scholarly journals Imaging features of Stafne bone defects on computed tomography: An assessment of 40 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Morita ◽  
Luciana Munhoz ◽  
Aline Yukari Nagai ◽  
Miki Hisatomi ◽  
Junichi Asaumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Imaging Features

scholarly journals Comparison of the different voxel sizes in the estimation of peri-implant fenestration defects using cone beam computed tomography: an ex vivo study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Hakan Kurt ◽  
Nilsun Bağış ◽  
Cengiz Evli ◽  
Cemal Atakan ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Voxel Size

Abstract Background To examine the influence of voxel sizes to detect of peri-implant fenestration defects on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and methods This study performed with three sheep heads both maxilla and mandible and two types of dental implant type 1 zirconium implant (Zr40) (n = 6) and type 2 titanium implant (Ti22) (n = 10). A total of 14 peri-implant fenestrations (8 buccal surfaces, 6 palatal/lingual surface) were created while 18 surfaces (8 buccal, 10 palatal/lingual) were free of fenestrations. Three observers have evaluated the images of fenestration at each site. Images obtained with 0.75 mm3, 0.100 mm3, 0.150 mm3, 0.200 mm3, and 0.400 mm3 voxel sizes. For intra- and inter-observer agreements for each voxel size, Kappa coefficients were calculated. Results Intra- and inter-observer kappa values were the highest for 0.150 mm3, and the lowest in 0.75 mm3 and 0.400 mm3 voxel sizes for all types of implants. The highest area under the curve (AUC) values were found higher for the scan mode of 0.150 mm3, whereas lower AUC values were found for the voxel size for 0.400 mm3. Titanium implants had higher AUC values than zirconium with the statistical significance for all voxel sizes (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion A voxel size of 0.150 mm3 can be used to detect peri-implant fenestration bone defects. CBCT is the most reliable diagnostic tool for peri-implant fenestration bone defects.

scholarly journals Imaging diagnosis of classical and new pneumoconiosis: predominant reticular HRCT pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Masanori
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Fibrosis ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Characteristic Imaging ◽  
The Individual

AbstractOur understanding of the manifestations of pneumoconioses is evolving in recent years. Associations between novel exposures and diffuse interstitial lung disease have been newly recognized. In advanced asbestosis, two types of fibrosis are seen, probably related to dose of exposure, existence of pleural fibrosis, and the host factor status of the individual. In pneumoconiosis of predominant reticular type, nodular opacities are often seen in the early phase. The nodular pattern is centrilobular, although some in metal lung show perilymphatic distribution, mimicking sarcoidosis. High-resolution computed tomography enables a more comprehensive correlation between the pathologic findings and clinically relevant imaging findings. The clinician must understand the spectrum of characteristic imaging features related to both known dust exposures and to historically recent new dust exposures.

scholarly journals Chest computed tomography imaging features in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110106
Author(s):  
Hoda Salah Darwish ◽  
Mohamed Yasser Habash ◽  
Waleed Yasser Habash
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Bilateral Lesions

Objective To analyze computed tomography (CT) features of symptomatic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Ninety-five symptomatic patients with COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction from 1 May to 14 July 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Follow-up CT findings and their distributions were analyzed and compared from symptom onset to late-stage disease. Results Among all patients, 15.8% had unilateral lung disease and 84.2% had bilateral disease with slight right lower lobe predilection (47.4%). Regarding lesion density, 49.4% of patients had pure ground glass opacity (GGO) and 50.5% had GGO with consolidation. Typical early-stage patterns were bilateral lesions in 73.6% of patients, diffuse lesions (41.0%), and GGO (65.2%). Pleural effusion occurred in 13.6% and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in 11.5%. During intermediate-stage disease, 47.4% of patients showed GGO as the disease progressed; however, consolidation was the predominant finding (52.6%). Conclusion COVID-19 pneumonia manifested on lung CT scans with bilateral, peripheral, and right lower lobe predominance and was characterized by diffuse bilateral GGO progressing to or coexisting with consolidation within 1 to 3 weeks. The most frequent CT lesion in the early, intermediate, and late phases was GGO. Consolidation appeared in the intermediate phase and gradually increased, ending with reticular and lung fibrosis-like patterns.

scholarly journals Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp S. Lienemann ◽  
Stéphanie Metzger ◽  
Anna-Sofia Kiveliö ◽  
Alain Blanc ◽  
Panagiota Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pinhole Spect

Abstract Over the last decades, great strides were made in the development of novel implants for the treatment of bone defects. The increasing versatility and complexity of these implant designs request for concurrent advances in means to assess in vivo the course of induced bone formation in preclinical models. Since its discovery, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has excelled as powerful high-resolution technique for non-invasive assessment of newly formed bone tissue. However, micro-CT fails to provide spatiotemporal information on biological processes ongoing during bone regeneration. Conversely, due to the versatile applicability and cost-effectiveness, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) would be an ideal technique for assessing such biological processes with high sensitivity and for nuclear imaging comparably high resolution (<1 mm). Herein, we employ modular designed poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels that release bone morphogenetic protein to guide the healing of critical sized calvarial bone defects. By combined in vivo longitudinal multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT evaluations we determine the spatiotemporal course of bone formation and remodeling within this synthetic hydrogel implant. End point evaluations by high resolution micro-CT and histological evaluation confirm the value of this approach to follow and optimize bone-inducing biomaterials.

scholarly journals Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver mimicking an infiltrative malignancy in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with Gd-EOB

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 204798161454440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Durmus ◽  
Carsten Kamphues ◽  
Hendrik Blaeker ◽  
Christian Grieser ◽  
Timm Denecke
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors ◽  
Malignant Liver

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) are a benign tumor entity, which rarely develop in the liver. Surgery is the most common treatment for these lesions as it is difficult to distinguish them from malignant liver tumors and local recurrent growth may occur. IMT is a diagnostic challenge for imaging. Only a limited number of reports of single cases or small number of patients described the imaging features on computed tomography. Reports on IMT appearance on magnetic resonance imaging are scarce. We present a case of IMT of the liver with infiltration of the abdominal wall treated with surgery and describe the imaging features with the use of the hepatobiliary contrast agent, gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB).

3D-printed Poly-Lactic Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) scaffolds in non-critical bone defects impede bone regeneration in rabbit tibia bone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jin Xi Lim ◽  
Min He ◽  
Alphonsus Khin Sze Chong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Critical Bone Defects

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of bone graft materials are commercially available and vary in their composition, mechanism of action, costs, and indications. OBJECTIVE: A commercially available PLGA scaffold produced using 3D printing technology has been used to promote the preservation of the alveolar socket after tooth extraction. We examined its influence on bone regeneration in long bones of New Zealand White rabbits. METHODS: 5.0-mm-diameter circular defects were created on the tibia bones of eight rabbits. Two groups were studied: (1) control group, in which the bone defects were left empty; (2) scaffold group, in which the PLGA scaffolds were implanted into the bone defect. Radiography was performed every two weeks postoperatively. After sacrifice, bone specimens were isolated and examined by micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS: Scaffolds were not degraded by eight weeks after surgery. Micro-computed tomography and histology showed that in the region of bone defects that was occupied by scaffolds, bone regeneration was compromised and the total bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV) was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: The implantation of this scaffold impedes bone regeneration in a non-critical bone defect. Implantation of bone scaffolds, if unnecessary, lead to a slower rate of fracture healing.

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