scholarly journals Effects of surface materials of self-draining beds on cattle behavior in a temperate climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1866-1872
Author(s):  
Ping Liu ◽  
Lulu Guo ◽  
Fulan Zhang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Huaming Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Surface Materials ◽  
Bedding Materials ◽  
Sand Bedding

Objective: The objective of the present experiment was to construct self-draining beds to keep surface bedding materials clean and dry for beef cattle comfort in a temperate climate.Methods: In Experiment 1, a self-draining bed was covered with sand at depths of 10 cm (S-10a), 15 cm (S-15), and 20 cm (S-20) respectively. In Experiment 2, self-draining beds of different sizes were covered with 10 cm of sand (S-10b) and wood shavings (WS) at depths of 15 cm and 20 cm (WS-15 and WS-20). Fifteen cattle were engaged to evaluate the comfort of self-draining beds covered with different bedding materials.Results: No cattle lay in the feed alley and cattle spent more time lying on S-10a than S-15 or S-20 in Experiment 1 (p<0.01). No difference in lying time was detected between S-15 and S-20 (p>0.05). In Experiment 2, no cattle selected the feed alley as the lying area. Cattle preferred WS-15 as the lying area and time spent lying on WS-20 was slightly higher than on S-10b (p<0.05). Feces weight was higher in the feed alley than in the different bedding areas in both Experiments 1 and 2 (p<0.01).Conclusion: Sand-bedding depth at 10 cm and WSs at 15 cm above the self-draining bed can provide for the lying comfort of beef cattle. Design of a special feed alley to hold most of the feces to keep bedding materials clean and dry is desirable for organic beef cattle in a loose barn.

APPLICATION OF SAND AS BEDDING IN BOXES WITH AN LOOSE CATTLE KEEPING AS EXEMPLIFIED BY “ULANOVO” FARM

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
SERGEY P. KAZANTSEV ◽  
◽  
MIKHAIL I. SOLOVIEV ◽  
OLEG M. MELNIKOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Time ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Livestock Population ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
Sand Bedding ◽  
Daily Load

The paper describes the experience of using sand as a bedding material gained by the Ulanovo cattle-breeding farm for 2800 heads located in the Medyn district of the Kaluga region. Removing manure from the passage, maintaining a suffi cient level and evenness of sand in the bed require an integrated approach to mechanization of this process in accordance with the requirements for creating comfortable conditions in the boxes. The authors have analyzed the effi ciency of the machines and equipment used in the livestock farm. It was found that the Mensch V4500 self-propelled machine was more reliable and effi cient when removing manure from the aisles as compared to the Fligl trailed tanker of the VFW 18 000 model. The average daily operating time was 17.1 hours, which is optimal for a farm with 2,800 heads. Mechanized sand bedding shall be preferably made by the trailed W3385 gritter than the self-propelled Mensch M3620 model, although it is more maneuverable, easy to operate and highly productive. But the use of a self-propelled model with a daily load of 5.4 hours is ineff ective for a given livestock population. The technology of using sand as bedding in the Ulanovo farm has shown its eff ectiveness associated with an increase in the productivity of animals, a decrease in mastitis cases, and a decreased disposal rate of animals due to limb diseases. Despite these advantages, this technology has not found wide application in Russia due to the high cost of imported machines and the lack of domestic analogues that provide manure removal and sand introduction into the boxes.

scholarly journals Recycling nutrients from horse manure: effects of bedding type and its compostability

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riikka Keskinen ◽  
Markku Saastamoinen ◽  
Johanna Nikama ◽  
Susanna Särkijärvi ◽  
Marianna Myllymäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Immobilization ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Artificial Rainfall ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Bedding Materials ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

Manure constitutes a nutrient resource that should be efficiently recycled in agriculture. We assessed the nutrient cycling properties of three bedding materials (peat, wood shavings and pelleted straw) in horse manure by comparing their compostability, ability to retain nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) under rainfall and capacity to release N when mixed with soil. Manure with pelleted straw bedding had superior composting characteristics as it lost half of its dry mass, reached temperatures >60 °C and ended up having a carbon (C) to N (C:N) ratio of <15. In percolated water, 4–11% of total manure N and 5–23% of total manure P was leached during a 2 h 15 min event of artificial rainfall. Peat manure was most susceptible to P loss. In all fresh manures, C:N ratio exceeded 30, which led to net N immobilization in soil. Composting decreased the C:N leading to a slight positive or an insignificant fertilizer effect.

scholarly journals Identification of Heavy Metal Plumbum (Pb) in Edible Offal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ellin Harlia ◽  
Roostita L.Balia ◽  
Denny Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Pig Liver ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Bedding Materials

Plumbum (Pb) is a heavy metal that its presence is undesirable because it can lead to the formation of residues in animal or human body which cause health problems. Pb source can be derived from disinfectant, bedding materials, corrosion equipment, paint, animal feed, water and soil. Livestock farming is difficult to avoid Pb contamination, so it is important to do research on the identification of Pb in edible animal offal (pig liver, beef cattle tripe and lamb kidney). This research is an exploratory study on 12 samples of pig liver, 12 samples of beef cattle tripe and 12 samples of lamb kidney which sold in the traditional market in Bandung, the samples were analyzed using AAS machine at Balai Penelitian Veteriner in Bogor, data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 50% of beef cattle tripe contains residues of heavy metals Pb, accounted 0.98 ppm on average, while all samples of pig liver and lamb kidneys contain residues of heavy metals Pb with average residues 0.35 ppm and 0.50 ppm, respectively. This condition is safe because it below the MRL (Maximum Residue Limits) established by SNI which is 1.00 ppm.

scholarly journals Impacts of drainage beds covered with sand and wood shavings on the comfort behaviour of dairy buffalo in a temperate climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Lulu Guo ◽  
Fulan Zhang ◽  
Jinhui Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Dairy Buffalo

scholarly journals Microbial Characteristics and Safety of Dairy Manure ComPosting for Reuse as Dairy Bedding

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Haoming Wu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Lei Dong ◽  
Haiyan Hu ◽  
Lu Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Bedding Materials ◽  
Sand Bedding

Changes in bacterial community, phenotype, metabolic function, and pathogenic bacteria content in recycled manure solids (RMS) were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, Bugbase, picrost2, and qPCR, respectively. The data from RMS bedding were compared to those of sand bedding and rice husk bedding. The results show that the proportion of potentially pathogenic bacteria among the manure flora of RMS after dry and wet separation, after composting, and after sun-cure storage was 74.00%, 26.03%, and 49.067%, respectively. Compared to RMS bedding, the proportion of potentially pathogenic microorganisms in sand bedding and rice husk bedding was higher. The picrust2 analyses show that the level of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis changed significantly during RMS processing. In addition, the qPCR results show that composting could effectively reduce the detection and quantification of pathogens, except Streptococcus uberis, in RMS bedding. In general, composting is an essential step to improve the safety of bedding materials in the process of fecal treatment. However, at the same time, RMS bedding may increase the risk of mastitis caused by Streptococcus uberis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the fertilizer and contamination potential of different broiler litter types subjected to various use cycles

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 7637-7646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Lucía Zapata Marín ◽  
Ilda De Fátima Ferreira Tinôco ◽  
Jairo Alexander Osorio Saraz ◽  
Cecilia De Fátima Souza ◽  
María De Fatima Araujo Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Wood Shaving ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

The aim of this study was to evaluate two types of poultry bedding litter (wood shavings and coffee husks) with increasing use cycles, the best time to proceed with composting based on the carbon/nitrogen ratio and the ability to generate ammonia. The results obtained with the present experiment conditions indicated that the litter with wood shavings in the first cycle and the litter with coffee husks in the first and second cycles presented the best behavior in terms of the C/N ratio needed for later use as compost. In regards to the contamination potential, it was found that increasing the number of reutilizations for both the wood-shaving and coffee-husk litters resulted in a greater ammonia emission.

The effect of maxgrass silage additive and level of concentrate supplementation on silage intake, animal performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
Rosemary E Poots ◽  
M T Carson ◽  
S J Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Primary Growth ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle ◽  
Evaluation Parameters

Maxgrass (BP Chemicals Ltd), a product containing ammonium hexamethanoate, ammonium hexapropionate and carboxylic acids, has been claimed to restrict the extent of WSC fermentation in herbage during ensiling. This has been shown to result in increased DM intake and subsequent animal performance (Kennedy 1990). The objective of the present experiment was to further investigate the effects of this treatment of grass at ensiling and in particular to examine the interaction of the responses with levels of concentrate supplementation when offered to finishing beef cattle. Evaluation parameters included an assessment of additive effect on silage intake, animal performance and carcass characteristics.Approximately 70 tonnes of primary growth grass was ensiled from 22-24 May 1990 into each of eight concrete covered, walled silos (4 per treatment). Grass was treated with Maxgrass (6 l/t) or left untreated. Seventy-two Continental cattle (460 kg) were blocked into groups of 9 according to liveweight and allocated at random to either untreated or Maxgrass treated silage supplemented with 0, 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 kg/day of a 15% CP proprietary beef concentrate or slaughtered.

Effect of Bedding Materials on Concentration of Odorous Compounds and Escherichia coli in Beef Cattle Bedded Manure Packs

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindy J. Spiehs ◽  
Tami M. Brown-Brandl ◽  
David B. Parker ◽  
Daniel N. Miller ◽  
Elaine D. Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Odorous Compounds ◽  
Bedding Materials

scholarly journals Evaluation of perlite, wood shavings and corncobs for bedding material in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Yildirim ◽  
Betül A. Yildirim ◽  
Ahmet Yildiz ◽  
Kübra A. Kapakin Terim ◽  
Seyda Cengiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Expanded Perlite ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Bedding Materials

Bedding material, which is a significant part of rodent housing, affects the health and well-being of laboratory animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate perlite as a bedding material for rodents and to compare it with wood shavings, expanded perlite and corncobs. The animals used in this experiment were 48 male and 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats. The bedding materials collected from experimental groups were analysed microbiologically. Blood samples from rats were subjected to biochemical analysis for catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, superoxide and dismutase, and foot pad skins of rats were subjected to histopathological examination. Body weight was determined at the end of the 30-day period. Perlite as the only bedding material had no effect on body weight, and it resulted in less microbial activity compared with the wood shavings, expanded perlite and corncobs. However, using perlite alone had negative effects on the skin, the moisture percentage of bedding and stress parameters. A wood shavingsperlite combination gave better results than perlite alone and appropriate perlite and other bedding material mixtures may result in bedding materials conducive to animal health and welfare. The frequency of changing the bedding material should be limited to once weekly.

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