Functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (107) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Y.O. Suchikova ◽  
S.S. Kovachov ◽  
G.O. Shishkin ◽  
D.O. Pimenov ◽  
A.S. Lazarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Functional Modelling ◽  
Tunable Properties ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanostructures

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to develop a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level, which will allow to effectively control the process of nanopatterning on the surface of semiconductors with tunable properties. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses the IDEF0 methodology, which focuses on the functional design of the system under study and describes all the necessary processes with an accuracy sufficient for an unambiguous modelling of the system's activity. Based on this methodology, we have developed a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level and tested its effectiveness through practice. Findings: The paper introduces a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures on the surface of the given quality level semiconductors and identifies the main factors affecting the quality of nanostructures as well as the mechanisms for controlling the formation of porous layers with tunable properties. Using the example of etching single-crystal indium phosphide electrochemically in a hydrochloric acid solution, we demonstrate that the application of the suggested model provides a means of forming nanostructures with tunable properties, assessing the quality level of the nanostructures obtained and bringing the parameters in line with the reference indicators at a qualitatively new level. Research limitations/implications: Functional modelling using the IDEF0 methodology is widely used when process control is required. In this study it has been applied to control the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level on the surface of semiconductors. However, these studies require continuation, namely, the establishment of correlations between the technological and resource factors of synthesis and the acquired properties of nanostructures. Practical implications: This study has a significant practical effect. Firstly, it shows that functional modelling can reduce the time required to form large batches of the given quality level nanostructures. This has made it possible to substantiate the choice of the initial semiconductor parameters and nanostructure synthesis modes in industrial production from the theoretical and empirical perspective. Secondly, the presented methodology can be applied to control the synthesis of other nanostructures with desired properties and to reduce the expenses required when resources are depleted and the cost of raw materials is high. Originality/value: This paper is the first to apply the IDEF0 methodology to control the given quality nanostructure synthesis. This paper will be of value to engineers who are engaged in the synthesis of nanostructures, to researchers and scientists as well as to students studying nanotechnology.

scholarly journals Forest resources of the Far East, their use and reproduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Andrey Komin ◽  
Pavel Komin ◽  
Vladimir Usov ◽  
Alexander Gridnev
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Far Eastern

The paper provides an assessment of the state of forest resources in the Far Eastern Federal District and identifies the main factors affecting the qualitative state of forests. The reasons contributing to the increase in the area of forest fires are analyzed. One of the reasons contributing to the degradation of forest areas is also indicated - the accepted allowable cut, which does not always correspond to reality due to the use of outdated forest husbandry materials and its untimely implementation. Considering the issues of forest reproduction, an integrated approach is proposed for carrying out reforestation activities, including both the creation of forest plantations and the implementation of measures aimed at observing the technology of logging operations and preserving undergrowth. This will reduce the cost of reforestation work, as well as reduce the time required for the transfer of forest crops to a forested area. One of the conclusions is a change in the fundamental approaches to forest management in this area, taking into account the observance of environmental, economic and social requirements for forest management.

scholarly journals Optimization Model and Pollution Treatment of Sintering Ore Distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Hao Yue ◽  
Huibo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ore Distribution ◽  
The Cost

sintering process plays an important role in iron and steel smelting process. The subsequent production of blast furnace ironmaking is directly affected by the quality of sinter. Among them, the proportion of raw materials and the advanced degree of sintering process are the two main factors affecting the quality of sinter. Because the control parameters of sintering process are too many and the physical and chemical process is too complex, it is difficult to establish and control the model accurately. Therefore, workers have long relied on experience to set temperature and other factors to engage in production, resulting in the quality of sinter is unstable, the cost is not easy to be controlled. Moreover, the flue gas produced in the sintering process will have different effects on the environment. Through the data analysis of the ore distribution scheme and the results of the physicochemical analysis of sinter in a steel plant, two aspects of the work are completed: one is to establish the optimal model of the cost of the sintering process, and the most suitable temperature for the sintering process. The second is the analysis of harmful components produced in sintering process.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Perfumery Industry Production Process with the Replacement of Raw Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 970-979
Author(s):  
Diógenes Quéops De Jesus Guimarães Suzuki ◽  
David Barbosa de Alencar ◽  
Alexandra Priscilla Tregue Costa ◽  
Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lean Production ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Ecological Awareness ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given

The present work tends to investigate the lean production through the materials needed for the manufacture of perfumery products (cologne, deo cologne, eau de toilette), reduce its costs significantly, by proposing coherent substitutions to those used regularly, bringing improvements and productivity with the help of Kaizen tools. According to this comparison between inputs and their possible substitutes, all their processing and production are decisive for a more viable option according to the research theme and the viability of lean production in the most varied types of products, in the field of perfumery. In the differences between the given raw materials and the cost benefit, it is possible to promote higher productivity, without changing the performance of the products, even if there is a slight oscillation, but fulfilling the right role to the consumer, enhancing the ecological awareness and generating greater profitability.

scholarly journals The Factors Affecting of Baung Fish Proecessing Income in South Labuhanbatu Regency

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Wildani Lubis ◽  
Nina Maksimiliana Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supporting Materials

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the processing income of Baung fish. Sampling using the census method. The data used are primary and secondary data. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.90, indicating that the processing income of Baung fish (Y) can be explained by the variables of raw materials (X1), supporting materials (X2), transportation costs (X3), amounting to 90% while the remain 10 % is influenced by other factors that are not included in the equation. The significance value of F is 0,000 indicating that H0 is rejected or H1 is accepted, there are the raw materials variable (X1), supporting materials (X2), transportation costs (X3), which is simultaneously have a significant effect on the variable net income of Baung fish processing (Y). Partially the cost of raw materials has an effect on the income of Baung fish processing, in the other hand the supporting costs and transportation costs partially have no effect on the income of processing Baung fish. The classical assumption test shows that the data is normally distributed, there is no multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity.

scholarly journals Determinants of Interest Rates on Corporate Bonds of Mining Enterprises

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-637
Author(s):  
Robert Ranosz
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Rating Agencies ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given ◽  
Significant Factors

AbstractThis article is devoted to the determinants of interest rates on corporate bonds of mining enterprises. The study includes a comparison between the cost of foreign capital as resulting from the issue of debt instruments in different sectors of the economy in relation to the mining industry. The article also depicts the correlation between the rating scores published by the three largest rating agencies: S&P, Moody's, and Fitch. The test was based on simple statistical methods. The analysis performed indicated that there is a dependency between the factors listed and the amount of interest rates on corporate bonds of global mining enterprises. Most significant factors include the rating level and the period for which the given series of bonds was issued. Additionally, it is not without significance whether the given bond has additional options. Pursuant to the obtained results, is should be recognized that in order to reduce the interest rate on bonds, mining enterprises should pay particular attention to the rating and attempt to include additional options in issued bonds. Such additional options may comprise, for example, an ability to exchange bonds to shares or raw materials.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS FOR USING AGRIBIOMASS FOR ENERGY IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
G.G. Geletukha ◽  
T.A. Zheliezna ◽  
S.V. Drahniev ◽  
A.I. Bashtovyi
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Cost

Purpose of the work is to identify promising directions for using agribiomass for energy in Ukraine. Current state and prospects for the development of this segment of bioenergy are considered. Analysis of the strategic goals for bioenergy development set by the National Renewable Energy Action Plan until 2020 and Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035 shows that only wide involvement of agribiomass in the country's fuel and energy complex can ensure attainment of these goals. Ukraine has considerable potential of agricultural biomass. According to data of 2018, it is 10.1 Mtoe, which is 44% of the total bioenergy potential. The main constituents of agribiomass potential are cereal straw and by-products of grain corn production. Today, of the various types of agribiomass, sunflower husk is most actively used for energy: more than 63% of its potential. Utilization of the potential of other types of agricultural residues is between 0 and 3%. For Ukraine, the most promising direction is priority use of corn stover for energy. Feasibility study of corn stalks harvesting as well as production of briquettes and pellets from them was performed. Main factors affecting the cost-effectiveness of projects on solid biofuel production are cost of raw materials, manufacturing line productivity and sale price of the finished product. Results of the feasibility study show that corn briquettes and pellets can be competitive in the biofuel market of Ukraine, and their production can be a profitable business project.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SUBGRADE CAPACITY OF JIMMA SOILS USING DCP TEST: A CORRELATION OF CBR AND DCPI

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemal J. Muhammed ◽  
Murad M. Abdella
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Subgrade Soils ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Cbr Test ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given

Subgrade strength of soils is usually evaluated using California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values. As the cost and time required to conduct CBR test are high, dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) would be recommended and CBR value can be estimated later from DCP result using a correlation formula. In this paper, laboratory CBR of Jimma fine-grained soils has been correlated with field DCP values referring to the physical properties such as natural moisture content and field density; as these factors significantly influence the behaviour of subgrade soils. Different techniques were used to demonstrate relations that best suit to find values of CBR from DCP test. Equations were developed between CBR and dynamic cone penetrometer index (DCPI) for the total of 36 sample points and adjusted coefficient of determination becomes 0.84. A validation was also done to test the applicability of the developed correlation formula for the local soils with the given physical conditions. The correlation gave a promising relationship between CBR and DCP and can be applicable for preliminary design purpose with the due consideration of the locality circumstances.

Use of cold tolerant eucalyptus species as a partial replacement for southern mixed hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER W. HART ◽  
DALE E. NUTTER
Keyword(s):  
Potential Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Hardwood Pulp ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operational Data

During the last several years, the increasing cost and decreasing availability of mixed southern hardwoods have resulted in financial and production difficulties for southern U.S. mills that use a significant percentage of hardwood kraft pulp. Traditionally, in the United States, hardwoods are not plantation grown because of the growth time required to produce a quality tree suitable for pulping. One potential method of mitigating the cost and supply issues associated with the use of native hardwoods is to grow eucalyptus in plantations for the sole purpose of producing hardwood pulp. However, most of the eucalyptus species used in pulping elsewhere in the world are not capable of surviving in the southern U.S. climate. This study examines the potential of seven different cold-tolerant eucalyptus species to be used as replacements for, or supplements to, mixed southern hardwoods. The laboratory pulping and bleaching aspects of these seven species are discussed, along with pertinent mill operational data. Selected mill trial data also are reviewed.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

Solid Waste Management on Romanian Households

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2941-2947
Author(s):  
George Ungureanu ◽  
Gabriela Ignat ◽  
elena Leonte ◽  
Carmen Luiza Costuleanu ◽  
Nicoleta Stanciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Factors Affecting

The problem associated with the household behavior on solid waste disposal site in today�s society is complex because of the large quantity and diverse nature of the wastes. Due increase the population, rapid development, global agricultural development has moved rapidly, limitations of financing, emerging limitations of both energy and raw materials and also add to the complexity of any waste management system, large quantities of wastes are being generated in different forms such as solid, liquid and gases. This research explored factors affecting the level of participation in solid waste segregation and recycling of households in Romania, as well as examining current Romania households waste management practices and their knowledge of waste management. This study investigated the solid waste situation and the organization of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households. Solid waste management is a key component of public services which needs to serve the urban and rural municipalities in an efficient way in order to maintain a decent standard of public health.

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