Incorporating Public Participation into Landslide Risk Information and Response: Disaster Response Switch in the Taisho District of Shimanto-cho, Kochi, Japan

After any disaster that happens, whether natural or war, all governments and organizations accelerate to respond at all levels, humanitarian and others, to restore the damage. If this disaster is huge, it will result in a great change so that what comes after it does not resemble what it was before. In this study, it will be discussed how to respond effectively and how local and foreign authorities can cooperate to achieve the required response. Measuring the effectiveness of disaster response is not by the speed of this response, despite its importance, but the nature of intervention and its effects on the lives of people. It’s important to measure whether this intervention leads to the strengthening of urban aspects and increases the public participation and whether it gives stability to the city and population or not, and to what extent this intervention defines the future of this city in general.

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TRUST AND NETWORKS IN CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRETEGIES: EXPERIENCE OF ACEH AND YOGYAKARTA IN EARTHQUAKE INTERVENTION

WELFARE : Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial ◽

10.14421/welfare.2018.071-01 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ulil Absor

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Social Capital ◽

Public Participation ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Conflict Of Interest ◽

Disaster Response ◽

Lessons Learnt ◽

High Participation

AbstractIndonesia is one of the most disaster-prone countries where 1,782 disasters occurred between 2002 and 2007. The devastating impacts of the disasters, particularly the earthquake in Aceh and Yogyakarta, attracted public participation from various institutions. The high participation of the institutions to some extent caused program ineffectiveness as many of those institutions have overlapping roles and fight over funding and beneficiaries. This paper will critically examine why networking is important in climate change adaptation based on the lessons learnt of disaster response in Aceh and Yogyakarta earthquake. This paper argues that the participation of stakeholders needs an effective networking. Networks are certainly becoming necessary in disaster intervention to avoid overlapping roles and conflict of interest between institutions involved in disaster response. Networks in community levels also become social capital that increases community’s resilience upon disaster. Keywords: disaster, intervention, social capital

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Synergistic Integration of Detailed Meteorological and Community Information for Evacuation from Weather-Related Disasters: Proposal of a “Disaster Response Switch”

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science ◽

10.1007/s13753-020-00317-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 762-775

Author(s):

Kensuke Takenouchi ◽

Katsuya Yamori

Keyword(s):

Disaster Response ◽

Local Level ◽

Management Tool ◽

Disaster Prevention ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Forecasting Models ◽

Response Switch ◽

Disaster Information ◽

Types Of Information

AbstractMeteorological information used for disaster prevention has developed rapidly in terms of both type and specificity. The latest forecasting models can predict weather with very high resolutions that can characterize disaster risk at the local level. However, this development can lead to an overdependency on the information and a wait-and-see attitude by the public. At the same time, residents share and use various types of information for disaster response, such as local conditions, in addition to official disaster information. Our research in Japan verified the practicality and efficiency of synergistically integrating these types of information by examining actual evacuation cases. The current numerical forecasting models sufficiently identify locality from the viewpoint of various administrative scales such as prefectures, municipalities, and school districts, but the improvements to these models have failed to improve residents’ judgment in successful evacuation cases. We therefore analyzed the relationship between meteorological information and residents’ disaster response and confirmed that they were strongly correlated and were contributing factors in preventing disasters. We revealed differences between a community’s disaster prevention culture and the disaster information provided. This led us to propose a new concept in community disaster prevention that we call the “disaster response switch,” which can serve as a data-driven risk management tool for communities when used in combination with advanced meteorological disaster information.

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Public Participatory Risk Mapping for Community-Based Urban Disaster Mitigation

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4609 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 380-384 ◽

pp. 4609-4613 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Li Jing ◽

Xue Mei Liu ◽

Liu Gang

Keyword(s):

Public Participation ◽

Risk Information ◽

Gansu Province ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

Capital City ◽

Prototype System ◽

Risk Map ◽

Community Based ◽

Crisis Events

As crises happen more frequently and in bigger magnitudes in urban communities, disaster prevention and disaster mitigation become increasingly more important. One useful preventive measure is for community members to report relevant risk information before an actual crisis occurs. This paper presents a Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) system called Collaborative Risk Map System (CRMS), which is community based and through which local residents can report risk information of crisis events and share the information in disaster mitigation. Although the Internet and mobile phones are the preferred methods for public participation due to their convenience and ease of use, the feedback information needs to be filtered before usage, so we designed a credibility model to filter out the mendacious information. A risk model of crisis events is also proposed which transformed the static pre-planning to dynamic and timely risk map as a result of public participation. The risk state of the community and reliable risk feedback is displayed on the map using Oracle Spatial technology so that public can see the risk information visually. Through the analysis of risk information, the community can directly access reliable risk information easily and can prepare for it immediately. Most importantly, decision-makers can get the most up-to-date risk information and do more accurate risk analysis so as to make better informed decisions. We demonstrate the prototype system by selecting 20 places to be a community in Chengguan district in Lanzhou, the capital city in Gansu Province, China and selecting fire risk to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency.

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ICT and Disaster Management

International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age ◽

10.4018/ijpada.2017070103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 29-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vikas

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Public Participation ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Disaster Response ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

System Calls ◽

Response And Recovery ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

Media Integration

ICT-mediated public administration is a governance motive in this digital age. Government of India has embarked upon Digital India and Smart Cities Mission to reform public service delivery and governance in the country. However, the recent Chennai floods and the serious inadequacy of official emergency response system calls in question the ability of government to deliver when it is most needed. Public participation is an avowed objective of all government programmes including the development of smart cities or a digitally empowered India. Chennai Floods and the ensuing people-led disaster response and recovery presents a case where voluntary efforts steered disaster management through use of social media as official mechanisms failed. Based on secondary sources, this paper discusses the social media use in Chennai floods disaster and deduces observations for effective social media integration and public participation in governance through proactive government-led intervention.

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ICT and Disaster Management

Emergency and Disaster Management ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-6195-8.ch047 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1023-1036

Author(s):

Vikas

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Public Participation ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Disaster Response ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Emergency Response System ◽

System Calls ◽

Response And Recovery ◽

Use Of Social Media

ICT-mediated public administration is a governance motive in this digital age. Government of India has embarked upon Digital India and Smart Cities Mission to reform public service delivery and governance in the country. However, the recent Chennai floods and the serious inadequacy of official emergency response system calls in question the ability of government to deliver when it is most needed. Public participation is an avowed objective of all government programmes including the development of smart cities or a digitally empowered India. Chennai Floods and the ensuing people-led disaster response and recovery presents a case where voluntary efforts steered disaster management through use of social media as official mechanisms failed. Based on secondary sources, this paper discusses the social media use in Chennai floods disaster and deduces observations for effective social media integration and public participation in governance through proactive government-led intervention.

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Generation of Risk Information Based on Comprehensive Real-Time Analysis of Flooding and Landslide Disaster Occurrence Hazard and Social Vulnerability

Journal of Disaster Research ◽

10.20965/jdr.2020.p0676 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 676-687

Author(s):

Hiroaki Sano ◽

◽

Yuichiro Usuda ◽

Ichiro Iwai ◽

Hitoshi Taguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Social Vulnerability ◽

Disaster Response ◽

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Information Dissemination ◽

Risk Information ◽

Risk Level ◽

Real Time Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Response Measures

It is important to discern in real time the risk level of rain-related disasters such as floods and landslides in order to maintain readiness against heavy-rainfall disasters and to decide on the suitable response measures. In this study, we developed an information processing technology that employs hazard information which indicates the risk of inundation or landslides. It also presents indices of social vulnerability and applies the spatial resolution functions of a geographic information system (GIS) to extract in real time the highly exposed and vulnerable areas that are faced with an increased risk of flooding or landslides. The technology’s validity was verified using a case study – namely, the heavy rainfall that accompanied a pressure front in August, 2019. The results show that, with respect to flood risks, we were able to extract in real time specific areas where flooding may be taking place, thus demonstrating the possibility of applying the technology to decide priorities in disaster response measures. Future issues are related to information dissemination, including the specific labeling and expressions that are easy for the user to understand as well as improving the user interface so as to facilitate delivery of relevant risk information in real time.

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