scholarly journals The effect of water conditions on the phenology and age structure of Luronium natans (L.) Raf. populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Bazydło ◽  
Józef Szmeja
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
North Western ◽  
Do So

The study presents the results of the analysis of development stages of <em>Luronium natans</em> (L.) Raf. depending on water conditions (pH, light, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon) in 21 populations in north-western Poland. The fractions of seedlings, juvenile, mature and generative stems, as well as the course of phenological phenomena were determined. Seedlings are sparse and can be found from May to July. Most of them occur in waters ranging from slightly acid to neutral (pH 6.0-7.0) with TP concentrations of 10-20 µg dm<sup>-3</sup>, TN concentrations &lt; 1.0 mg dm<sup>-3</sup> and DOC concentrations of 3.5-5.0 mg dm<sup>-3</sup>, on a mineral (5-10% OC) and fairly well lit (31-40% PAR) substrate. The generative phase lasts from May to October. The flowering period is between August and mid-September. Only 35.2±9.4% of flowering stems produce fruits. The plant flowers abundantly in waters with total nitrogen concentrations &gt; 1.2 mg dm<sup>-3</sup>, that is above the level of TN concentrations most favourable to seedlings and both juvenile and mature individuals. TP and DOC concentrations, and light intensity (PAR) do not influence the size of the generative stems fraction in populations. However, sediment structure is of importance in this respect: about 62.9% of stems flower and fruit on a mineral substrate (&lt; 1% OC), whereas only 17.4% do so on an organic one. The results of this study may be useful in the conservation of this endangered European endemic species.

Spatial heterogeneity of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in aLithocarpus glaber-Cyclobalanopsis glaucaevergreen broadleaved forest

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
杨丹 YANG Dan ◽  
项文化 XIANG Wenhua ◽  
方晰 FANG Xi ◽  
樊纲惟 FAN Gangwei ◽  
许玉庆 XU Yuqing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Predicting spatial distribution of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in a typical human impacted area

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yingcong Ye ◽  
Yefeng Jiang ◽  
Lihua Kuang ◽  
Yi Han ◽  
Zhe Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen

scholarly journals Tillage in Relation to Distribution of Nutrients and Organic Carbon in the Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Božena Šoltysová ◽  
Martin Danilovič
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
The Difference

Tillage in Relation to Distribution of Nutrients and Organic Carbon in the SoilChanges of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and soil organic carbon were observed on gleyic Fluvisols (locality Milhostov) at the following crops: grain maize (2005), spring barley (2006), winter wheat (2007), soya (2008), grain maize (2009). The experiment was realized at three soil tillage technologies: conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage. Soil samples were collected from three depths (0-0.15 m; 0.15-0.30 m; 0.30-0.45 m). The ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen was also calculated.Soil tillage affects significantly the content of total nitrogen in soil. The difference between the convetional tillage and soil protective tillages was significant. The balance showed that the content of total nitrogen decreased at reduced tillage by 5.2 rel.%, at no-tillage by 5.1 rel.% and at conventional tillage by 0.7 rel.%.Similarly, the content of organic matter in the soil was significantly affected by soil tillage. The content of soil organic carbon found at the end of the research period was lower by 4.1 rel.% at reduced tillage, by 4.8 rel.% at no-tillage and by 4.9 rel.% at conventional tillage compared with initial stage. The difference between the convetional tillage and soil protective tillages was significant.Less significant relationship was found between the soil tillage and the content of available phosphorus. The balance showed that the content of available phosphorus was increased at reduced tillage (by 4.1 rel.%) and was decreased at no-tillage (by 9.5 rel.%) and at conventional tillage (by 3.3 rel.%).Tillage did not significantly affect the content of available potassium in the soil.

scholarly journals Introduction of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) green manure in rotations of head salads and baby leaf crops under greenhouse

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Morra ◽  
Domenico Cerrato ◽  
Maurizio Bilotto ◽  
Salvatore Baiano
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Balance ◽  
Soil Biomass ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

This paper deals with the introduction in tunnel-greenhouses of sweet sorghum cultivated in short, summer cycle as green manure with the aim to amend soils with biomass grown on farm. This practice has been spreading in tunnels of Sele river Valley (Salerno, Italy) where baby leaf crops are cultivated in numerous cycles (up to 5-7) per year. Three sorghum varieties for forage or biomass (Goliath, BMR 201 and BMR 333) were cultivated in two farms at Eboli and San Marzano sul Sarno with the aims to study their responses in term of fresh and dry aboveground biomass yielded, C and N content of the biomass incorporated in soil, C balance in amended soils after one year of ordinary cash crop sequences. No differences, with regard to all the parameters measured, were pointed out among the tested varieties in each site. The sorghum cycle lasted 45 days at Eboli, yielding on average 98 and 13 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of fresh and dry biomass, respectively; soil biomass incorporation supplied, on average 5.8 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of organic carbon and 273 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of total nitrogen. In the farm of San Marzano, sorghum cycle lasted 68 days, yielding 116 and 18 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of fresh and dry biomass, respectively; soil biomass incorporation supplied, on average 8 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of organic carbon and 372 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of total nitrogen. After one year, the plots amended with sorghum biomass showed a soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration not different from the starting point while SOC decreased in fallow plots. At Eboli, initial SOC content was 12.3 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, but one year later it resulted 12.3, 12.8, 12.2 and 11.3 g kg<sup>-1</sup> in BMR 201, BMR 333, Goliath and control plots, respectively. At San Marzano initial SOC content was 11.4 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, but one year later it resulted 11, 12, 10.7 and 10.5 g kg<sup>-1</sup> in BMR 201, BMR 333, Goliath and control plots, respectively. The annual C balance put in evidence that the green manure with sorghum biomass caused SOC losses higher than those detected in fallow plots let us supposing a prime effect in boosting the soil microbial C mineralization. Only cv BMR 333 in the Eboli trial, pointed out a positive SOC change of 1.8 t ha<sup>-1</sup>. Further studies are requested to better understand the real efficacy of sorghum cover crop in soil amendment under tunnels devoted to intensive vegetable crop sequence.

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