COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OSSETIAN AND ENGLISH PROVERBS AND SAYINGS IN THE LEXICAL SEMANTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaida Dzodzikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Aspect

scholarly journals RUSSIAN AND SERBIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS: EXPERIENCE OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
V. Dzonic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Given ◽  
Semantic Aspect ◽  
The Russian Language

This paper is devoted to identification of specific characteristics of Russian and Serbian phraseological units. The author considers the phraseological units from structural and semantic aspect and pays special attention to the national and cultural component of the studied units, which cause the greatest difficulties for foreigners. Identification of the given component is carried out by linguocultural analysis of components of phraseologicaly related word combinations. The material of research was comprised based on data from lexicographical dictionaries of Russian and Serbian languages. The phraseological units – toponyms are reviewed as a separate group and are, in the author’s opinion, bearers of rich linguoculturological information. The author identifies three main sources of imagery of these units: characteristics of the geographical position of the object; important historical and cultural events, as well as prominent historical figures, which brought fame to the region; lifestyle and crafts of local residents. The analysis allowed the author to identify specific national and cultural characteristics of a number of Russian and Serbian toponyms. This work is of an applied nature. Results of the study can be used in the teaching the Russian language as second Slavic language.

scholarly journals Lexical-Semantic Analysis of the Adjective Poor in English: Definitions, Synonyms, and Antonyms

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
M. M. Mendesheva
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Aspect ◽  
Hungry Animal

 The article introduces the lexical-semantic aspect of the adjective poor in English, its synonyms, and antonyms. The analysis featured five English dictionaries: Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus, Cobuild Advanced English Dictionary, The Free Dictionary, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, and Merriam-Webster Dictionary. The author analyzed the lexical-semantic variants of the adjective and determined its meanings. The component analysis allocated 46 semes and sememes, which were combined into eight thematic groups: 1. People: (poor) people / a group, poverty, emaciated, not very skilful (in a particular activity), needy, humble, meek; 2. Animal: (hungry) animal; 3. Material means: having, material, possessions, mean, petty / (little) money / insufficient wealth, used of land, barren (land), unproductive (land); 4. Lack / shortage: lacking / deficient; 5. Something material: very little of the substance, (little of a particular) substance, (poor) food; 6. Resources: supply (of something specified – resources, materials), (poor) country; 7. Evaluation: bad / not good, (being of a very low) quality, (being of a very low) quantity, (being of a very low) standard, inferior / very little (in quality), inferior (in value), (less) amount, (less) rate, (less) number, little / few, (in bad) condition, not normal, less (than adequate) / scanty / inadequate, negative, small (in worth), quality; 8. Emotional attitude: exciting , pity, (deserving) sympathy, unlucky, disappointing , disagreeable, indifferent, unfavorable, no pleasure. The adjective poor appeared to have 37 synonyms and 13 antonyms.

scholarly journals The Problem Of The Study Of The Lexical-Semantic Field Of “Time” In Linguistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Shorasulova Arofat Ibroxim Qizi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Temporal Space

This scientific work analyzes the objective, subjective signs of time and their ways of expression: lexical and phraseological units in the temporal space, their place, scope, lexical units of time in the Uzbek language. There has been a great deal of research in the field of lexical semantics in linguistics, and scholars differ on this point. It is well known that in linguistics, the theory of the lexical-semantic field has been studied within one language, two languages, and based on comparative analysis.

scholarly journals Autoritõlke teoreetilisest ja praktilisest väärtusest Jaan Kaplinski luuletuse "Valgus ei saagi vanaks" näitel / On the theoretical and practical significance of self-translation on the example of Jaan Kaplinski's poem "Light Does Not Get Old"

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Velmezova
Keyword(s):  
Language Translation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Semantic Aspect

Artikkel annab ülevaate, kuidas on tõlketeoorias käsitletud autoritõlget − kirjandusteose tõlget teise keelde, mille on teinud selle autor ise. Lähemalt vaadeldakse ühte leksikaal-semantilist aspekti Jaan Kaplinski luuletuse „Valgus ei saagi vanaks” (1984) autoritõlkes vene keelde. Autoritõlkes esinevad kõrvalekalded originaaltekstist võimaldavad lülitada tõlgitud teksti Jaan Kaplinski luuleloomingu laiemasse konteksti. Järeldusena rõhutatakse autoritõlke ja selle analüüsi väärtuse kahte tahku: see aitab kaasa nii tõlgitud teksti kui ka sama autori teoste laiema konteksti paremale mõistmisele, samuti selle autori tekstide tulevaste tõlgete suuremale adekvaatsusele.   The notion of self-translation (or translation by the author) is yet to be elaborated in translation studies. There are several reasons for this: in addition to the fact that, in spite of the apparent simplicity and obviousness of this concept, no established definition of self-translation exists that most researchers could rely upon, there is not much material for study as authors themselves do not often translate their own texts into other languages. Hence the immediate interest of cases of self-translation for researchers – indeed, there are many more studies devoted to analyses of specific cases of self-translation than there are general theoretical considerations concerning self-translation as such. There may also be a terminological confusion of several orders at once: should we consider a text translated by the author into another language as a translation (a kind of “ideal way” to recreate the original text in another language, because no one can know the original better than its author) or as a completely new text? In the latter case, the concept of literary bilingualism may be superimposed on the concept of self-translation. However, it is not the same thing: in the case of self-translation, there is an original text which is subsequently reproduced in another language; in the case of literary bilingualism there no such source text exists. One of the very few “classic” scholars of translation studies who wrote about self-translation was Aleksandr Finkel (1899−1968). Finkel noted that the translator and the translator-author face the same tasks and difficulties, but emphasised that in the case of self-translation, the resolution of these difficulties takes on a slightly different character. As the article shows, one can speak not only about the different manners of resolving the tasks and difficulties of translation when it is carried out by the author, but also about the particular value of self-translation and its importance for text analysis. In the light of some scholarly reflections on the notion of self-translation, the article discusses the lexical-semantic aspect of Jaan Kaplinski’s translation of his own poem “Valgus ei saagi vanaks” (“Light Does Not Get Old”, from the 1984 poetry collection Tule tagasi helmemänd [Come Back, Amber Pine]) into Russian. Kaplinski’s translation deviates significantly from the original text. Describing this translation in terms of its “deforming tendencies”, as they are formulated within the framework of Antoine Berman’s theory, the main changes in the Russian-language translation of this text in comparison with its Estonian-language original can be described as follows: (1) “ennoblement”, (2) “the destruction of underlying networks of signification” and (3) “clarification”. Deviations from the original text in Kaplinski’s self-translation that fall under the category of the third, “clarifying”, tendency, when the translator “clarifies” to the reader what may seem less than clear in the original, allow for an analysis of the poem that connects the lexical-semantic concept of “light” to the concept “(little) baby”. The lexical-semantic connecting of these two concepts, while absent from the original text, makes it possible to locate the translated text in the wider context of Kaplinski’s poetry. This connection is present in at least one more poem from Come Back, Amber Pine: “Mu laps äkki unustab nälja” (“My Child Suddenly Forgets About Hunger”). It makes sense, therefore, to preserve, and even strengthen, this connection when translating the text of “My Child Suddenly Forgets About Hunger”, into Russian, by translating the Estonian word laps not with the Russian rebenok (‘child’), but with the word malysh (‘baby, small child’). On the other hand, the importance of the lexical-semantic connection between “light” and “life” (newborn, baby, child – new life) in Kaplinski’s poems attracted almost immediate attention after the publication of Come Back, Amber Pine; for example, this is reflected in one of the first reviews of the book by Sirje Kiin. The article emphasises the importance of self-translation and its study in two ways. Firstly, self-translation can make explicit what was not obvious in the original text, thereby making it possible to fit the translated text into a wider context of the works by the same author, illuminating the implicit semantic connections present in the text, and thereby contributing to a better understanding of the original. Thus, the question of whether or not to apply certain concepts elaborated within the framework of translation studies (in particular, Berman’s concept of “deforming tendencies”) to the analysis of self-translations remains open. Secondly, analysing cases of self-translation makes it possible to produce more adequate future translations of other texts written by the same author.

scholarly journals Verbs of Light in Russian and French: Lexical-Semantic Classification and Grammatical Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-277
Author(s):  
Zh. Yu. Polezhaeva ◽  
T. G. Pismak
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
French Language ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Russian Language

This article deals with the lexical-semantic group of verbs that denote light in Russian and French. The authors compared their lexical-semantic classifications, characteristics, and grammatical parameters. The research involved the method of continuous sampling, lexical systematization, and component analysis. The paper introduces lexical-semantic subgroups of Russian and French verbs of light with their nucleus and periphery. A comparative analysis revealed some aspectual differences: Russian and French demonstrated different means of expressing some meanings and modes of action. The Russian language is synthetic and expresses these meanings lexematically. In the French language, which is analytical, these grammatical meanings do not always find their expression at the level of a single lexeme. The context and tense forms appeared to play an important role, and the verbs of light proved to be more numerous in Russian than in French. Despite the differences, the proposed classification of verbs of light turned out to be universal for both languages.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the verbs of intensive movement on the example of English and Chuvash languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ignateva ◽  
Irina Alekseevna Myasnikova Irina Alekseevna
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Comparative Examination

This article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of English and Chuvash verbs of intensive movements that comprise a separate lexical-semantic group in these languages. Relevance of this work is defined by the fact that there are relatively small amount of research on the comparative examination of verbs of movement in English and Chuvash languages, although they refer to one of the richest and diverse semantic groups within the verb as part of speech. An attempt is made to analyzes the words attributed to lexical-semantic group of intensive movement of a subject in space, establish semantic relations between the indicated units. The applied interlinguistic method allowed revealing a number of common and distinct features that are not evident in intralinguistic analysis. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that systemic examination of the group of verbs of intensive movement, which are united semantically, was conducted by comparison of linguistic means of multi-structural languages, namely English and Chuvash. The authors assume that the acquires results would contribute to better command of foreign languages, as well as more in-depth and comprehensive studying of the native language, as well as provide essential material for literary translation, formation and development of speech culture.  

scholarly journals LEXICOGRAPHIC SOURCES IN THE PERIOD OF NEW POLAND

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
N. TORCHYNSKA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Card Index ◽  
Forming Characteristics ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Village

In the article the surnames of the village Bozhykivtsi are analyzes. At the same time, it is indicated that today significant successes have been in general achieved in the study of anthroponymic heritage of Ukraine, in particular, the surnames of Hutsul region (B. B. Blyzniuk), Boykivshchyna (G. E. Buchko), Lubenshchyna (L. O. Kravchenko), Opillya (H. D. Panchuk), Upper Transnistria (I. D. Farion), etc. The purpose of our research is to analyze the anthroponyms of the village of Bozhykivtsi and to carry out their lexical-semantic and word-forming characteristics on three time periods (1855, 1946 – 1949 and 1986 – 1990), to show the changes in the composition on the basis of a comparative analysis of the surnames. The funds of archives were the sources of the study of surnames, as a result of which a card index was compiled. The material for the study was 649 surnames. The word-forming-structural analysis of surnames of the village of Bozhykivtsi allowed to distinguish morphological and lexical-semantic formations. Anthropo unitst of the village Bozhikivtsi that has been formed by the lexico-semantic way are motivated by: 1) onymic vocabulary: a) surname, corresponding to the personal name; b) surnames corresponding to toponyms; 2) appellate vocabulary: a) surnames related to nouns: non-derivatives and derivatives; b) surnames related to composites; c) surnames related to adjectives. The morphological way of creating anthroponyms is represented only by suffixation. Surnames are formed with the help of patronymics (-евич / -ович, -ич), polyfunctional (-енк-о, -ук / -’ук, -чук, -ик, -ськ-ий / -цьк-ий, -ак / -’ак, -чак, -к-о, -ець, -ан/-’ан, -унь, -л-о, -ій, -ок, -ач), possessive (-ов / -ев / -єв / -ів , -ин / -ін) formants. Thus, it has been established that 44% of the surnames of the first period are preserved in the third time period, so 56% of anthroponyms are new, which is primarily due to the migration of the inhabitants. It was found that at all stages, more names motivated by appeals, less – proper names. Anthroponyms with uncertaine semantics consist 2-3%. Lexical-semantic formations dominated in the first time period, and the morphological one in the second and third periods. The most productive forms wereук/-’ук/-чук, -ськ/-цьк.

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