The Diversity Of Fish Species In Inland Water Of Kampung (Village) Nasem In Merauke District

Wetland or stagnant swamp refers to an ecosystem of inland water that is vulnerable to population decline. Kampung Nasem in Merauke has quite promising fish resources. This research aimed to determine the diversity of fish species found in Kampung Nasem of Merauke. The fish sampling was performed for three months, from September to November 2017 at three research stations by functioning digital camera, ruler and manual as tools for documentation, while tool for fishing used gill net in the size of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 inches; casting nets and scoop net. Fish found in the field were preserved with 10% formalin for identification purpose in the laboratory. The observed biological parameters were species richness, diversity index (H’), evenness index (E) and dominance index (C). The research finding obtained 15 fish species richness coprising 11 native fish species and 5 introduced fish species. The value of H’ was classified into moderate while the uniformity value was high, hence the fish were spread evenly in each research site and no species was found with domination. In addition, the Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Glass (Agrammus ambassadors) were species to have sufficient widespread distribution and numerous presence of presentation within the three research stations.

Genetic Identification of Anchovy from Cenderawasih Bay using DNA Barcoding Approach

The Cenderawasih Bay is a marine habitat for whale sharks (R. typus) which appear almost all year round. The appearance of this whale shark is triggered by various factors, including the food. Anchovy is one of the attractions for the emergence of whale sharks, so it is necessary to conduct genetic, biological and ecological studies. Anchovy has a small in size, making it difficult to identify morphologically. The purpose of this study was to genetically identify anchovy samples obtained from Cenderawasih Bay and compare the sequences with the GenBank database. The COI gene fragments were amplified by PCR method, using primer jg-LCO and jg-HCO. Sequencing is carried out from two directions, forward and reverse with the sanger termination dideoxy method. The resulting DNA sequence has a length of 669 base pairs encoding 223 amino acids. The results of homological comparisons with the NCBI and BOLD System databases show that this sample has similarities to the COI sequence of Spratelloides gracilis with a similarity number up to 99%. The results of the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the anchovy samples from Cenderawasih Bay were in one clade with S. gracilis from Japan and separated from the clade of S. gracilis from the Red Sea, with a distance between clades is 0.104. This result is in line with the identification by homological comparison in the NCBI and BOLD System.

Analisis Pola Pertumbuhan dan Morfometrik Udang Jerbung (Penaeus merguiensis De Man, 1888) di Perairan Sekitar Bakoi, Sorong Selatan

The waters of South Sorong have potential shrimp resources, including abundant banana shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis de Man, 1888). This study aims to obtain information about the morphometric characteristics and growth of banana shrimp in the fishing area around the waters of Kampung Bakoi, South Sorong Regency, West Papua Province. Data collections were carried out in June and October 2019 using descriptive methods with direct observation techniques. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the total length of shrimp caught in Bakoi Village was in the range of 10 - 26.8 cm and the most were caught measuring 15.2 cm to 16.4 cm. The model of the relationship between length and weight of banana shrimp in Bakoi Village follows the equation Log W= 1,630+2,659 Log (L) or the form of negative allometric growth. Analysis of the relationship between total length (Y) and carapace length (X) (including rostrum) and the relationship between total length and carapace length (Z) (excluding rostrum) obtained the best estimator models, each following the logarithmic equations L = -2,188 + 10,226 Ln(PK) and L = 4,439 + 9,201 Ln(PKt) respectively.

Diversity and Abundance of Plankton in Mangrove Waters

The mangrove forest is an environment that is very rich in nutrients and it becomes an important element for plankton growth. This article aims to determine the diversity and abundance of plankton species in the mangrove area. The method used in this writing is a literature study, by exploring written sources in the form of books, articles, journals, or other documents relevant to the problem being presented. The information obtained from the literature study can be used as a reference to strengthen the existing arguments. The results of the writing show that the abundance and diversity of plankton in mangrove waters are strongly influenced by the physical and chemical conditions of the water, local conditions, tides, zoning, and mangrove density. In general, phytoplankton from the Bacillariophyceae class dominate mangrove waters compared to zooplankton. A mangrove forest management strategy needs to be implemented so that it can function for organisms and the surrounding environment.

Growth Rate and Biomass Leaf Production Of Thalassia hemprichii at Pengudang and Dompak Waters, Bintan Island

Research on the rate of growth and reproduction of seagrass leaf type Thalassia hemprichii has been done in the waters of Pengudang and Dompak, Bintan Island. Aim this research for compare the growth rate and the production rate of Thalassia hemprichii biomass in Pengudang and Dompak coastal area, Bintan Island. The research was done by purposive sampling method, 30 individu seagrass leaves samples were taken using a plot measuring 50x50 centimeters. The results of the study were in the growth rate of the seagrass leaf type Thalassia hemprichii in the waters of Pengudang and Dompak 1.03 mm/day and 0.77 mm/day. Production rate of the Thalassia hemprichii leave biomass 0.07 gDW/m2 at Pengudang and 0.03 gDW/m2 at Dompak. Density of seagrass type Thalassia hemprichii 119.22 stands/m2 at Pengudang and 96.00 stands/m2 at Dompak. Based on test Two-Way ANOVA. There is no noticeable difference between the growth and production of the type of seagrass leaves Thalassia hemprichii in the waters of Pengudang and Dompak, Bintan Island.

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic of Longtail Tuna (Thunnus tonggol) Landed in Pabean Fish Market, Surabaya

Indonesia is the biggest tuna exporter in Southeast Asia. With a high number of tuna catch, it is worried that the catch will decrease tuna population, specifically longtail tuna. To anticipate the decrease, there needs to be a conservation program to protect longtail tunas from scarcity. One method used to protect longtail tuna is by genetic conservation. The aim of this research is to understand the genetic and phylogenetic variety of the longtail tuna in Pabean Surabaya Fish Market. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify segment of the mitochondrial control region gene from members of these sample, used forward primer CRK 5’-AGCTC AGCGC CAGAG CGCCG GTCTT GTAAA-3’ and reverse primer CRE 5’-CCTGA AGTAG GAACC AGATG-3’. Based on the sequencing process, 28 out of 29 samples longtail tuna were analyzed successfully. The results of the 28 sample analysis of longtail tuna based on its genetic variety and phylogenetic tree reconstruction showed a haplotype variety (Hd) score of 1,00000, and nucleotide (π) variety of 0,1939. Genetic variety value showed that longtail tuna has great adaption capabilities toward environmental changes time to time. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction results showed 7 clades with a genetic range of 0,005 – 0,035, which shows that all samples are closely related. The results of this study can be used as basic information in forming regulations on longtail tuna sustainable management and genetic conservation.

Abundance, Distribution Patterns and Habitat Conditions of Giant Clam (Family : Tridacnidae)

The Giant Clam has a high economic value it is because all parts of the animal can be utilized so it is very vulnerable for hunting by humans. Traditionally these animals are used by people for food, building materials, household needs and as souvenirs and also as aquarium animals. The purpose of this study is to see the relationship between species abundance and distribution patterns of Giant Clam based on the habitat conditions. Moreover, the purpose of this study case is to identify the types of Giant Clam that found and compare with research which has been done 10 years earlier. The results of the data analysis concluded that habitat conditions take effect on species abundance and distribution patterns of Giant Clam on Mansinam Island and Lemon Island in Manokwari Regency. From the results of the study found 3 types of Giant Clams with a total of 14 individuals. The number of Giant Clam species that found at the study location is almost half of the species that found in Indonesia. For 10-year period at the study location there was decrease the number of Giant Clam species by 57%, in 2009 there were found 7 species of Giant Clam whereas in 2019 only found 3 species of Giant Clams.

Preliminary Study of Heavy Metals of Cymodocea rotundata in Doreri Bay Manokwari Regency

Sources of activity in Dorei Bay come from the Sanggeng market, the Wosi market, the port, the PLTD (Diesel Power Plant), hospitals, hotels, and residential areas. The seagrass system has a function as a food provider, as primary productivity in waters, dampers the arrival of waves, a place for growth and development of biota and sediment traps. Research and information on the accumulation of heavy metals in seagrass, especially Cymodocea rotundata are still very limited, especially in Doreri Bay. This study aims to describe the accumulation of heavy metals in seagrass Cymodocea rotundata, including leaves, roots, and rhizome, comparing the accumulation of heavy metals in seagrass Cymodocea rotundata each location as well as knowing the pollution index of each location. The research was conducted in Doreri Bay, Manokwari, West Papua in August 2018. The sampling locations for Cymodocea rotundata seagrass were around the waters of Pelayaran, Wosi, Yankarwar, Anggrem, and Nusmapi Island. The results showed that the highest Cu concentrations were described from each location, which ranged from 18.75 to 28.64 (mg.kg-1), followed by heavy metal Pb ranging from 0.46-19.31 (mg.kg-1), then logm weight of Cd ranged from 1.11-4.97 (mg.kg-1) and the lowest Cr6 + concentration in each location ranged from 0.20 -0.52 (mg.kg-1). The percentage of metal concentrations in the roots and rhizomes is 50%, it can even reach 82.64%, namely Pb metal at Yankarwar Beach. Meanwhile, the metal concentration in the leaf area ranged between 17.36-50.00% and the highest proportion was found in Pb metal at the Pelayaran location and Cr6 + metal at the Wosi location. The calculation results of the Metal poluttion Index (MPI) for heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, and Cr6 + show that the highest heavy metal index of 5 locations is on Anggrem Beach and the lowest is at Pelayaran Beach

Spatial Distribution Of Chlorofil-a In Laguna Kabori Manokwari Regency

Kabori Lagoon is a lagoon located in Manokwari Regency, West Papua, where the water quality data is still very limited. Chlorophyll-a is the most important photosynthetic pigment for aquatic plants such as phytoplankton. The purpose of this study was to determine the horizontal distribution of chlorophyll-a based on the spatial data approach in the waters of the Kabori Lagoon. The study was conducted from April to May 2019. The sampling point was determined by purposive sampling at eight points for sampling of chlorophyll-a and water parameters including physics and chemistry (temperature, DO, salinity, brightness and depth). Measurement of physical and chemical parameters is carried out in situ. Chlorophyll-a analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Water Productivity and Quality, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Hasanuddin University. Spatial data processing used ArcGIS 10.4 and Surfer 16 to create chlorophyll-a distribution maps and bathymetry. The results showed that the chlorophyll-a content in Observation I was in the range of 0.12-2.40 mg/m3 and in Observation II it was in the range of 1.43-10.84 mg/m3. Based on the chlorophyll-a content, the Kabori Lagoon is included in the mesotrophic category. Spatially, the distribution of chlorophyll-a content varies, but tends to be higher in the southern part of the lagoon than in the northern part of the lagoon. Spatial distribution, Chlorophyll-A, Kabori Lagoon, Mesotrophic

The Effect of Sweet Potatoes Leaves (Ipomoea batatas) on Blood Profile and Survival Rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

In aquaculture, fish health problems are often encountered which can lead to failure in cultivation activities. One of the efforts to overcome the problem of disease in cultivation is done by providing immunostimulants. Sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas) are plants that have a short harvest period, cheap and rich in vitamins and antioxidants so that it can be used as a source of immunstimulants. This research was conducted to determine the effect of adding sweet potato leaves (Ipomea batats) to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed on total leukocytes, phagocytic activity, hematocrit, and survival rate. The study was conducted by experimental method using a completely randomized design, with 4 treatment doses of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) used were 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, which were formulated in fish feed and each treatment was repeated 3 times.. The results showed that giving 10% of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) leaves in feed had a significant effect on the non-specific immune system of tilapia, which could increase the highest total leukocyte value by 6600 mm3 but did not have a significant effect on the phagocytosis index. 96.3%, 31% hematocrit with 93% survival.