RELIABILITY OF 3D MODELLING OF THE PB AND MAIN METALS CONTENT IN THE SIEROSZOWICE CU-AG ORE DEPOSIT (LUBIN-GŁOGÓW COPPER DISTRICT)

The paper attempts to evaluate the possibility of reliable 3D modelling of lead content against the reliability of 3D modelling of Cu and Ag (main metals in the Sieroszowice Cu-Ag deposit) contents. The 3D modelling of the content of these elements was performed using interpolation (ordinary kriging in two variants, and squared inverse distance weighting) and simulation methods (Turning Bands Simulation). The assessment of the accuracy of estimates of metal contents determined from the 3D model, based on both spot samples and a training set, has shown that the estimated contents of Cu and Ag are acceptable for geological and mining applications (medians of estimation errors in the order of 40%), while the reliability of the Pb model is low (medians of estimation errors in the order of 70%). This is due to the unfavourable statistical features of the majority of the accompanying elements and, in particular, the highly asymmetric probability distributions, their high variability, the presence of numerous anomalous values, and the much lower density of the sampling network in the mining excavations when determining accompanying elements other than Cu. In general, the calculated medians of interpolation errors for the four methods do not allow determining the one providing (in each case) higher accuracy when assessing the content of the elements.

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Dendrochronology as a source of data for landslide activity maps – an example from Beskid Żywiecki Mountains (Western Carpathians, Poland)

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies ◽

10.1515/environ-2017-0015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 40-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katarzyna Łuszczyńska ◽

Małgorzata Wistuba ◽

Ireneusz Malik

Keyword(s):

Sampling Site ◽

Abies Alba ◽

Western Carpathians ◽

Landslide Activity ◽

Level Of Activity ◽

Distance Weighting ◽

Hazard And Risk ◽

The One ◽

Landslide Slope ◽

Inverse Distance

AbstractWe applied dendrochronological methods for dating landslide activity in the study area (3.75 km2), on the slopes of Sucha Mountain (1040 m a.s.l.), in the Beskid Żywiecki Mountains, in the Western Carpathians. 46 sampling sites were distributed throughout the study area. At each site we sampled 1-3 coniferous trees: Norway spruces (Picea abies Karst.) and/or silver firs (Abies alba Mill.). From each tree 2 cores were sampled: one from the upslope and the other from the downslope side of the stem. Based on tree-ring widths measured for opposite sides of stems we have calculated eccentricity index values and dated past landslide events. Mean frequency of landslides was obtained for each sampling site. Finally, the data was interpolated into a map of landslide activity. Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation has been applied. For most of the study area we found medium (19 sites) and low (23 sites) levels of landslide activity. The highest level of activity was recorded for the largest landslide slope and for the one small landslide. The study conducted on Sucha Mountain has shown that dendrochronology can be an effective method for analysing landslide activity and may be useful in further studies, including those for landslide hazard and risk assessments.

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Aplication of IDW and RBF methods to develop models of temperature distribution within a spoil tip located in Wojkowice, Poland

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies ◽

10.2478/environ-2018-0005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Adrian Zarychta ◽

Roksana Zarychta

Keyword(s):

Temperature Distribution ◽

3D Model ◽

Thermal State ◽

Mine Waste ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

Spoil Heap ◽

Distance Weighting ◽

Inverse Distance

AbstractThis article describes two methods of showing the distribution of temperature on the surface and inside a spoil tip (coal mine waste dump) located in Wojkowice (in the Silesian Voivodeship). Two deterministic estimation methods were tested, i.e., Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Radial Basis Functions (RBF). According to isotherm maps the highest temperature on the surface of the “Wojkowice” spoil tip was in the NE area, while inside the heap the highest temperature noted was in the SW area. Better results were obtained from the application of the RBF method. A three-dimensional model (3D model) was generated by the method, which visualized the temperature distribution within the “Wojkowice” spoil tip. According to the 3D model of the temperature distribution the greatest heat centre inside the heap in Wojkowice was located in the SW part with a temperature of around 300°C. As a result, it can be concluded that the material of the “Wojkowice” spoil tip is burning out in a NW direction. On the basis of the model obtained it is possible to determine the location of potentially dangerous places which are exposed to possible deformations caused by the material burning under the surface. The results of the research presented make it possible to assess the thermal state of the spoil heap located in Wojkowice, Poland.

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Inverse Distance Weight Spatial Interpolation for Topographic Surface 3D Modelling

TECHSI - Jurnal Teknik Informatika ◽

10.29103/techsi.v11i3.1934 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Mulkal Razali ◽

Risa Wandi

Keyword(s):

Spatial Interpolation ◽

3D Model ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Linear Interpolation ◽

3D Modelling ◽

Surface Model ◽

Road Planning ◽

Land Survey ◽

Triangular Irregular Network ◽

Inverse Distance

AbstractTopographic modelling is an important aspect in engineering work and planning such as dam design, road planning, volumetric calculation, water flow analysis and so forth. To get topographic data, usually a land survey or topographic measurement is taking for a region or an area under study. A number of points that represent an area are measured to get a height dataset. The dataset which is consist of height points will be used to model topographic condition of the area with generating contour map and also 3D model. There are some methods can be used to generate topographic surface in 3D model like linear interpolation in Triangular Irregular Network (TIN), Kriging and Inverse Distance Weight (IDW). This research implemented IDW spatial interpolation algorithm to model earth surface or topographic model in 3D. The IDW method was implemented in Python programming language using Numpy library for computation and Plotly graphic library to visualize the 3D Model. Using 2500 and 10000 interpolation points with 100 random sampling points that extracted from Digital Surface Model (DSM), IDW was successfully estimated the height at unsampled locations. The results show, more higher interpolation point number will produce more detail surface texture. Keywords : IDW, Topographic, 3D Modelling

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CASSION 012M - 133 -006 PANEL SERVICE PLATFORM CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY DESIGN AND ENGINEERING

Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Июль 2020) ◽

10.37539/vt186.2020.39.74.016 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ольга Валентиновна Кузнецова ◽

Варвара Геннадьевна Кузнецова

Keyword(s):

3D Model ◽

3D Modelling ◽

Network Graph ◽

Technology Design ◽

Service Platform ◽

Ship Structure ◽

Welding Technology ◽

Work Duration

В статье рассматривается процесс проектирования, 3D-моделирования, технологии сборки и сварки плоской судовой конструкции. Была создана 3D-модель секции, которая стала основой для ассоциативного чертежа. На основе действующих нормативных актов разработана технология сборки и сварки, рассчитана продолжительность и трудоемкость, построен сетевой график, описывающий процессы производства. The article presents the process of engineering, 3D-modelling, assembling and welding technology of a flat ship structure. A 3D-model of a section was created, which the associative drawing was based on. After the assembling and welding technology was designed according to the regulations and standards, the work duration and activity content was calculated. The network graph was plotted to illustrate the course of production.

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A simple approximation for inverse distance with application to the one‐center and two‐center Coulomb integrals

The Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1063/1.449258 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 2616-2618 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Noor Mohammad

Keyword(s):

Simple Approximation ◽

The One ◽

Coulomb Integrals ◽

Inverse Distance

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A Multimethod Analysis for Average Annual Precipitation Mapping in the Khorasan Razavi Province (Northeastern Iran)

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12050592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 592

Author(s):

Mehdi Aalijahan ◽

Azra Khosravichenar

Keyword(s):

Regional Planning ◽

Interpolation Method ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Rain Gauge ◽

Annual Precipitation ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Distance Weighting ◽

Average Annual Precipitation ◽

Inverse Distance

The spatial distribution of precipitation is one of the most important climatic variables used in geographic and environmental studies. However, when there is a lack of full coverage of meteorological stations, precipitation estimations are necessary to interpolate precipitation for larger areas. The purpose of this research was to find the best interpolation method for precipitation mapping in the partly densely populated Khorasan Razavi province of northeastern Iran. To achieve this, we compared five methods by applying average precipitation data from 97 rain gauge stations in that province for a period of 20 years (1994–2014): Inverse Distance Weighting, Radial Basis Functions (Completely Regularized Spline, Spline with Tension, Multiquadric, Inverse Multiquadric, Thin Plate Spline), Kriging (Simple, Ordinary, Universal), Co-Kriging (Simple, Ordinary, Universal) with an auxiliary elevation parameter, and non-linear Regression. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Coefficient of Determination (R2) were used to determine the best-performing method of precipitation interpolation. Our study shows that Ordinary Co-Kriging with an auxiliary elevation parameter was the best method for determining the distribution of annual precipitation for this region, showing the highest coefficient of determination of 0.46% between estimated and observed values. Therefore, the application of this method of precipitation mapping would form a mandatory base for regional planning and policy making in the arid to semi-arid Khorasan Razavi province during the future.

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Spatial Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Farmland in a Hilly Region of the Pearl River Delta in China Based on Geostatistics and the Inverse Distance Weighting Method

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11010050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Rumi Wang ◽

Runyan Zou ◽

Jianmei Liu ◽

Luo Liu ◽

Yueming Hu

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Pearl River Delta ◽

Pearl River ◽

Weighting Method ◽

Farmland Protection ◽

The Pearl River Delta ◽

Hilly Region ◽

Distance Weighting ◽

The Pearl River ◽

Inverse Distance

Soil nutrients are essential factors that reflect farmland quality. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential elements for plants, while silicon is considered a “quasi-essential” element. This study investigated the spatial distribution of plant nutrients in soil in a hilly region of the Pearl River Delta in China. A total of 201 soil samples were collected from farmland topsoil (0–20 cm) for the analysis of total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and available silicon (ASi). The coefficients of variation ranged from 47.88% to 76.91%. The NSRs of TN, AP, AK, and ASi were 0.15, 0. 07, 0.12, and 0.13, respectively. The NSRs varied from 0.02 to 0.20. All variables exhibited weak spatial dependence (R2 < 0.5), except for TN (R2 = 0.701). After comparing the prediction accuracy of the different methods, we used the inverse distance weighting method to analyze the spatial distribution of plant nutrients in soil. The uniform spatial distribution of AK, TN overall showed a trend of increasing from northeast to southwest, and the overall spatial distribution of AP and ASi showed that the northeast was higher than the southwest. This study provides support for the delimitation of basic farmland protection areas, the formulation of land use spatial planning, and the formulation of accurate farmland protection policies.

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Comparison of Different Interpolation Methods for Prediction of Soil Salinity in Arid Irrigation Region in Northern China

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081535 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1535

Author(s):

Tonggang Fu ◽

Hui Gao ◽

Jintong Liu

Keyword(s):

Soil Salinity ◽

Subsurface Layer ◽

Salt Content ◽

Spatial Prediction ◽

Northern China ◽

Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽

Interpolation Methods ◽

Distance Weighting ◽

Total Salt Content ◽

Inverse Distance

Numerous methods have been used in the spatial prediction of soil salinity. However, the most suitable method is still unknown in arid irrigation regions. In this paper, 78 locations were sampled in salt-affected land caused by irrigation in an arid area in northern China. The geostatistical characteristics of the soil pH, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Total Salt Content (TSC), and Soil Organic Matter (SOM) of the surface (0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm) layers were analyzed. The abilities of the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Ordinary Kriging (OK), and CoKriging (CK) interpolation methods were compared, and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was used to justify the results of the methods. The results showed that the spatial distributions of the soil properties obtained using the different interpolation methods were similar. However, the surface layer exhibits more spatial heterogeneity than the subsurface layer. Based on the RSME, the nugget/sill value and range significantly affected which method was the most suitable. Lower nugget/sill values and lower ranges can be fitted using the IDW method, but higher nugget/sill values and higher ranges can be fitted using the OK method. These results provide a valuable reference for the prediction of soil salinity.

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