EXPERIENCE OF TRANSFORMATION OF NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS USE IN GEORGIA

Author(s):  
Vakhtang Burduli ◽  
Ramaz Abesadze

The article analyzes and systematizes the main trends in the transformation of national innovation systems (NIS) in some developed countries. The main aspects of the NIS development experience in France and South Korea are revealed. Based on the study and structuring of the mechanisms that ensure the innovative development of these countries, it is proposed to borrow and engage in Georgia a number of components of the economic mechanism used in these countries, which will ensure the effective innovative development of its economy.

Author(s):  
Anatoliy B. Yaroshchuk ◽  

The article considers the current and future systems for assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system as a factor in improving the economic security of the state, the author develops a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system. The cyclical development of the world economy in the conditions of globalization is connected, first of all, with the change of technological structures, as well as with the provision of competitiveness for all levels of economic management. In the domestic and foreign economic literature, there is an idea of the national innovation system, which covers all types of economic objects in the country with innovations, increasing their competitiveness, and, thus, the national economy as a whole, and also directly affects the increase in the level of economic security of the country. Most developed countries and many developing countries have already established or are in the process of establishing their national innovation systems, built either on the basis of models already known and tested in other countries, or new, unique models for building innovation systems. The differences between these models of creation of national innovation systems of different countries are, both in the levels of economic objects, which are the basis of innovative breakthrough, and in the degree of use of public resources: "centralized model", based on public resources, or "market model", or a mixed model of "public-private partnership". These issues are the basis for consideration of the presented article. The methodological basis for writing the article was modern scientific research methods, including: dialectical method, method of system analysis, methods of analogy, comparative analysis, expert methods, structural-functional and normative approaches.


2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Oleksandr P. Kirdan ◽  
Olena A. Harnyk ◽  
Anatolii L. Berzhanir

Purpose of the research. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the basic theoretical provisions of the formation of labor motivation and methodological approaches to its complex assessment at the stage of innovative changes in the economy. Methodology. In the course of the research general theoretical methods were used: dialectical for knowledge of economic processes; systematic and institutional approaches for the implementation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions in determining the components of the system of labor motivation and factors of its development, to assess the experience of developed countries in the construction of a system of labor motivation in the conditions of an innovative model of the economy. Results. The essence and peculiarities of formation of the mechanism of labor motivation in the conditions of innovative development are investigated in the article. The system of methods, which application will increase the level of motivation of employees, is distinguished. The necessity of objective evaluation of the effectiveness of methods of work motivation and the system of work motivation using quantitative and qualitative indicators is proved. Practical meaning. The proposed methodology of comprehensive evaluation of the system of labor motivation can be used in the formation and improvement of the system of labor motivation, taking into account the peculiarities of innovative development of the economy and the innovative direction of the activities of economic entities. Prospects for further research. The prospect of further research should be to improve the socio-economic mechanism of labor motivation in the conditions of formation of an innovative model of economy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Eun Sun Kim ◽  
Kuk Jin Bae ◽  
Jeongeun Byun

This study is a starting point to analyze South Korean national innovation systems (KNIS) using big data and provide insights for policy makers regarding how they implement the dynamic process of innovation systems. It examines KNIS that has developed over the past 14 years from 2003 to 2016 during the governments of Roh Moo-hyun, Lee Myung-bak, and Park Geun-hye. The aim of this study is to evaluate the KNIS in three ways. The first way is to analyze the NIS of the three governments based on data of 470,000 national research and development (R&D) projects, following which the second way is to compare innovative outcomes of the three governments. The last way is to figure out the characteristics of the KNIS in innovative performance. Our analysis reveals that the KNIS was developed and evolved from 2003 to 2008, maintained until 2012, and gradually declined, even though national R&D investment increased for 14 years. Empirical evidence highlights that policies implemented for more than a decade do not effectively link to economic outcomes, resulting in an imbalance between innovation input and innovation output. This study further argues that the use of NIS concept in South Korea seems to be skewed towards measuring national performance from a narrower perspective.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10208
Author(s):  
Jong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Yong-Gil Lee

In recent years, innovation of alternative energy technologies to manage climate change has become an important goal worldwide. South Korea has been focusing on the innovation of alternative energy technologies through its investments and innovation systematic capabilities. This study quantitatively examines the effect of national innovation systems that are designed to improve the performance of innovation. To do so, this study analyzes the effects of financial support from the national research and development (R&D) project, and collaborations between institutions regarding the national innovation systems on patent performance based on citation count, which is a useful indicator of patent quality. Specifically, this study analyzes the effects of financial support from the national R&D project, as well as collaborations between universities, industries, and the government regarding patent performance using the patent data of South Korea. These data were used in congruence with a hurdle negative binomial model, using data from 2010 to 2017. Consequently, this study establishes that financial supports from national R&D project are generally inefficient. The relational aspects of the South Korean innovation systems are also generally inefficient, while collaborations between universities and industries contribute toward improving the performance of alternative energy patents.


Author(s):  
Igor Gusarov ◽  

The development of their national innovation systems has an important impact on increasing the competitiveness of countries in the global economy. The study revealed the insignificant role of universities in the creation and implementation of national innovation systems of the BRICS countries. At the same time, the leading role of the state in this process was revealed. An analysis of the innovative development of the BRICS countries made it possible to determine the main elements of its potential: state, scientific, production and financial potential. The analysis made it possible to identify important problems of the innovative development of the BRICS countries, as well as to determine the main directions for solving the problems associated with the coronavirus pandemic.


2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 124742
Author(s):  
Rosa Livia Gonçalves Montenegro ◽  
Leonardo Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Gustavo Britto

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