scholarly journals Compaction Procedures and Associated Environmental Impacts Analysis for Application of Steel Slag in Road Base Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4396
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Yingxue Zou ◽  
Fusong Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Pavement Construction

In recent years, recycling steel slag is receiving growing interest in the road base layer construction field due to its role in alleviating land occupation and resource shortages. However, the mixture compaction and its environmental impact on practical construction sites remain unclear, which may hinder the application of steel slags in road layers. This study investigates the pavement construction of the ‘Baotou-Maoming’ motorway, located in Inner Mongolia, China, analyzing the compaction procedures and assessing the environmental impacts caused by the road base layer containing steel slag. Firstly, mechanical properties and texture appearances of the steel slag aggregates are characterized. Afterwards, the comparative assessments for steel slag and andesite layers compaction are quantified from equivalent CO2 emission and energy consumption aspects, respectively. The results show that the steel slag has a better surface texture than the natural aggregates; physical properties including compactness, flatness and compressive strength comply with the requirements for applying steel slag to a hydraulically bound mixture. Compared to the base layer using andesite aggregates, the compaction vibration period of the course containing steel slags should be reduced to achieve a proper density due to the “hard-to-hard” effect that occurs between the adjacent steel slag particles. Consequently, the additional energy and the equivalent CO2 are generated at 2.67 MJ/m3 and 0.20 kg/m3, respectively.

scholarly journals Degradation Prediction Model for Friction of Road Pavements with Natural Aggregates and Steel Slags

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Crisman ◽  
Giulio Ossich ◽  
Paolo Bevilacqua ◽  
Roberto Roberti
Keyword(s):  
Residual Life ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Steel production wastes (steel slags) are used more often in asphalt concrete pavements as a valuable replacement for natural aggregates, which are becoming increasingly rare. In this paper authors investigate the polishing characteristics of aggregates, and in particular of steel slags, used in bituminous road surfacing, are a major factor in determining the resistance to skidding. The main purpose of the study is the identification of a suitable degradation model, based on friction indicators, in the laboratory, as well as the comparison of in-situ pavement skid resistance with the cumulative number of passing vehicles over the years. The model predicts the expected resistance to skidding of the road surface based on the knowledge of the polished stone value (PSV) of the aggregates and the expected traffic on the road. In this study, several types of aggregates were compared: steel slag, limestone, limestone and slag mixture, diabase, Criggion stone and basalt. Using a standard PSV test, it was found that the aggregates did not reach the lower value of skid resistance (equilibrium value). The analysis of the British Portable Number (BPN) data versus polishing time allowed to empirically derive a regression model for each investigated aggregate. Hence, it appears possible to define both an investigatory level and threshold level to predict the actual residual life of the pavement from the examination of skid resistance.

scholarly journals Application of the foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion to the road base mixes in the deep cold recycling technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Anna Chomicz-Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

This paper presents findings of a study concerning the influence of binder type on the mechanical properties of road base in the cold recycling technology. The principal aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mixes in scope of susceptibility to moisture and low-temperatures. In the comparative research foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion were used in four different concentrations (2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%). The materials used in the study were reclaimed from an existing road construction layers: reclaimed aggregate from the road base and reclaimed asphalt pavement obtained by milling the surface and binder course. Portland cement in 2.0% concentration was used as a hydraulic binder. The evaluated parameters were: indirect tensile strengths, tensile strength retained and indirect tensile stiffness modulus at 25 °C. These tests were complemented by an evaluation of susceptibility to moisture and frost according to modified procedures implemented by American researchers: Tunnicliff, Root and Lottman. Moreover, tests for low-temperature cracking were conducted according to Finnish standard. The investigations showed that the use of foamed bitumen for road base layer produced in the cold recycling technology results in better mechanical properties and resistance to moisture and frost compared to using bitumen emulsion. The use of 2.5% of foamed bitumen and 2.0% of Portland cement in the recycled road base allowed to meet the established criteria.

Research on the Mechanical Performance of the Road Base Materials with Steel Slag Sand

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 676-680
Author(s):  
Fang Xu ◽  
Ming Kai Zhou ◽  
Jian Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Base Materials

The unconfined compressive strength is used to be the valuation index, the mechanical performance of three kinds of new road base material, which are fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (FA-SS for short), lime and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (L-FA-SS for short), cement and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand(C-FA-SS for short), are studied in this paper. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength performance of FA-SS is similar to L-FA-SS, and it can meet the highest strength when the ratio of steel slag to fly ash is 1:1~2:1. When the ratio of fly ash to the steel slag is 10:90, it is good to use cement stabilizing. Comparing the new road base materials with the traditional road base material, the former has better strength performance and economy function advantage.

scholarly journals REPLACEMENT OF NATURAL AGGREGATES USED IN ROAD STRUCTURES WITH STEEL SLAG

2021 ◽  
Vol XXVIII (2) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Ion Chiricuta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Modern Technologies

This work facilitates the application of modern technologies for road construction, by using steel slag instead of natural stone aggregates. This procedure will result in a significant decrease in the cost of works (slag, being an industrial waste, is much cheaper than natural aggregate). In the same time, the use of slag aggregates can result in protection of the environment, by eliminating slag storage spaces and by preserving the natural environment (extraction of natural aggregates may disturb groundwater and intensify erosion etc). Marshall stability, flow index and bulk density were determined for both kinds of aggregates, in order to find if the steel slag can safely replace the natural aggregates. By comparing the experimental results obtained for the two kinds of aggregates, it was confirmed the possibility of successfully using of steel slag as a substitute for natural aggregates in the base layer of a road structure.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Biaya Dan Waktu Terhadap Perencanaan Jalan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Bina Marga 1987 Dengan Berbagai Tebal Indek Perkerasan (Studi Kasus : Pada Ruas Jalan Puruk Cahu - Km 50 - Batas Kota Muara Teweh Kabupaten Barito Utara)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Erlin Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Class B ◽  
Implementation Time ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pavement Thickness

Pavement planning is good, because in this way the pavement construction is able to carry the load of vehicles passing on it and spread the load to the layers beneath it, including the subgrade, without causing significant damage to the road construction itself. The purpose of this study is to obtain the most efficient alternative pavement thickness index and to obtain the required cost and time. The results showed that the Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) using the Bina Marga Method = 7.48 and the 1993 AASHTO Method = 10.20 had a difference of 2.72. The difference in Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) resulted in the addition of pavement thickness using the 1993 AASHTO Method. The economical Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) was the ITP Bina Marga Method with a construction cost of Rp 12.7 billion, with savings of Rp 3.8 billion. By determining the pavement thickness at the same base layer = 20 cm, it is found that the type of material is Aggregate Class B, CBR is 80% cheaper than cement + CTRB with savings of Rp 913,991,544, - ~ 1 billion. The time required in implementing the Bina Marga Method is more efficient than the 1993 AASHTO Method with a savings of 44 days, this is due to cement work + CTRB = 15 + 29 = 44 days. While Aggregate Class B, CBR 80% only takes 22 days, thus saving 22 is also due to the larger ITP of the 1993 AASHTO Method so that it requires additional thickness of the base layer under Aggregate Class C, CBR 30% of 22 cm thus increasing the duration of the implementation time by 24 days

scholarly journals Production of Dry Lean Concrete by Sustainable Materials to Use in Road Sub-Base Layer for Rigid Pavement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-757
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Equivalent Material ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Ld Slag ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Natural Aggregates

In the present scenario, due to the rapid demand on the infrastructure projects and consistent dependency over conventional materials have resulted in scarcity of the conventional construction materials and rise in construction costs. By replacing subbase layer of road with Dry lean concrete produced with sustainable materials, cost on the construction can be reduced by 51.4%. The various soil used in this study are red soil, loamy soil and black cotton soil. These soils are brought from different places of Bangalore. These soils are used to totally replace the fine aggregates. The LD slag obtained from JSW steel manufacturing plant from Bellary. To use the steel slag in concrete making process of Low strength Dry Lean Concrete, initial optimization of materials (steel slag) was done with the 7days strength. The most desirable and equivalent material to that of natural aggregates (i.e. steel slag) was found to be at 50% replacement and 100% replacement of coarse aggregate with LD slag. The each batch of concrete is prepared with soil and combination of 100% slag, 50% natural aggregates + 50% LD slag and 100% natural aggregates. The various soils used are red soil, loamy soil and BC soil. These cubes, cylinder and beams are tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexure strength respectively for 7days and 28 days, and water absorption for each specimen of cube is measured at 28 days. It was observed that, strength of concrete produced using red soil, loamy soil are fulfilling the strength requirements of conventional dry lean concrete used as a sub base in rigid pavements. As per IRC: SP: 49-2014, the minimum strength requirement of cubes at 7 days is 7MPa.

Test on the Performance of Road Base-Course Made of Steel Slag and Fly Ash

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 2078-2081
Author(s):  
Zhan You Yan ◽  
Yu Shu ◽  
Jian Qing Bu ◽  
Xiang Guo Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Base Course Material ◽  
Base Course

Fly-ash is an industrial waste burning pulverize coal boilers for thermal power plant and large enterprises, the steel slag is too a residue generated waste in steelmaking industrial processes, the average for every ton steel to produce half ton steel slag, steel slag and fly ash discharge amounts is very big, utilization ratio is very low. At present, a large number of steel slag is used of reclamation work, the remaining items is used rarely and large number is left storage. This paper is introduction steel slag and fly ash to do road base-course material, such can make good use of industry residue waste in large amount to reduce exploitation and cut down natural building stones, it is an application for ecological building materials again. Major study the steel slag and fly ash road features, these tests include materials compaction reality among them, mix design, unconfined compressive strength, split tensile strength, resilient modulus and other commonly used performance. Through comparative analysis, this two materials combination has good use of quality, it has greatly better than other materials such as lime-fly-ash stabilize crushed stone and lime-fly-ash soil and other materials. In particular, it has very good performance to reduce road base-course crack, the material has good resistance shrinkage and temperature shrinkage ability. Therefore, the combination of steel slag and fly ash can be done entirely road base-course and extend the road life.

Use of Coral-Derived Aggregates for Construction of Low-Volume Roads

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Bullen
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Specification Tests ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Pavement Construction

Many tropical island and coastal regions suffer from a paucity of recognized engineering aggregates. In these regions river gravel and old uplifted coral reef formations are often the only economically viable materials. Typically, the coral-derived material most widely available for use is termed coronous material, a land-based uplifted coral reef that may contain an abundance of plastic fines and that is usually easily excavated without the use of explosives. The shortage of traditional aggregates and the availability of the upraised reefs have promoted the study of the use of coral-derived aggregate as an alternative aggregate in pavement engineering works. Although coral-derived materials have been successfully used for pavement construction in the past, traditional engineering tests have generally indicated that it is a substandard product, and material from most pits does not pass typical specification tests. The material properties and the historical use of coronous materials in road construction are summarized, and a draft guide for the use of coronous materials in the road base and subbase for both sealed and unsealed road pavements is provided.

Analysis of Weighting Coefficients of Post-Assessment Indexes for Cold Recycling Engineering of Asphalt Pavement Based on Hierarchy Analytic Procedure

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 1857-1863
Author(s):  
Min Jiang Zhang ◽  
Wen Bo Zhang ◽  
Bao Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Analytic Procedure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Cold Recycling ◽  
Post Assessment

Based on the theory of hierarchy analysis, the post-assessment indexes system of cold recycling technology project have been established, and the hierarchy analytic procedure have been used to determine the weighing coefficients for post-assessment indexes of cold recycling engineering of asphalt pavement, and the weighing values for various levels factors were given for the cold recycling base layer project of highway of Shenyang-Yingkou. Considering the road performance and economic benefit, societal and environmental benefit, the analytic hierarchy procedure (AHP) method can effectively avoid making wrong decisions subjectively and made it more scientific and reasonable to determine the weighing values of post-assessment indexes, and it is an effective method to determine the weighing values for post-assessment indexes of the cold recycling technology project.

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