Electrical storage systems as a tool for power consumption regulation of the marine port

В мире наблюдается рост роли технологий накопления электроэнергии в составе современных систем электроснабжения, работающих в рамках концепции умных сетей. К новым направлениям относится их использование в составе систем электроснабжения морских портов, которые до недавнего времени считались одними из самых консервативных. В работе рассмотрены основные предпосылки и тенденции развития систем электроснабжения морских портов. С использованием методологии Prisma представлены результаты анализа современных исследований в области устойчивого развития электроэнергетики морских портов. Определены современные и перспективные направления использования накопителей электроэнергии в системах электроснабжения морских портов. На примере Калининградского морского торгового порта рассмотрены особенности технологических отношений с точки зрения обмена мощностью и энергией с энергосистемой. Приведены результаты анализа электропотребления порта за период в один год, показаны особенности и выделены причины неравномерности суточных графиков нагрузки. С целью оценки возможных режимов работы накопителя электроэнергии предложен алгоритм обработки данных суточных графиков нагрузки. Показана роль прогнозирования электропотребления при использовании систем хранения электроэнергии и дан анализ зависимостей электропотребления от внешних факторов. One of the modern global trends is the growing role of energy storage technologies as part of modern power supply systems operating within the framework of the smart grid concept. New research areas include energy storage systems introduction into power supply systems of seaports, which until recent times were considered as one of the most conservative. The paper considers the background and trends in the development of marine ports power supply systems. The paper provides the results of the modern research analysis in the field of sustainable development of the marine ports electric power industry obtained with the Prisma methodology. The existing and promising directions for the energy storage systems application in the power supply systems of marine ports have been identified. On the example of the Kaliningrad Sea Trade Port, the author considers the peculiarities of technological relations from the point of view of exchange of power and energy with the power system. The results of the analysis of the port’s power consumption for a period of one year are given, the features are shown and the reasons for the unevenness of the daily load schedules are highlighted. In order to assess the possible modes of energy storage systems operation, an algorithm for processing the data of daily load curves is proposed. The role of power consumption forecasting for energy storage systems is shown and an analysis of the dependences of power consumption on external factors is given.

Improving the System Efficiency of CHP in the Context of Increasing Requirements for the Maneuverability and Environmental Friendliness of Power Plants

New trends in the fight against climate change on the planet, suggesting a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, are influencing the formation of a new structure of the electric power system. As the experience of the European Union shows, the active development of renewable energy sources affects the electrical modes of operation of power plants and in the future can lead to a decrease in electricity production in a highly efficient combined generation mode at CHPPs. Thus, there is an acute issue of finding a place for a CHP plant in the emerging power systems, in which generating equipment will be especially in demand, effectively operating in half-peak and peak modes to cover the daily load unevenness. The development and commissioning of a highly maneuverable GTU-CHPP, capable of operating in a combined generation mode with daily starts / stops, can significantly increase the efficiency of electricity generation in the peak part of the daily load schedule. The system effect of the commisionning of 10 GW of highly maneuverable GtU-CHPPs within the UES of Russia will reduce the consumption of fossil fuel by 19.6 million tce per year and CO2 and NOx emissions by 55 million tons and 24.7 thousand tons per year, respectively.

Research on Classification of Daily Load Curve of Distribution Network Based on Improved SSA-FCM

In the analysis of three-phase unbalance in distribution network, the accuracy of daily load curve classification results determines the size of three-phase unbalance. Aiming at the shortcomings of Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), a fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm (SSA-FCM) optimized based on Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) is proposed. The cluster validity evaluation index is introduced to get the optimal quantity of clusters, and the SSA is used to search for the initial cluster center, which solves the problem that the FCM algorithm relies on the initial value and is easy to converge to local optimal solution. The simulation results show that, compared with the FCM algorithm, the load curves classified into the same category by SSA-FCM are closer together.

MODEL OF EVALUATION THE FEASIBILITY OF INDUSTRIAL CUSTOMERS TO HOURLY ACCOUNTING OF RETAIL ELECTRICITY MARKET

The main differences in pricing and tariffing for industrial consumers of electricity with different forms of electricity metering are considered. Based on the analysis of tariff formation for the final consumer of electricity, components are identified that have a significant impact on the results of solving the problem of assessing the feasibility of the consumer's transition to hourly electricity metering. Such components include the cost of purchasing electricity in the market segment "day ahead" and the cost of accrued imbalances. The relative daily profile of electricity consumption is considered in order to study the influence of the features of the daily load schedule on the weighted average daily market price of electricity. The importance of estimating the cost of daily load profiles when comparing the cost of electricity for the consumer in the group with integrated electricity metering and in terms of individual hourly metering is substantiated. The effect of underestimation of volumes and value of imbalances in the group with integrated electricity metering in comparison with hourly accruals of volumes and value of imbalances is theoretically substantiated. The main components for comparative assessment of the expediency of the consumer's exit from the group with integrated metering of electricity and the transition to its hourly metering according to the individual daily load schedule are identified. Mathematical models for comparative calculations are developed. The use of these models allows to make an economically justified decision on the expediency of the consumer leaving the group without hourly metering of electricity to the model of purchasing electricity with hourly metering. The main approaches to such an assessment are demonstrated on the example of calculations for an industrial enterprise in some regions of Ukraine. Bibl. 15, fig. 3.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Small-Scale Rooftop PV Systems: The Case of Dragotin, Croatia

A large drop in prices of photovoltaic (PV) equipment, an increase in electricity prices, and increasing environmental pressure to use renewable energy sources that pollute the environment significantly less than the use of fossil fuels have led to a large increase in installed roof PV capacity in many parts of the world. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness of installing PV systems in the rural continental part of Croatia on existing family houses. A typical example is a house in Dragotin, Croatia with an annual consumption of 4211.70 kWh of electricity on which PV panels are placed facing south under the optimal slope. The calculation of the optimal size of a PV power plant with a capacity of 3.6 kW, without battery energy storage, was performed by the Homer program. The daily load curve was obtained by measuring the electricity consumption at the facility every hour during a characteristic day in the month of June. As most of the activities are related to electricity consumption, repeating during most days of the year, and taking into account seasonal activities, daily load curves were made for a characteristic day in each month of the year. Taking into account the insolation for the specified location, using the Internet platform Solargis Prospect, hourly data on the electricity production of selected PV modules for a characteristic day in each month were obtained. Based on the previous data, the electricity injected into the grid and taken from the grid was calculated. Taking into account the current tariffs for the sale and purchase of electricity, investment prices, and maintenance of equipment, the analysis shows that such a PV system can pay off in 10.5 years without government incentives.

Design and analysis of solar cell systems 100Wp in the Study Program Laboratory Electrical Engineering UHN Medan

Currently, the use of solar cells is being developed as an alternative source of electricity generation. Studies and research are constantly looking for ways to increase the efficiency of using solar cells. This study aims to provide information to students of the Electrical Engineering study program at UHN Medan about the design, manufacture, simulation of the ETAP program, technical and economic analysis. Electrical load capacity in the laboratory room with daily load of 45Wh and peak load of 82 watts. Then the recommended designs are: 100Wp solar panel, BCR 40A, 102Ah battery and 1500VA inverter. The total cost required for the investment period is IDR. 18,954,000. Observations were made by taking light intensity data that occurred for 4 days in the laboratory. The equipment used for this measurement is: a luxmeter for measuring light intensity and a digital multimeter for measuring currents and voltages. The results show that. when the intensity condition is 49.0Klux, the voltage is 12.08VDC and the current is 0.47A. The highest light intensity occurs on the day of August 14, 2020 between 13.00-13.30WIB of 93.0Klux producing a voltage of 12.09VDC and an electric current of 0.90mA.