ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE ROAD BASE IN "SOLOVETSKY" SETTLEMENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Aksenov
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base

scholarly journals Application of the foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion to the road base mixes in the deep cold recycling technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Anna Chomicz-Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

This paper presents findings of a study concerning the influence of binder type on the mechanical properties of road base in the cold recycling technology. The principal aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mixes in scope of susceptibility to moisture and low-temperatures. In the comparative research foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion were used in four different concentrations (2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%). The materials used in the study were reclaimed from an existing road construction layers: reclaimed aggregate from the road base and reclaimed asphalt pavement obtained by milling the surface and binder course. Portland cement in 2.0% concentration was used as a hydraulic binder. The evaluated parameters were: indirect tensile strengths, tensile strength retained and indirect tensile stiffness modulus at 25 °C. These tests were complemented by an evaluation of susceptibility to moisture and frost according to modified procedures implemented by American researchers: Tunnicliff, Root and Lottman. Moreover, tests for low-temperature cracking were conducted according to Finnish standard. The investigations showed that the use of foamed bitumen for road base layer produced in the cold recycling technology results in better mechanical properties and resistance to moisture and frost compared to using bitumen emulsion. The use of 2.5% of foamed bitumen and 2.0% of Portland cement in the recycled road base allowed to meet the established criteria.

scholarly journals Study of the Conditions for Construction of the Haulage Berm in the Deposit Ledger-Wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bakhaeva ◽  
Elena Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Slope Angle ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Single Side ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Shipping Cost ◽  
Shear Characteristics ◽  
Spoil Bank

To reduce transportation distance and shipping cost for rock haulage with a single-side development system, it is relevant to build roads on the spoil bank of the open-pit. The article reviews factors affecting stability of the spoil bank and the most common types of deformation. The backward calculation method for obtaining resistance to shear characteristics of the base rocks in contact with a road embankment has been described. Schemes for road constructions on the spoil bank of the open-pit have been considered. Mining and geometric simulation of the road base has been built. Zoning of the road base as per slope angle of the underlying rock and parameters of the haulage berm allow tracing rapidly axis of the technological and engineering roads for actual engineering and geological conditions. Besides, measures to reduce risk factors of landslides during construction of the haulage berm at deposit ledger-wall have been considered.

Unconfined Compressive Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Cement Treated Recycling Base at Boyolali-Kartosuro Road Rehabilitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Ary Setyawan ◽  
Anastasia Muda ◽  
Sholihin As’ad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Compressive Strength Test

Road rehabilitation and reconstruction generate large supplies of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). One of the efforts to reuse the RAP is by insitu process and utilize it as road base materials. To get satisfying result from the RAP, it is necessary to add a certain amount of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as stabilizer. This study investigate the potential use of OPC-stabilized RAP in road bases. Laboratory experimental method was applied by using material collected from road located at Boyolali-Kartasura as the object of the study with the cement content variations of 4%, 5% and 6% for unconfined compressive strength test (UCS) and the cement contents variation of 5% and 6% for drying shrinkage test. The range of cement contents required for unconfined compressive strength of cement treated recycling base (CTRB) are 5% to 6%. The cement content used at Boyolali - Kartosuro road rehabilitation was 5.5%. Drying shrinkage during 28 days is 805.3 micro strain for the cement content of 5% and 826.3 micro strain for the cement content of 6%. The drying shrinkage of the materials was quite high for CTRB, so that carefully design and attention need to take into account to avoid the cracks at the road base and the prospective of reflective cracking at the surface course of the road.

scholarly journals Notes on the Geology of Maidstone

The Geologist ◽  
1862 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 294-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Bensted
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Clay Pits

The outcroppings of the Cretaceous strata in the valley of the Medway, the great quarries in the lower beds of the greensand for the much-used Kentish ragstone, the extensive chalk-pits at Burham and other places, the pottery clay-pits and the numerous brickfields, afford excellent facilities for the observation of the geological structure of Maidstone and the surrounding country.By taking the road from Rochester, through Maidstone, to Linton, the outcrops of the Chalk and its subordinate beds are passed over in succession across their line of strike.The chalk hills, are covered, at various places, with a red, tenacious (Post-Tertiary or Diluvial) clay, in which great quantities of flint nodules are buried.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ABU BATUBARA SEBAGAI MATERIAL TANAH DASAR DI TAMBANG BATU HIJAU, SUMBAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 595-602
Author(s):  
Mara Maswahenu ◽  
Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽  
Aulya Salsabila
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Leaching Procedure ◽  
Radionuclide Activity

ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan abu batubara (Fly Ash B409 dan Bottom Ash B410) yang sebelumnya dimanfaatkan oleh PT Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara (PTAMNT) di tambang Batu Hijau sebagai substitusi semen dalam pembuatan beton hanya menyerap 1,7% dari total abu batubara yang dihasilkan. PLTU PTAMNT dapat menghasilkan ± 1.000 ton abu batubara per bulan. Tujuan pemanfaatan abu batubara sebagai material campuran lapisan tanah dasar adalah meningkatkan penerapan prinsip 3R limbah B3 secara internal (sampai dengan 100%) dan mengurangi biaya perawatan dan perbaikan jalan dengan meningkatnya kualitas lapisan tanah dasar. Pada awal tahun 2018, PTAMNT telah memulai kajian pemanfaatan abu batubara sebagai bahan lapisan tanah dasar (road base) dan telah memperoleh izin pemanfataan abu batubara sebagai substitusi bahan baku tanah lapisan dasar (subgrade) sesuai Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor SK.337/Menlhk/Setjen/PLB.3/5/2019   tanggal 13 Mei 2019. Beberapa pengujian telah dilakukan sesuai persyaratan yang telah ditentukan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 101 Tahun 2014 dan dalam izin pemanfaatan,  termasuk diantaranya uji Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Loss on Ignition (LoI), Total Oksida Logam,  uji California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratorium dengan berbagai komposisi pencampuran tanah dan abu batubara, serta uji aktivitas radionuklida.  Hasil uji sampel campuran abu batubara menunjukan bahwa (1) semua hasil analisis TCLP berada di bawah baku mutu pada Lampiran III dan IV PP101 Tahun 2014, (2) nilai LoI sebesar 8,4%, (3) nilai total oksida logam (penjumlahan SiO2, Al2O3, dan Fe2O3) sebesar 66,1% (kelas C menurut ASTM C618012a dan SNI 2460:2014),  (4) pencampuran tanah dengan abu batubara dapat menaikkan nilai CBR (4-18%), dan (5) aktivitas radionuklida setiap parameter kurang dari 1Bq/gram.  Dinyatakan bahwa pencampuran abu batubara pada lapisan tanah dasar (road base) secara teknis dapat memberikan peningkatan kekuatan daya dukung tanah dasar dengan menaikkan hydraulic conductivity dan menurunkan permeabilitas tanah. Pemanfaatan ini (yang mana telah mendapatkan izin sesuai peraturan perundangan yang berlaku) dapat diaplikasikan pada jalan akses di area reklamasi timbunan batuan penutup dengan ketebalan 2.00 meter atau jalan umum di area sekitar Batu Hijau dengan ketebalan 0.50 meter. Komposisi abu batubara yang dicampurkan maksimal 50% dari berat total campuran tanah dasar Keywords: Abu batubara, Limbah B3, pemanfaatan, 3R  ABSTRACT Coal ash utilization (Fly Ash B409 dan Bottom Ash B410) that has been conducted by PT Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara (PTAMNT) in Batu Hijau Mine as cement substitute for concrete production was only be able to absorb 1.7% of the total coal ash produced. PTAMNT’s Coal Power Plant can produce ±1,000 m3 coal ash each month. The purposes of utilizing coal ash as road base material blend are to increase the principal application of hazardous waste 3R internally (up to 100%) and to reduce road maintenance and repair cost by increasing the road base quality. In the early 2018, PTAMNT has started the study to utilize coal ash as a road base material blend and acquired the permit based on The Decree of Minister of Environmental Affairs and Forestry Number SK.337/Menlhk/Setjen/PLB.3/5/2019 dated 13 May 2019. Several tests had been run according to the regulated requirements on Government Regulations Number 101 Year 2014, in which include Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test, Loss on Ignition (LoI), Total Metal Oxide, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratory test with several composition of blend between soil and coal ash, and radionuclide activity test. The result of the given test showed that (1) all TCLP analysis were below the quality standards written on Attachment III and IV PP101 Year 2014, (2) LoI value of 8.4%, (3) total metal oxide (addition of SiO2, Al2O3, dan Fe2O3) value of 66.1% (class C according to ASTM C618012a and SNI 2460:2014), (4) increased CBR value (4-18%) as a result of soil-coal ash blend, (5) radionuclide activity for each parameter is less than 1 Bq/gram. It is stated that coal ash blending on road base material can increase the strength capacity technically by increasing the hydraulic conductivity and reducing soil permeability. This utilization (which already obtained the permit pursuant to prevailing laws and regulations) can be applied on the access road of waste rock dump reclamation with 2,00 meter thickness or primary access road around Batu Hijau with 0.50 meter thickness. The maximum total composition of coal ash is 50% of the total weight of the road base. Keywords: Coal Ash, Hazardous Waste, Utilization, 3R

Research on the Mechanical Performance of the Road Base Materials with Steel Slag Sand

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 676-680
Author(s):  
Fang Xu ◽  
Ming Kai Zhou ◽  
Jian Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Base Materials

The unconfined compressive strength is used to be the valuation index, the mechanical performance of three kinds of new road base material, which are fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (FA-SS for short), lime and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (L-FA-SS for short), cement and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand(C-FA-SS for short), are studied in this paper. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength performance of FA-SS is similar to L-FA-SS, and it can meet the highest strength when the ratio of steel slag to fly ash is 1:1~2:1. When the ratio of fly ash to the steel slag is 10:90, it is good to use cement stabilizing. Comparing the new road base materials with the traditional road base material, the former has better strength performance and economy function advantage.

scholarly journals Compaction Procedures and Associated Environmental Impacts Analysis for Application of Steel Slag in Road Base Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4396
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Yingxue Zou ◽  
Fusong Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Pavement Construction

In recent years, recycling steel slag is receiving growing interest in the road base layer construction field due to its role in alleviating land occupation and resource shortages. However, the mixture compaction and its environmental impact on practical construction sites remain unclear, which may hinder the application of steel slags in road layers. This study investigates the pavement construction of the ‘Baotou-Maoming’ motorway, located in Inner Mongolia, China, analyzing the compaction procedures and assessing the environmental impacts caused by the road base layer containing steel slag. Firstly, mechanical properties and texture appearances of the steel slag aggregates are characterized. Afterwards, the comparative assessments for steel slag and andesite layers compaction are quantified from equivalent CO2 emission and energy consumption aspects, respectively. The results show that the steel slag has a better surface texture than the natural aggregates; physical properties including compactness, flatness and compressive strength comply with the requirements for applying steel slag to a hydraulically bound mixture. Compared to the base layer using andesite aggregates, the compaction vibration period of the course containing steel slags should be reduced to achieve a proper density due to the “hard-to-hard” effect that occurs between the adjacent steel slag particles. Consequently, the additional energy and the equivalent CO2 are generated at 2.67 MJ/m3 and 0.20 kg/m3, respectively.

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