scholarly journals POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS FOR USING AGRIBIOMASS FOR ENERGY IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
G.G. Geletukha ◽  
T.A. Zheliezna ◽  
S.V. Drahniev ◽  
A.I. Bashtovyi
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Cost

Purpose of the work is to identify promising directions for using agribiomass for energy in Ukraine. Current state and prospects for the development of this segment of bioenergy are considered. Analysis of the strategic goals for bioenergy development set by the National Renewable Energy Action Plan until 2020 and Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035 shows that only wide involvement of agribiomass in the country's fuel and energy complex can ensure attainment of these goals. Ukraine has considerable potential of agricultural biomass. According to data of 2018, it is 10.1 Mtoe, which is 44% of the total bioenergy potential. The main constituents of agribiomass potential are cereal straw and by-products of grain corn production. Today, of the various types of agribiomass, sunflower husk is most actively used for energy: more than 63% of its potential. Utilization of the potential of other types of agricultural residues is between 0 and 3%. For Ukraine, the most promising direction is priority use of corn stover for energy. Feasibility study of corn stalks harvesting as well as production of briquettes and pellets from them was performed. Main factors affecting the cost-effectiveness of projects on solid biofuel production are cost of raw materials, manufacturing line productivity and sale price of the finished product. Results of the feasibility study show that corn briquettes and pellets can be competitive in the biofuel market of Ukraine, and their production can be a profitable business project.

scholarly journals FEASIBILY STUDY OF THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF AGRIBIOMASS BRIQUETTES IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
G.G. Geletukha ◽  
T.A. Zheliezna ◽  
S.V. Drahniev ◽  
A.I. Bashtovyi
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Commercial Enterprise ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators ◽  
Other Consumers

The purpose of the work is to carry out a preliminary feasibility study of some typical projects on the production and consumption of agribiomass briquettes in Ukraine. The task of the work is to analyse and summarize the results of the feasibility study. The research methods include an overview of the successful examples of the production and use of biomass briquettes in Ukraine, the identification of priority types of relevant projects, the assessment of the main technical and economic indicators of several typical bioenergy projects. The results of the work make it possible to conclude whether it is feasible or not to implement certain types of projects in this segment of bioenergy. It is shown that today in Ukraine there are already examples of successful implementation of projects on the production and consumption of different biomass type briquettes. These examples include projects implemented for grants and business projects. For Ukraine, several promising options for the production and use of biomass briquettes can be suggested. The three typical variants of the biofuel production projects are as follows: (1) a rural enterprise produces agribiomass briquettes and sells them as a substitute for expensive coal to the local population and other consumers using small boilers with manual loading; (2) villagers or members of a united territorial community create an energy cooperative within which they produce biomass briquettes for their own consumption; (3) a large agrarian enterprise produces briquettes from its own agricultural raw materials and sells the product partly to its employees, partly to other consumers. Typical types of projects for the use of biomass briquettes can be as follows: an individual consumer or a trade/service organization or an industrial/commercial enterprise uses biomass briquettes in an existing boiler (replacement of coal) or in a newly purchased boiler of the appropriate capacity (replacement of coal/natural gas). The results of the preliminary feasibility study of these typical projects show that all the projects are economically feasible with a discounted payback period of 3-5 years.

scholarly journals Improving the economic efficiency of production biodieselfuel

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
М. Senchuk ◽  
L. Gutko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Optimum Distance ◽  
The Cost

In order to optimize the performance of transportation works for the transportation of raw materials for the production of biodiesel fuel, the article examines the technology when oil from oilseeds is obtained at the processing points where they are grown. The resulting oil is transported to a biodiesel production plant. The methodological bases for calculating the optimum distance from oilseed grain storage sites to a mechanized oil production point are presented. Possible ways of the efficiency improving of production of biofuel at the stage of the planning are presented. Methodical bases of calculation of distance to mechanized points for biofuel production are given. A formula for determining the optimum capacity of an item for the processing of oil seeds and for obtaining raw materials for the production of biofuels has been derived. It is established that optimum transportation distance of rape is 14,4 km, productivity of the rapeseed oil processing plant is 21280 tons/year and for 25% of the oil yield 5320 tons of biofuel raw materials can be obtained, when the total overhead costs are Zv = 360000 UAH / year; specific costs of transportation of raw materials сp = 2,6 UAH/ (тkm); yield of oilseed rape = 1 t / ha (100 t / km2); the density of the placement of fields a = 0.4. The developed method can be used to calculate the location, performance of points for the manufacture of briquettes or pellets. The direction of increasing the efficiency of biodiesel production at plants at the stage of their planning is to determine the optimal annual productivity of the plant, taking into account transport costs for the transportation of raw materials - oil. The optimum distance of transportation of oil and productivity of the plant for biodiesel production is established for the cost of transportation - 2.6 UAH / t • km, overhead costs 13000000 UAH, direct costs for the production of 1 ton of biodiesel fuel - 25000 UAH Therefore, the optimal distance of transportation of oil for the production of biofuels - 101 km, the capacity of the plant - 58923 tons. The dependence of the cost of production of biodiesel fuel on the distance of transportation of oil is calculated: for distance to plant 40 km – the cost of biofuel production – 25596 UAH/t, for 60 km – 25496 UAH /t, for 80 km – 25462 UAH /t, for 100 km – 25459 UAH /t, for 120 km – 25471 UAH /t, for 140 km – 25493 UAH /t. The proposed method provides an opportunity to determine the optimum productivity of the plant for the processing of organic raw materials into biofuels, taking into account the distance of its transportation at the design stage. Key words: biodiesel, economic efficiency, production optimization, direct costs, overhead costs.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN RUSSIA: BIOFUEL MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
A. Tambi ◽  
Svetlana Morkovina ◽  
Igor Grigorev ◽  
V Grigor'ev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Russian Federation

The growing interest in energy security and renewable energy in Europe and Asia has stimulated the demand for wood briquettes and pellets. The production of energy from pellets per unit of investment is cheaper than the production of gas and oil, which determines the development of a circular economy in the Russian Federation. In Russia the main producers of pellets and fuel briquettes are large timber companies. At the same time, small business is an active producer of biofuels. The article presents the results of an expert survey of business representatives in the field of biofuel production, as well as analytical information on production, capacity utilization, sales and raw materials for the production of fuel briquettes from wood waste in the Russian Federation. It has been established that the main factors affecting the price of pellets and fuel briquettes are: formed market demand, the method of transportation and packaging of products, as well as their quality. Expanding domestic production of wood pellets is the number one task for Russian producers, given the growth of the global pellet market. Moreover, in a number of countries in Europe and America, the main exporters of pellets and fuel briquettes, measures to support manufacturers are actively implemented. Support is needed at all state levels to accelerate the development of new industries and industries in the field of biofuel and bioenergy. The most popular measures to support domestic producers of biofuels may be reduction in tax rates, compensation for the costs of certification of products for small and medium-sized businesses. According to our estimates, we can expect further growth in the production of fuel briquettes, the intensity of which will, in many respects, be determined by the possibility of subsidizing transport transportation and the development of the domestic biofuel market. The domestic market for pellets and fuel briquettes will stagnate without the support of biofuel producers, and pricing and certification is an important element for developing the export potential of industry enterprises

Organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the competitive-sustainable of an industrial enterprise

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
A.I. Tikhonov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Object A ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Cost

The article considers the need for industrial enterprises to increase their own competitiveness, as well as the formation of certain competitive advantages. The author identifies the main groups of indicators used in the management of the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise. The classification of methods for managing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise is given. The factors of increasing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise are determined. An algorithm for managing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise has been developed, which includes the following steps: determining strategic goals; identification and analysis of factors affecting the competitiveness of the enterprise; assessment of the influence of factors on the level of competitiveness for each management object; a grouping of methods and measures to increase competitiveness; development and implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise; assessment of results and analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed activities; managerial decision making. The author’s interpretation of the concept of «organizational and economic mechanism» is justified with the aim of increasing the efficiency of competitive stability of an industrial enterprise. The author notes the fact that conducting business to increase profits ignores the criteria for increasing the cost of equity, which are necessary for the further development of an industrial enterprise in a competitive environment. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and taking into account the specifics of the industrial enterprise, a three-component structure of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing its increased competitiveness is modeled.

Functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (107) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Y.O. Suchikova ◽  
S.S. Kovachov ◽  
G.O. Shishkin ◽  
D.O. Pimenov ◽  
A.S. Lazarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Functional Modelling ◽  
Tunable Properties ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanostructures

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to develop a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level, which will allow to effectively control the process of nanopatterning on the surface of semiconductors with tunable properties. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses the IDEF0 methodology, which focuses on the functional design of the system under study and describes all the necessary processes with an accuracy sufficient for an unambiguous modelling of the system's activity. Based on this methodology, we have developed a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level and tested its effectiveness through practice. Findings: The paper introduces a functional model for the synthesis of nanostructures on the surface of the given quality level semiconductors and identifies the main factors affecting the quality of nanostructures as well as the mechanisms for controlling the formation of porous layers with tunable properties. Using the example of etching single-crystal indium phosphide electrochemically in a hydrochloric acid solution, we demonstrate that the application of the suggested model provides a means of forming nanostructures with tunable properties, assessing the quality level of the nanostructures obtained and bringing the parameters in line with the reference indicators at a qualitatively new level. Research limitations/implications: Functional modelling using the IDEF0 methodology is widely used when process control is required. In this study it has been applied to control the synthesis of nanostructures of the given quality level on the surface of semiconductors. However, these studies require continuation, namely, the establishment of correlations between the technological and resource factors of synthesis and the acquired properties of nanostructures. Practical implications: This study has a significant practical effect. Firstly, it shows that functional modelling can reduce the time required to form large batches of the given quality level nanostructures. This has made it possible to substantiate the choice of the initial semiconductor parameters and nanostructure synthesis modes in industrial production from the theoretical and empirical perspective. Secondly, the presented methodology can be applied to control the synthesis of other nanostructures with desired properties and to reduce the expenses required when resources are depleted and the cost of raw materials is high. Originality/value: This paper is the first to apply the IDEF0 methodology to control the given quality nanostructure synthesis. This paper will be of value to engineers who are engaged in the synthesis of nanostructures, to researchers and scientists as well as to students studying nanotechnology.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF SOLID BIOFUELS FROM GRAIN PROCESSING WASTES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
A. Makarynska ◽  
T. Turpurova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
European Standards

The article is devoted to the issues of solid biofuel production. The classification of biomass used in the production of solid biofuels by origin is given. The main types of grain waste in the southern region for the production of solid biofuels are identified.The article analyzes the soybean market in the world and Ukraine, shows the trend of growing soybean production, which is caused by the growing demand for food and feed purposes. Soybean yield indicators in Ukraine are analyzed and it is found that Kherson region is one of the leaders of soybean yields for 2019. It is shown that in soybean cultivation in Ukraine a considerable amount of secondary resource is obtained - straw, as a by-product of crop production. It is established that the average yield of rice of Kherson region prevails in Ukraine, a large amount of rice husk is formed during processing of raw rice. Physico-mechanical properties of rice husk and soybean straw have been determined. The possibility of production of fuel briquettes from the waste was considered, technological scheme of production of fuel briquettes from waste, which are formed at the enterprises of processing industry and by-products of crop production is given. The technology of production of fuel briquettes from soy straw and rice husk was introduced at the enterprise of Kherson region, which is engaged in cultivation and processing of soybeans and rice. Quality indicators of fuel briquettes were determined: humidity, ash, sulfur, carbon content, volatile matter yield and specific combustion heat. It is established that the quality of fuel pellets is significantly influenced by humidity, degree of grinding and physical and chemical properties of raw materials. When the moisture content of raw materials more than 14% decreases the density of the granules and, due to the evaporation of moisture, cracks appear in the granules, which reduce their strength. With the reduction of the average particle size of the biomass to 2 mm, the quality of the fuel products increases, but the fine fraction of the biomass of the matrix is erased. The heat of combustion of the obtained solid briquettes exceeds the normative values of European standards at a level not lower than 18 MJ / kg. Ash content (0.5 %), normalized by European standards, is practically unavailable for Ukrainian producers, fuel briquettes made from soy straw and husks have higher normalized ash values in accordance with 7.0 and 14.0 %, which reduces their quality indicators.

scholarly journals Optimization Model and Pollution Treatment of Sintering Ore Distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Hao Yue ◽  
Huibo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ore Distribution ◽  
The Cost

sintering process plays an important role in iron and steel smelting process. The subsequent production of blast furnace ironmaking is directly affected by the quality of sinter. Among them, the proportion of raw materials and the advanced degree of sintering process are the two main factors affecting the quality of sinter. Because the control parameters of sintering process are too many and the physical and chemical process is too complex, it is difficult to establish and control the model accurately. Therefore, workers have long relied on experience to set temperature and other factors to engage in production, resulting in the quality of sinter is unstable, the cost is not easy to be controlled. Moreover, the flue gas produced in the sintering process will have different effects on the environment. Through the data analysis of the ore distribution scheme and the results of the physicochemical analysis of sinter in a steel plant, two aspects of the work are completed: one is to establish the optimal model of the cost of the sintering process, and the most suitable temperature for the sintering process. The second is the analysis of harmful components produced in sintering process.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE ENTERPRISE POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
N.V. Mieshkova-Kravchenko ◽  
A.V. Tarasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Cost Assessment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Communal Property ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Information Basis

The importance of a reliable enterprise potential assessment in modern business environment is considered. The existing methodological approaches to the enterprise potential assessment are investigated. Three main groups of methods are singled: cost assessment of enterprise potential, assessment based on the economic indicators, assessment of potential competitiveness. Spheres and peculiarities of enterprise potential assessment methods and assessment based on the economic indicators are outlined. The cost assessment of enterprise potential is considered as the value of an integral property complex or the sum of values of its individual components. The law regulates the valuation of property and property rights, and especially aspects relating to the activities of enterprises associated with public or communal property. It is indicated that cost and comparative valuation methods should be used to assess an enterprise or its components if they act as an object of an agreement. At the same time, resulting methods are used more often to assess an enterprise as an entity. The enterprise potential assessment on the basis of economic indicators is a thorough analysis in quantitative and qualitative terms. It reflects mainly past and current state of the enterprise and can be considered as a separate assessment direction. It can serve as an information basis for forecasting the results of an enterprise�s activity in order to assess income-based methods of valuation. However, the effective using of this approach requires indicators systematization and using of the appropriate software. The construction of an extensive indicators system, which can be transformed depending on the purpose of the analysis, is the key to making well-grounded decisions. To determine the list of indicators and their relationship it is considered to focus both on the traditional resource-factor approach, and on the optimization one. Methods of assessing the enterprise potential competitiveness suit strategic goals more.

scholarly journals Biomass Properties for Mechanization of Conditioning Processes

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Ē. Kronbergs ◽  
M. Šmits
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Oil Fuel

Substitution of fossil feedstock for energy and raw materials by biomass is important measure for GHG emission mitigation. Development of energy crop production and agricultural residue utilisation for energy are important goals of the rural policy. As chemical fertiliser production and usage corresponds to the consumption of oil fuel, biomass usage directly for energy production or as fertiliser are activities with equal importance. The main rural resources for biomass eco-technologies in Latvia are cereal straw residues, energy crops, emergent vegetation and peat from wetlands and sediments from lakes. Wide range of biomass properties cause necessity of appropriate mechanization equipment for biomass conditioning accordingly collection, conversion and usage technologies. The ecosystem approach means taking into account the interrelationships among land, air water and all living organisms including humans for mechanization equipment design of biomass technologies. Complex mechanisation of biomass technologies is based on implementation of ecosystem approach and investigation of properties of biomass in conditioning processes. For solid biofuel production densification properties of chopped stalk materials with different additives (peat, rapeseed cake) had been determined.

scholarly journals The Factors Affecting of Baung Fish Proecessing Income in South Labuhanbatu Regency

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Wildani Lubis ◽  
Nina Maksimiliana Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supporting Materials

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the processing income of Baung fish. Sampling using the census method. The data used are primary and secondary data. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.90, indicating that the processing income of Baung fish (Y) can be explained by the variables of raw materials (X1), supporting materials (X2), transportation costs (X3), amounting to 90% while the remain 10 % is influenced by other factors that are not included in the equation. The significance value of F is 0,000 indicating that H0 is rejected or H1 is accepted, there are the raw materials variable (X1), supporting materials (X2), transportation costs (X3), which is simultaneously have a significant effect on the variable net income of Baung fish processing (Y). Partially the cost of raw materials has an effect on the income of Baung fish processing, in the other hand the supporting costs and transportation costs partially have no effect on the income of processing Baung fish. The classical assumption test shows that the data is normally distributed, there is no multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity.

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