sense (h2=0.24...0.59). The largest number of dominant genes controlling the grain weight per spike was found in Margret in both years of research and Anna in the dry year. These varieties are also distinguished for the consistently positive effects of GCA and are recommended as donors of the trait for breeding

Genetic variability, character association and coheritability for yield traits over the locations in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Sharma ◽  
P. L. Johnson ◽  
H. C. Nanda ◽  
Abhinav C. Nanda ◽  
A. K. Sarawgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The present investigation was carried out during rabi 2016-17 at five different locations (Raipur, Bhatapara, Bemetera, Kabirdham and Korea) in Chhattisgarh to study the genetic variability, character association and coheritability for yield traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield (Kg/ha). Results revealed that phenotypic coefficients of variation were marginally higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation indicating the influence of environment in the expression of the characters under study. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for days to 50% flowering in all the locations except Bhatapara, for days to maturity in Korea, for plant height in Raipur, Bhatapara and Korea, for pods/plant in Raipur and Bhatapara and for 100 seed wt. (g) in all the locations indicating the role of additive genetic variance in the expression of these traits. Correlation studies revealed that the phenotypic and genotypic correlations in general are similar in direction but the magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than the phenotypic correlations. Results of coheritability analysis indicated that, in general, estimates of phenotypic covariances were higher than the corresponding genotypic covariances indicating the effect of environment for expression of the traits studied.

PROFILING OF GUAVA GENOTYPES GROWN IN VIDARBHA CONDITIONS ON THE BASIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. PATIL ◽  
S.G. BHARAD ◽  
S.N. SAWANT
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Intrapopulation Diversity

Assessment of genetic diversity in the available germplasm is the prerequisite for development of improved genotypes through planned breeding programmes. In the view of this Forty-eight genotypes of seedling origin guava along with 1 check (L-49/Sardar) collected and conserved at germplasm block, Main Garden, Department of Horticulture, Dr. P. D. A. University, Akola were evaluated for genetic variability and diversity based on the qualitative characteristics. The genotypes were evaluated for sixteen morphological traitsviz. tree, leaf, floral and fruit traits. Results Show considerable extent of variability amongst the 49 genotypes in each traits. A sizeable amount of intrapopulation diversity recorded can be used to identify diverse parents which can be utilized in hybridization programmes.

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