scholarly journals PRINCE STANISŁAW PONIATOWSKI: EXPERT ON AND COLLECTOR OF ANCIENT AND ITALIAN ART

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bender
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Current State ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research

The current state of research into the patronage and collecting activities of Prince Stanisław Poniatowski (1754–1833) in Italy with which he was connected for almost 40 years of his life is outlined. Over the period, the Prince made 3 long trips there which preceded 30 years of living in Italy on a permanent basis, first in Rome, and then in Florence where he was buried. Despite his many accomplishments and extraordinary personal history, the Prince has not taken as prominent a position either in academic research or in the collective memory of Poles as his junior cousin Prince Józef who drowned in the Elster River giving his life for the homeland. Although no monograph has as yet been published on Stanisław Poniatowski, he is not entirely forgotten. However, the major studies dedicated to him were published a relatively long time ago. The most extensive, i.e. the book I Poniatowski a Roma (Firenze 1972), speaking of the history of Prince Stanisław and the Poniatowski family, was written by the Italian writer and columnist Andrea Busiri Vici and has never been translated into Polish. As the current state of research shows, very few Polish art historians have taken any in depth interest in the Prince’s activity. Apart from the mentions scattered in different studies, there are merely four articles dealing with some selected aspects of the Prince’s patronage and collecting activity (by Janina Michałkowa, Elżbieta Budzińska, Tadeusz Jaroszewski, Dominika Wronikowska). Historically the most complete study dedicated to Prince Stanisław is to be found in Jerzy Michalski’s paper from 50 years ago published in the Polish Biographical Dictionary. The to-date Polish and foreign publications in history, history of art and archaeology do not exhaust many issues related to the person, activity, and the collecting passion of Prince Stanisław.

ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Andriyanova ◽  
Aslanli Aslanli ◽  
Nataliya Basova ◽  
Viktor Bykov ◽  
Sergey Varfolomeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physicochemical Biology ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
State Of Research

The collective monograph is devoted to discussing the history of creation, studying the properties, neutralizing and using organophosphorus neurotoxins, which include chemical warfare agents, agricultural crop protection chemical agents (herbicides and insecticides) and medicines. The monograph summarizes the results of current scientific research and new prospects for the development of this field of knowledge in the 21st century, including the use of modern physicochemical methods for experimental study and theoretical analysis of biocatalysis and its mechanisms based on molecular modeling with supercomputer power. The book is intended for specialists who are interested in the current state of research in the field of organophosphorus neurotoxins. The monograph will be useful for students, graduate students, researchers specializing in the field of physical chemistry, physicochemical biology, chemical enzymology, toxicology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, biotechnology, nanotechnology and biomedicine.

Strengthening and performance assessing historical cinema hall balcony according to new Turkish Earthquake Code

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Memduh Karalar ◽  
Murat Çavuşli
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Current State ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Special Computer Program ◽  
Study Performance

Strengthening historical buildings and evaluating their performances make great contributions to both the history of the country and the tourism of the country. In this study, performance analysis and evaluations of the historical cinema hall balcony, which was built in 1933 by a French company and served to Zonguldak province for a long time, are presented in detail. This cinema hall was frequently used by local people between 1933 and 1999 and hosted many Yeşilçam movies. Firstly, examinations were performed in the historical cinema hall and the areas (columns, beams and floors) that were damaged in time were identified. According to the obtained information, it was determined that there were significant damages in the carrier system of the building and there were visible cracks and damages in the columns of the cinema hall. It was also observed that explosions occurred in one of the main carrier columns of the balcony. After the core samples taken from the balcony were tested in the laboratory, the current status of the carrier elements and reinforcements were determined with the help of an x-ray rebar scanner. After all these processes, the structure was modeled as three dimensional (3D) using a special computer program and performance evaluations were performed regarding the current state of the structure. As a result of the performance evaluation, it was determined that the balcony of the historical cinema hall could not survive anymore and would collapse over time. It was concluded that there were great damages especially on the balcony columns and a reinforcement should be made on a total of 6 columns. Strengthening was made to 4 different main columns and a performance analysis was performed again in strengthened structure. After strengthening, it was understood that the columns of the balcony of the cinema hall could survive for a long time.

Bacteriophage gene products as potential antimicrobials against tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Puiu ◽  
Christina Julius
Keyword(s):  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Long Time ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Host Target

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is recognised as one of the most pressing global health threats among infectious diseases. Bacteriophages are adapted for killing of their host, and they were exploited in antibacterial therapy already before the discovery of antibiotics. Antibiotics as broadly active drugs overshadowed phage therapy for a long time. However, owing to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance and the increasing complexity of treatment of drug-resistant TB, mycobacteriophages are being studied for their antimicrobial potential. Besides phage therapy, which is the administration of live phages to infected patients, the development of drugs of phage origin is gaining interest. This path of medical research might provide us with a new pool of previously undiscovered inhibition mechanisms and molecular interactions which are also of interest in basic research of cellular processes, such as transcription. The current state of research on mycobacteriophage-derived anti-TB treatment is reviewed in comparison with inhibitors from other phages, and with focus on transcription as the host target process.

scholarly journals Developing a Chronology Integrating Archaeological and Environmental Data from Different Contexts: The Late Holocene Sequence of Ounjougou (Mali)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Ozainne ◽  
Laurent Lespez ◽  
Yann Le Drezen ◽  
Barbara Eichhorn ◽  
Katharina Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropogenic Fires ◽  
Holocene Stratigraphy ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
A Site

At Ounjougou, a site complex situated in the Yamé River valley on the Bandiagara Plateau (Dogon country, Mali), multidisciplinary research has revealed a rich archaeological and paleoenvironmental sequence used to reconstruct the history of human-environment interactions, especially during the Late Holocene (3500–300 cal BC). Geomorphological, archaeological, and archaeobotanical data coming from different sites and contexts were combined in order to elaborate a chronocultural and environmental model for this period. Bayesian analysis of 54 14C dates included within the general Late Holocene stratigraphy of Ounjougou provides better accuracy for limits of the main chronological units, as well as for some particularly important events, like the onset of agriculture in the region. The scenario that can be proposed in the current state of research shows an increasing role of anthropogenic fires from the 3rd millennium cal BC onwards, and the appearance of food production during the 2nd millennium cal BC, coupled with a distinctive cultural break. The Late Holocene sequence ends around 300 cal BC with an important sedimentary hiatus that lasts until the end of the 4th century cal AD.

scholarly journals W kręgu badań nad dziejami emigracyjnego parlamentaryzmu Recenzja publikacji: Depozyt Niepodległości. Rada Narodowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie (1939–1991), red. Zbigniew Girzyński, Paweł Ziętara

2020 ◽  
Vol 5(160) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Paweł Gotowiecki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Council ◽  
World War ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Post War

The reviewed publication contains post-conference materials, presented during the conference held in 2016 in Warsaw, entitled “The Deposit of Independence. National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1939–1991)”. The volume consists of 18 articles, published in chronological and topical order, devoted to the selected issues of the history of the Polish parliamentarianism in exile during World War II and in the post-war period. The authors of the articles discussed various aspects of the activities of the National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile, such as the participation of national minorities in the work of the quasi-parliament, biographies of the chosen parliamentarians, or the selected elements of “parliamentary practices”. This publication is not a synthesis but it supplements and develops the current state of research on the activities of the Polish quasi-parliamentary institutions in exile.

scholarly journals Literatura Normativa Pragmática e a Produção de Conhecimento Normativo nos Impérios Ibéricos do Início da Idade Moderna (Séculos XVI-XVII)

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-44
Author(s):  
Thomas Duve
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theology ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Current State ◽  
Normative Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normative Practices ◽  
The Media ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Definition Of

RESUMOEste capítulo introdutório tem por objetivo mostrar o papel da ‘literatura normativa pragmática’ no regime histórico de produção de conhecimento nos impérios ibéricos do início da modernidade (séculos XVI-XVII) e definir esse gênero literário em vista de sua função. Ele começa com uma tentativa de apresentar a história do direito dos impérios ibéricos como parte de uma tradição jurídica que pode ser compreendida como um enorme processo diacrônico de intertextualidade, uma longa história de atos reiterativos de tradução de informação normativa em conhecimento normativo. Ele destaca a razão pela qual o conhecimento normativo produzido por atores religiosos foi de grande significância dentro da economia do conhecimento dos impérios ibéricos nos séculos XVI e XVII e como teologia prática, práticas normativas e literatura pragmática estavam entrelaçadas. Dessa reconstrução de certas características fundamentais, é possível sugerir a definição de ‘literatura normativa pragmática’, resumir o atual estado das pesquisas sobre as formas de comunicação que compuseram o gênero e concluir com alguns comentários sobre porque a literatura pragmática pode ter sido de especial significância para governar um império.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do direito. Teologia moral. História do Conhecimento. América Latina Colonial. História do livro jurídico.ABSTRACTThis introductory chapter aims to show the role of ‘pragmatic normative literature’ in the historical regime of knowledge production in the early modern Iberian Empires during the 16th and 17th centuries and to define this literary genre in the light of this function. It starts with an attempt to present the legal history of the Iberian empires as part of a legal tradition that can be understood as a huge diachronic process of intertextuality, a long history of reiterative acts of translating normative information into normative knowledge. It outlines why normative knowledge produced by religious actors was of overwhelming significance within the knowledge economy of the 16th- and 17th-century Iberian empires and how practical theology, normative practices and pragmatic literature were intertwined. From this reconstruction of certain fundamental characteristics, it is possible to suggest a definition of ‘pragmatic normative literature’, to summarise the current state of research on the media that comprised this genre and to conclude with some remarks on why pragmatic literature might have been of special significance for governing an empire.KEYWORDSLegal History. Moral Theology. History of Knowledge. Colonial Latin America. History of Legal Books.

scholarly journals Taking “KuangLu Figure” as an Example, This Paper Discusses the Significance of the Collection of Imitation Works in the Study of Art History

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Hengjie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Original Work ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of

For a long time, “KuangLu figure” (Figure 1) has been regarded as one of Hongguzi’s representative works. In fact, the masterpiece “KuangLu figure” is not the original work of Hongguzi but a copy of later generations, but it has not affected the status of the masterpiece in the history of art. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the importance of the imitation in the study of art history.

scholarly journals Why the term "professional language" can confuse the reader?

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Lesław Cirko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Communication ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
General Linguistics

The article warns readers interested in the specialised communication against an uncritical adoption of the term professional language, which is often used in the extensive literature on the subject without care for terminological precision. The lack of awareness of the meaning of the term professional language leads to negative consequences in linguistic argumentation, such as the neglect of the current state of research in general linguistics, the contamination of the scientific term by its naive understanding in everyday communication between laypersons, or the identification of language and its use, which is a serious methodological deficiency. The reader of the specialised literature might therefore, without sufficient linguistic knowledge, mistakenly take the contents presented in the reading as self-evident and corresponding to the current state of knowledge. In the first part of the article, the aforementioned sources of interpretative dangers in reading are pointed out, using the history of research as an example. Subsequently, the reader is offered some constant points of reference fur further interpretation, which allow to recognise a stylistic-functional variety of ethnic language in the concept of professional language, including phenomena that go beyond the reduction of professional language to mere terminology. The author also pointed out the forms of acquisition and existence of the so-called professional languages, as well as the distributional features that distinguish them from other functional-stylistic varieties of the ethnic language. In conclusion, their peculiarity was highlighted, arising from the need for precise naming of phenomena and processes in the field of human activity, which is concluded by the specificity of the field; from the fact that people in the said field communicate at the expert level, and the related need for such a selection of linguistic means from the ethnic language in which communication takes place that its users communicate efficiently in the field of professional communication. The knowledge of these conditions will enable the reader to approach the relationship between language and the so-called professional language with greater understanding.

scholarly journals Soziale Unruhen als nicht-normierte Konflikte Das Beispiel der englischen Riots von 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Liebig
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Local Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Structural Roots ◽  
State Of Research

In August 2011, England experienced the most serious rioting since 30 years. The unrest started two days after the fatal police shooting of Mark Duggan in Tottenham and quickly spread to other cities. This article opens with a brief sketch of the recent history of rioting in England from 1980-2010 and a comparison of previous riots with the ones in 2011. Subsequently, a more extensive overview of the current state of research focusing on triggers and structural roots of the 2011 riots and a local case study of Greater Manchester are presented. It is argued that broader social reasons (e .g . deprivation), consumerism, policing, male behavior and racialised conflicts constitute the overall causes for the latest riots. Moreover, the article looks at the riots in the context of class. Unlike the well-known ‘underclass’ discourse, the article applies a non-pejorative understanding of class: From this perspective, the 2011 riots are interpreted as a symptom of an ongoing fragmentation of social conflicts. Wide ranges of people are no longer represented by organizations like unions nor do they trust in welfare or state institutions or organise in conventional ways. This results in non-normative collective action beyond established institutions as well as new forms of how class struggles and social conflicts articulate themselves.

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