MODELLING OF EXPLOSION RISK AREAS IN A FUNCTION OF TERRAIN TOPOGRAPHY, WEATHER CONDITIONS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR A GAS MIXTURE OF PROPANE-BUTANE TYPE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kalbarczyk-Jedynak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Explosion Risk ◽  
Propane Butane

scholarly journals An Atmospheric Origin for HCN-Derived Polymers on Titan

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 965
Author(s):  
Zoé Perrin ◽  
Nathalie Carrasco ◽  
Audrey Chatain ◽  
Lora Jovanovic ◽  
Ludovic Vettier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Space Probe ◽  
Atmospheric Haze ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Haze Formation

Titan’s haze is strongly suspected to be an HCN-derived polymer, but despite the first in situ measurements by the ESA-Huygens space probe, its chemical composition and formation process remain largely unknown. To investigate this question, we simulated the atmospheric haze formation process, experimentally. We synthesized analogues of Titan’s haze, named Titan tholins, in an irradiated N2–CH4 gas mixture, mimicking Titan’s upper atmosphere chemistry. HCN was monitored in situ in the gas phase simultaneously with the formation and evolution of the haze particles. We show that HCN is produced as long as the particles are absent, and is then progressively consumed when the particles appear and grow. This work highlights HCN as an effective precursor of Titan’s haze and confirms the HCN-derived polymer nature of the haze.

Autoerotic Accident by Inhalation of Propane-Butane Gas Mixture

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Jackowski ◽  
Wolfgang R??mhild ◽  
Beat Aebi ◽  
Werner Bernhard ◽  
Dieter Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Propane Butane

scholarly journals The effect of the previous crop and differentiated fertilisation on yields and content of N-substances in spring barley grain

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Luděk Hřivna ◽  
Rostislav Richter ◽  
Pavel Ryant ◽  
Michal Příkopa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Small Plot

In small-plot experiments established in 2001–2004 we studied the effect of the chemical composition of the plant dry matter of spring barley, varieties Kompakt and Jersey, on grain yields. A re­la­ti­ve­ly strong correlation was confirmed between the chemical composition of the plant dry matter and yields. The correlation was most intensive in the case of nitrogen (r = 0.536), phosphorus (r = 0.503), magnesium (r = 0.464) and sulphur (r = 0.431) at the beginning of shooting (DC 30); in the case of potassium (r = 0.557) at the beginning of tillering (DC 23) and calcium (r = 0.530) during ear formation (DC 55). A relatively strong correlation remained from the beginning of tillering to the beginning of ear formation and later decreased. The weather conditions of the year and variety significantly affected grain yields and also the previous crop was important. Grain yields of the variety Kompakt were statistically significantly lower than of the variety Jersey (6.02 t . ha−1 and 6.45 t . ha−1, respectively). The yields of barley grown after sugar-beet were the highest (6.30–6.79 t . ha−1); the grain yields of barley after maize decreased by 9.1–9.7 %. Higher grain yields of the Jersey variety resulted in levels of ­N-substances (11.35 %) lower than in the Kompakt variety (11.35 % and 11.60 %, resp.). No correlation was discovered between the nitrogen level in the plant dry matter during vegetation and the content of ­N-substances in barley grain.

scholarly journals The effects of genotype and environment on selected traits of oat grain and flour

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czubaszek
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Selected Traits

The effects of genotype and environment on selected traits of oat grain and flour The purpose of the investigation was to study the effects of variety properties of oat cultivars and environmental conditions on physical traits and chemical composition of grain and flour. Nine oat cultivars had been grown in the experimental plots (stations) located in two experimental stations in Jelenia Góra and Bobrowniki. The samples were collected in two harvest years. As it has been found, the genetic factors affected physical traits of the grain. The chemical composition of oat grain depended to a large extent on the weather conditions during the growing season. The genetic factors affected only total protein content of the oat grain. The grain of the oat cultivars under investigation was high in total protein but low in starch. Its proteolytic and amylolytic activities were on average levels. Total protein and pentosan content as well as proteolytic activity of the oat flour were lower than those of grain, but starch content and the falling number were higher.

scholarly journals The Effect of Application of Ethephon to Processing Tomato Plants on the Chemical Composition of Fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Maria GAWEDA ◽  
Elzbieta JEDRSZCZYK ◽  
Barbara SKOWERA ◽  
Renata JEDRZEJCZAK ◽  
Krystyna SZYMCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Impact ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Meteorological Elements

Ethephon is used to accelerate fruit ripening on plantations with well-developed plants which have formed a large quantity of fruits. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ethephon on the chemical composition of the fruits of seven cultivars of processing tomato (‘Rumba’, ‘Hubal’, ‘Sokal’ F1, ‘Mieszko’ F1, ‘Polset’ F1, ‘Hysioux’ F1 and ‘AF1120’ F1), applied to the plants when most of the fruits had reached the mature-green stage. The study was conducted during three consecutiveyears, characterized by different weather conditions. Meteorological elements, i.e. air temperature and precipitation totals, were monitored in the experimental station in Mydlniki, near Krakow, Poland. Ethephon was found to have a beneficial effect on the content of extract and soluble sugars of the harvested tomatoes and on their acidity. Dry matter and lycopene levels were not dependent on the use of this compound, while the ascorbic acid content was reduced by the procedure. The chemicalcomposition of the tomato fruits differed significantly in consecutive years of the study, which confirmed the weather impact on fruit quality and on the varied responses of different cultivars to use of ethephon. The tested cultivars were also compared in terms of their suitability for processing. The ‘Hubal’ cultivar had the highest content of dry matter, extract, soluble sugars of all the cultivars tested. The highest level of lycopene was noted for the tomatoes of the ‘Rumba’ and ‘Sokal’ F1 cultivar, ascorbic acid of the ‘Rumba’ and the highest acidity for ‘AF 1120’ F1.

Estimation of a Gas Mixture Explosion Risk by Measuring the Oxidation Heat Within a Catalytic Sensor

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 9691-9698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Somov ◽  
Alexey Karelin ◽  
Alexander Baranov ◽  
Sergey Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Explosion Risk

scholarly journals Influence of phosphorus nutrition on seed yield and quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars across different seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra ◽  
Josef Hakl ◽  
Jiri Skladanka ◽  
Joanna Dłużniewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Due to the rapid shrinking of supply of mineral nutrients as well as observed weather fluctuations in throughout Europe in recent ten years, sustainable phosphorus fertilisation has become an important aspect of legume cultivation. There is a lack of knowledge about the effect of phosphorus (P) nutrition on the pea seed yield and quality in water poor conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the seed yield and seed chemical composition of selected pea cultivars in response to the level of P fertilisation and weather conditions across three consecutive years. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to assess the proportion of variability of tested variables (seed quality traits) that could be explained by explanatory variables (year, cultivar, fertilisation). Temporary soil drought during flowering stage resulted in a significant increase in yield only after high level of phosphorus application (140 kg ha–1). This indicates that phosphorus significantly mitigated the effect of water shortage. In a dry year, pea had high concentration of fat and fibre in seeds, while in very humid year the opposite response was observed. RDA analysis proved that year effect explained over 50% variability, whereas cultivar and P fertilisation explained only 14.2% of variability. The effect of P fertilisation was only marginal (1.6%) in comparison with cultivar selection (12.6%). Interaction of pea cultivars with fertilisation shows a consistent tendency towards increase of crude protein under higher phosphorus doses for cultivars ‘Tarchalska’ and ‘Protecta’ whereas opposite tendency was observed for ‘Batuta’ and ‘Tinker’. It can be concluded that suitable cultivar selection gives a much greater opportunity to affect pea chemical composition than P fertilisation.

Nutritive value of pasture: I. Seasonal variations in the productivity, botanical and chemical composition, and nutritive value of medium pasturage on a light sandy soil

1926 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Ernest Woodman ◽  
Denzil Layton Blunt ◽  
James Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Poa Trivialis ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Bromus Mollis

An account has been given of an investigation into the seasonal changes in the productivity, botanical and chemical composition, and nutritive value of pasture grass, the work constituting the initial stage of a comprehensive study of the nutritive properties of different types of pasture. The pasture on which the work was carried out was situated on a light sandy soil of low water-retaining capacity; the pasturage was of medium quality.Grazing was imitated by the daily use of a motor-mowing machine, the system of cutting being such as to ensure the whole plot being cut over once per week. The season was divided into ten periods, each period corresponding with the duration of a digestion trial carried out on two wether sheep. The main feature of the weather conditions during the season was the extremely low rainfall during the period from early June to mid-July.The pasture plot results were compared with corresponding results obtained from contiguous plots which were allowed to grow for hay, and from which, after removal of hay, several successive aftermath cuts were taken. The main findings of the investigation are summarised below:Seasonal changes in the botanical composition of the herbage. Although precise and systematic botanical analyses of the herbage of the pasture were not carried out, yet careful surveys made at an early and a late date in the season, together with general observations made during the whole course of the experiment, enabled interesting conclusions to be drawn in respect of the seasonal activity and persistency of the different species of grasses in the sward. During the spring season,Bromus mollis, Lolium perenne, Poa annuaandPoa trivialisaccounted for almost 80 per cent, of the herbage.

Gas Analysis Based on Piezoelectric Sensor Array

2011 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 674-678
Author(s):  
Min Ming Tong ◽  
Le Jian An ◽  
Shou Feng Tang ◽  
Zi Hui Ren
Keyword(s):  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Analysis Error ◽  
Combustible Gas Mixture ◽  
Explosion Risk

A piezoelectric sensor array is introduced for the analysis of gas in mine. This sensor array is made of three different gas-sensitive piezoelectric sensors to detect an explosive gas mixture of methane, butane and hexane. The gas analysis is very important to reliable warning of explosion risk in mine. Because of cross sensing to gas for each sensor of sensor array, we use BP neural network in the artificial neural networks to process the sensing signal to get the concentration of methane, butane and hexane in the combustible gas mixture. Experimental results show that the analysis error is less than 5% and meets the requirements of safety monitoring.

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