scholarly journals Aspecto nutricional do biocarvão na produção de mudas de rúcula em condições semiáridas

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Joabe Freitas Crispim ◽  
Jailma Suerda Silva de Lima ◽  
Jessika Kaliane Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Antônio Gideilson Correia da Silva ◽  
Gabriel Kariel Ferreira Ferdandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
High Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
R Software ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Neck Diameter

The biochar obtained from pyrolysis of vegetable biomass gives the plant a good nutritional supply and has a high water retention capacity, however there are still few studies evaluating its use in the production of leafy vegetable seedlings. With that, the objective of this work was to determine proportions of biochar in sand that allow better development of rocket seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA). The experimental design used was completely randomized with six treatments (0; 10; 20; 30; 40; 50% of biochar) and ten replications. The evaluated characteristics were: Twinning; Number of leaves per plant; Root length; Plant height; Neck diameter; Fresh and dry mass of plants and water content in the plant. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The procedure for adjusting the response curves was performed using the R software. The 50% biochar proportion is recommended in the production of arugula seedlings as it provides better development in the plants, promoting significant improvements in all the characteristics analyzed, except germination and number of leaves per plant.

Properties and Management of Allophanic Soils

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. R. Juo ◽  
Kathrin Franzluebbers
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
High Soil

Allophanic soils are dark-colored young soils derived mainly from volcanic ash. These soils typically have a low bulk density (< 0.9 Mg/m3), a high water retention capacity (100% by weight at field capacity), and contain predominantly allophanes, imogolite, halloysite, and amorphous Al silicates in the clay fraction. These soils are found in small, restricted areas with volcanic activity. Worldwide, there are about 120 million ha of allophanic soils, which is about 1% of the Earth's ice-free land surface. In tropical regions, allophanic soils are among the most productive and intensively used agricultural soils. They occur in the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Caribbean and South Pacific islands, East Africa, Central America, and the Andean rim of South America. Allophanic soils are primarily Andisols and andic Inceptisols, Entisols, Mollisols, and Alfisols according to the Soil Taxonomy classification. Allophanic soils generally have a dark-colored surface soil, slippery or greasy consistency, a predominantly crumb and granular structure, and a low bulk density ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 Mg/m3. Although allophanic soils are apparently well-drained, they still have a very high water content many days after rain. When the soil is pressed between fingers, it gives a plastic, greasy, but non-sticky sensation of a silty or loamy texture. When dry, the soil loses its greasiness and becomes friable and powdery. The low bulk density of allophanic soils is closely related to the high soil porosity. For example, moderately weathered allophanic soils typically have a total porosity of 78%, with macro-, meso-, and micropores occupying 13%, 33%, and 32%, respectively. Water retained in the mesopores is readily available for plant uptake. Water retained in the micropores is held strongly by soil particles and is not readily available for plant use. The macropores provide soil aeration and facilitate water infiltration. The high water retention capacity is also associated with the high soil porosity. In allophanic soils formed under a humid climate, especially those containing large amounts of allophane, the moisture content at field capacity can be as high as 300%, calculated on a weight basis. Such extremely high values of water content seem misleading.

scholarly journals Collect Seasons, Indolebutyric Acid and Substrates on Rooting of ‘Bengal’ Lychee Cuttings

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Ronan C. Colombo ◽  
Adriane M. de Assis ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Lilian Y. Yamamoto ◽  
Sergio R. Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Promising Alternative

Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) propagation by cuttings is a promising alternative in commercial production of seedlings, since it is an easy procedure, in addition to enabling the standardization in the field and the reduction in production costs. Therefore the objective of this work was to evaluate ‘Bengal’ lychee cuttings rooting, collected in spring and summer, using different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and substrates. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 5 replications and 10 cuttings per plot, and the following factors were adopted: IBA concentrations (0; 1,000 and 2,000 mg L-1) and types of substrates (carbonized rice husk, vermiculite medium granules and coconut fiber). At 140 days, the following variables were evaluated: cuttings survival; leaf maintenance; cuttings unrooted with calli; cuttings rooted; roots number per cutting; root length and root dry mass. In addition, the pH, electrical conductivity, density and water retention capacity of the substrates were evaluated. There was no difference in IBA concentrations applied in both evaluated periods. However, in the spring, the carbonized rice husk provided highest mean for the measured variables. On the other hand, in the summer, the rooting percentage presented a lower average in all substrates (< 1%), independent of the IBA concentrations. It was concluded that the ‘Bengal’ lychee propagation by cutting can be carried out in the spring, using carbonized rice husk as substrate, without IBA.

scholarly journals Testing of experimental samples of nanofibrillar cellulose in the production of lightweight coated paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
E.T. Tyurin ◽  
◽  
A.A. Zuikov ◽  
A.I. Bondarev ◽  
L.P. Gulyanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Paper Coatings ◽  
Nanofibrillar Cellulose ◽  
Coating Composition

The influence of nanofibrillar cellulose samples on the coating compositions water retention is considered. It was shown that gels of nanofibrillar cellulose and coating compositions based on them are distinguished by a high water-retention capacity during centrifugation (50.8% and 31.0% versus 17.7% with NaCMC). A preliminary assessment of the printing and technical properties of light weight coated paper (LWC) using nanofibrillar cellulose in the coating composition has been carried out. The technical characteristics of nanofibrillar cellulose have been determined, formulations of lightweight paper coatings have been developed for high-speed modern equipment.

Innovative green roof with high water retention and durability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Cornelius Buch-Hanser ◽  
Guangli Du ◽  
David John Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Concrete Element ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Roof System

<p>Given the rapid increase in urban populations, combined with the effects of climate change, cities are struggling to provide green spaces to address liveability as well as adaptability to new challenges. Water retention and bio-diversity are the main advantages of green roofs. There are, however, limitations to green roofs that impede their acceptance and proliferation. There is for example uncertainty on how much water they retain during major storm events. In terms of building technology, green roofs today aren’t robust, and the risk for leakage through the roof membrane is disproportionally high when compared to the cost. A newly developed innovative green roof system with high water retention capacity and high durability will be presented. The patented prefabricated technology incorporate insulation and membrane into a single concrete element, ensuring improved robustness, quickened building times and a long term durable product. Initial indications for pricing indicate that the system is price-neutral when compared with green roofs as they are built today. The optimized structural performance obtain same loadbearing capacity, as existing systems, in spite of the relatively increased space created for water reservoir, without compromising the insulation capacity, hence the new green roof system further contribute to increased sustainability.</p>

scholarly journals USE OF NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGEL WITH N-UREA IN THE PRODUCTION OF EGGPLANT SEEDLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Josiane Souza Salles ◽  
Marçal Henrique Amici Jorge ◽  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Raphael Augusto de Castro e Melo ◽  
Alexandre Henrique Freitas de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogel ◽  
State University ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

The use of quality seedlings of eggplant is directly related to the success of their production, with polymers added to the substrate, which work as water conditioners, increase the water retention capacity, and provide better seedling quality. The study aimed to evaluate the use of nanocomposite hydrogel enriched with different proportions of N-urea in the production of eggplant seedlings. The experiment was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cassilândia, MS, Brazil, from June to August 2019, under sombrite® 30%. Five treatments were evaluated, using the commercial substrate, Carolina Soil®: 1) commercial substrate without hydrogel; 2) commercial substrate with 0.075g of pure hydrogel (0.00g of N-urea)/15 mL of a substrate; 3) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 10% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate; 4) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 20% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate, and 5) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 40% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate. The experiment was conducted with four replications of 25 seedlings. The emergence speed index, percentage of emergence, height, number of leaves, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, and total dry matter were evaluated, as well as the Dickson Quality Index. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (SPEEDSTAT statistical software) and grouping test of means. A regression analysis was performed to adjust equations for some of the variables. The best seedlings can be obtained using the dosage of 28.83% N-urea with 0.075g of hydrogel per 15 ml of the substrate, according to the DQI adjustment, which includes several traits of the seedlings, thus reflecting on its quality.

scholarly journals ACLIMATIZAÇÃO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE Anthurium maricense COM DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Guilherme Vieira do Bomfim ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ACLIMATIZAÇÃO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE Anthurium maricense COM DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO     ARLENE SANTISTEBAN CAMPOS1; GUILHERME VIEIRA DO BOMFIM2; ANA CRISTINA PORTUGAL PINTO DE CARVALHO3; BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO2; ANA CECÍLIA RIBEIRO DE CASTRO3 E DENISE VIEIRA VASCONCELOS4   1Departamento de ciência do solo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]. 2Departamento de engenharia agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected]. 3Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Pernambuco, 2270, Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected]. 4Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Estrada de Ferro de Bragança, s/nº, Taíra, CEP: 68600-000, Bragança, Pará, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação na aclimatização de mudas micropropagadas de Anthurium maricense. O delineamento experimental foi o completamente ao acaso, composto por cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições de quatro mudas cada. Os tratamentos foram as lâminas de irrigação estimadas com cinco percentuais da capacidade de retenção de água (CRA) do substrato: 50; 75; 100; 125; e 150% da CRA. As mudas foram cultivadas individualmente em vasos de 415 mL contendo o substrato comercial HS Flores®. Durante a aclimatização, as mudas foram irrigadas duas vezes ao dia e receberam adubações foliares em dias alternados. Foram analisadas as variáveis: incremento na altura da muda (IAM); incremento no número de folhas por muda (INF); incremento na área da maior folha (IAMF); ocupação de vaso (OV); taxa de fotossíntese líquida (A); carbono interno (Ci); e temperatura (Ti) e umidade (Ui) foliar. Com base nos resultados, supõe-se que as mudas de A. maricense possam apresentar evidência de resistência ao déficit hídrico. A lâmina de irrigação estimada com 150% da CRA proporciona o maior valor de IAMF. Lâminas de irrigação intermediárias, entre 100 e 125% da CRA, proporcionam os maiores valores de IAM, INF e OV.   Palavras-chave: antúrio, plantas ornamentais, manejo da irrigação.     CAMPOS, A. S.; BOMFIM, G. V. do; CARVALHO, A. C. P. P. de; AZEVEDO, B. M. de; CASTRO, A. C. R. de; VASCONCELOS, D. V. ACLIMATIZATION OF MICROPROPAGATE PLANTLETS OF Anthurium maricense WITH DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPHTS     2 ABSTRACT   The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of micropropagated plantlets of Anthurium maricense during the acclimatization phase in screen environment, under different irrigation depths based on percentages of water retention capacity (WRC), on the weather conditions in the greenhouse environment. The experimental design was completely randomized, composed of five irrigation depths, with four replicates and four plantlets per plot. The treatments consisted of irrigation depths estimated with five levels of water retention capacity (WRC) of the substrate: 50; 75; 100; 125; and 150% of WRC. The plantlets were cultivated in 415 mL pots with HS Flowers® substrate. During the acclimatization, all plantlets were irrigated twice a day and fertilized, on alternate days, with leaf fertilization. The variables analyzed were: plant height increment (PHI); number of leaves increment (NLI); largest leaf area increment (LLAI); pot occupation (PO); net photosynthetic rate (A); internal carbon (Ci); leaf temperature (Ti) and leaf moisture (Ui). Based on the results obtained, it is assumed that A. maricense micropropagated plantlets may present evidence of resistance to water deficit. The estimated irrigation depth of 150% of WRC provides the highest value of LLAV. Intermediate irrigation depth, between 100 and 125% of the WRC, provide the highest values of PHV, NLV and PO.   Keywords: anthurium, ornamental plant, irrigation management.

scholarly journals Kalanchoe crop development under different levels of irrigation

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Cibele Soares ◽  
Ana Rita Costenaro Parizi ◽  
Francieli Ribeiro Corrêa ◽  
Francielle Altíssimo Bortolás ◽  
Jumar Luis Russi
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Despite its importance in the floriculture sector, irrigation management of kalanchoe is characterized by empiricism, being necessary further studies on the use of water by this crop. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the several effects of irrigation levels on the growth of kalanchoe crop conducted in greenhouse in the municipality of Alegrete, state of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was conducted in a 7 x 15 m protected environment. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (irrigation levels corresponding to 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the pot water retention capacity - PC) and four repetitions, totaling sixteen plots. The crop cycle was 224 days after transplanting and the applied average depths were: 451.82; 367.38; 282.94; 198.51 mm for treatments: 100; 80; 60 and 40% of PC, respectively. Canopy area and number of leaves per plant were evaluated over the crop cycle. In the end of the cycle, the canopy diameter, number of inflorescences per plant and the number of flowers per plant were evaluated. No significant differences were found only to the canopy area, by the F test. Irrigation water depths between 40 and 70% of the pot capacity were more appropriate for the crop growth in the study region. The cultivar presented the best development at irrigation levels below the maximum vessel water retention capacity, that is, it is resistant to drought.

Utilization of Prosopis Juliflora Root Powder as a Self Curing Agent

2019 ◽  
pp. 342-345
Author(s):  
Pradeesh V ◽  
Karthikeyan S ◽  
Prabakaran D
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Water Holding

Curing plays a chief function in the improving the strength of concrete. The function of a self-curing agent is to save the water and to reduce the water evaporation from the concrete, and hence they increase the water retention capacity of concrete compared to the conventionally cured concrete. Prosopisjuliflora root powder is used as admixtures for self-curing concrete in this study. Prosopisjuliflora (SeemaiKaruvelam in Tamil) grows tremendously and spreads due to its mechanism to overcome adverse conditions of like drought and salt. With deep penetrating roots, it can draw water from deeper layers. Their root has high water holding capacity, so powder made from it can be used as admixture for self-curing concrete. This project involves the experimental investigation of self-curing of concrete by using Prosopisjuliflora root powder. Tests on fresh concrete and hardened concrete were conducted. From the results, we have concluded that adding prosopisjuliflora root powder as a self-curing agent in the concrete mix at various percentages, the addition of 0.75% of prosopisjuliflora root powder by the weight of cement attains the 28 days compressive strength of a conventional M25 grade concrete in 7 days.

scholarly journals Yellow passion fruit tree sexual propagation by different mucilage extraction methods and substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Adriane Assis ◽  
Sergio Roberto ◽  
Vitor Júnior ◽  
Carla Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Hoshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial development of yellow passion fruit, as a function of the method of extracting the mucilage of the seeds (washing in water, fermentation in water and fermentation in water + sugar) and substrates (carbonized rice husk, coconut fiber and vermiculite). The completely randomized design with nine treatments and five replicates, with 50 seeds was used, in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement (three mucilage extraction methods and three types of substrates). After 56 days of sowing, the following variables were evaluated seedling emergence percentage, number of leaves, leaf area, stem length and root largest length, dry mass of shoot and roots; and substrates characteristics such as pH, electric conductivity, density and water retention capacity. The emergence speed index was evaluated daily from sowing. It is verified that, except for the number of leaves and the shoot dry matter mass, the other variables were influenced by the study factors. In general, in the seeds without fermentation and fermentation in water mixed with sugar, the highest averages were obtained, regardless of the substrate used. Thus, both mucilage extraction methods and all tested substrates are indicated in the initial development of yellow passion fruit.

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