scholarly journals Dormancy in native fruit seeds of the Brazilian South Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Pirola ◽  
Américo Wagner Junior ◽  
Marcelo Dotto ◽  
Darcieli Aparecida Cassol ◽  
Jean Carlo Possenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Technological University

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether seeds from six native fruit species ofthe South Brazilian regionhad any type of dormancy, as well as, to verify if they havephotoblastism. The work was carried out at the Plant Physiology Laboratoryofthe Federal Technological University of Paraná –Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. The influence of photoperiod factors and techniques for overcoming dormancy were tested on the germination of Eugenia uniflora L.(Surinan cherry), Plinia peruviana(native jabuticaba), Plinia cauliflora(hybrid jabuticaba), Eugenia involucrataDC. (Rio Grande cherry), Myrcianthes pungens(guabiju) and Campomanesia guazumifolia(sete capoteiro). The seeds were exposed in a condition of total darkness or photoperiod of 24 hours, being the levels of one of factors tested. The techniques for breaking dormancy tested werethe immersion in gibberellic acid solution (200 mg L-1); stratification at 5°C for 30 days; immersion in water at room temperature for 24 hours; immersion in hot water (80°C) for five minutes; immersion in sulfuric acid solution (96%) for five minutes; and manual physical scarification with 120 grit sandpaper. The seeds were also tested without using any technique, making up the controlstreatments with or without light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme (luminosity x treatment for breaking dormancy), with four replications of 100 seeds. After 60 days, germination (%), percentage of accumulated germination, germination speed index and average germination time were analyzed. The seeds of most of the studied native species do not present dormancy or the effect of photoblastism, except for “sete capoteiro”seedswho are supposed to have morphophysiological dormancy, with negative photoblastism. The use of hot water or sulfuric acid in the seeds of native fruit trees is not recommended.

scholarly journals Métodos para a Superação de Dormência da Tarumarana

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Cristiane Ramos Vieira ◽  
Joás Dos Santos Soares ◽  
Bruno Conceição de Veiga ◽  
Maicon Marinho Vieira Araujo ◽  
Rayza Samara de Assis Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

A tarumarana (Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler) é uma espécie florestal com potencial para a recomposição florestal no bioma Cerrado. No entanto, a formação das mudas dessa espécie, via semente, fica comprometida, por esta apresentar dormência tegumentar. Com base nessa problemática, desenvolveu-se um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar a escarificação ácida e a imersão em água, como métodos para a superação da dormência de pirênios de tarumarana. Os tratamentos testados foram: T0 – sem tratamento para superação da dormência; T1 – imersão em água quente por uma hora; T2 – imersão em água quente por uma hora e meia; T3 – imersão em água quente por duas horas; T4 – imersão em ácido sulfúrico por uma hora; T5 – imersão em ácido sulfúrico por uma hora e meia. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 20 pirênios de tarumarana por repetição. Ao final de 30 dias, a contar do começo das emergências, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), o tempo médio de germinação (TMG), porcentagem de germinação (G) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), comprimento da parte aérea (H) e diâmetro de coleto (DC). O método mais eficiente para a superação da dormência dos pirênios de tarumarana foi a imersão em água quente por uma hora e meia, que garantiu a maior taxa de germinação. No entanto, a imersão em água quente, como método para superação da dormência de pirênios de tarumarana, não influenciou de forma significativa no crescimento inicial em altura e em diâmetro das mudas obtidas.   Palavras-chave: Buchenavia Tomentosa. Ácido Sulfúrico. Água Quente. Quebra de Dormência. Semente Florestal.   Abstract Tarumarana (Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler) is a forest species with potential for restoration in the Cerrado biome. However, the formation of seedlings of this species, via seed, is compromised, because it presents integumentary dormancy. Based on this problem, an experiment was developed with the objective of evaluating acid scarification and immersion in water, as methods for overcoming dormancy in tarumarana pyrenes. The tested treatments were: T0 - without treatment to overcome dormancy; T1 - immersion in hot water for one hour; T2 - immersion in hot water for one hour and a half; T3 - immersion in hot water for two hours; T4 - immersion in sulfuric acid for one hour; T5 - immersion in sulfuric acid for one hour and a half. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design, with 20 pyrenes of tarumarana per repetition. At the end of 30 days, counting from the beginning of emergencies, the following variables were evaluated: germination speed index (IVG), average germination time (TMG), germination percentage (G), the germination speed index (IVG), shoot length (H) and diameter (DC). The most efficient method for overcoming dormancy in tarumarana pyrenes was immersion in hot water for one hour and a half, which guaranteed the highest germination percentage. However, immersion in hot water, as a method to overcome dormancy of tarumarana pyrenes, did not influence, significantly, the initial growth in height and diameter of the seedlings obtained.   Keywords: Buchenavia tomentosa. Sulfuric Acid. Hot Water. Breaking Dormancy. Forest Seed.

Investigation on Properties of Anodized 7075 Slurry Cast Aluminum after Sealing

2018 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Apichaya Khunphet ◽  
Somjai Janudom ◽  
Narissara Mahathaninwong
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Oxide Film ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cast Aluminum ◽  
Porous Oxide ◽  
Nickel Fluoride ◽  
Al Oxide

This work investigated the effects of sealing agents on properties of 7075 slurry cast substrate anodized in 1M sulfuric acid solution. The sealing agents tested were hot water, potassium dichromate, teflon, and nickel fluoride. It was found that anodized 7075 slurry cast Al oxide film sealed with teflon gave the highest hardness and the best corrosion resistance. It is possible that the porous oxide film was plugged by teflon, reducing porosity more than hot water, potassium dichromate, or nickel fluoride sealing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of several methods for breaking dormancy of bitter vetch seeds (Vicia ervilia L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Reza Rouhi ◽  
Ali Sepehri ◽  
Leila Sefidkhani ◽  
Fatemeh Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Bitter Vetch ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Parameters

Abstract This study analysed the effects of different treatments on breaking dormancy and germination of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) freshly harvested seeds for seeding immediately. Partial scarified seeds (30 seconds with sandpaper) were subjected to different treatments including: GA3 (250, 500 and 750 ppm), KNO3 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/v), cold stratification (2, 4 and 6 days), sulfuric acid (25, 50 and 75 seconds), hot water (90°C; for 2.5 and 5 minutes), hydropriming via seed soaking in distilled water (4 and 8 hours) and mechanical scarification. Among the mentioned treatments, cold stratification for 6 days had a best effect on germination related parameters final germination percentage, mean germination time and vigour indexthan the other periods. In contrast to scarification with acid and hot water, mechanical scarification improved germination parameters but this effect was lower than the cold stratification. The results suggest that bitter vetch seed has both physical and physiological dormancy.

scholarly journals DORMANCY OVERCOMING IN Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth SEEDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Claudio Brito Coêlho ◽  
Fernanda Vanilly de Lira Paulo ◽  
Bruno Leal Viana
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wood Structures ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Family ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth is a tree species of the family Fabaceae. The species is well adapted to dry and poor lands, being indicated for reforesting activities, being widely used on wood structures for civil construction, and also as a species with high medicinal potential. This study aimed to evaluate methods for overcoming dormancy of B. virgilioides seeds through different types of scarification and water submersion. To do so, four treatments and control were used: T1 - seeds with no treatment, T2 – mechanical scarification with # 120 sandpaper; T3 – chemical scarification with concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) for 10 minutes; T4 – submersion in hot water (80°C) for 5 minutes; T5 – submersion in water at room temperature (approximately 30°C) for 48h. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the analyzed variables were: germination percentage (%G), average germination speed (VMG) and average germination time (TMG). Data was analyzed using the “GerminaQuant” software and results compared using Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Germination percentage was higher for treatments 3 and 4, with the decreasing sequence: T3 – 82%, T4 – 64%, T2 – 9%, T1 – 4% and T5 – 2%. Regarding average germination time, only T2 and T1 were statistically different from each other, T2 had the shortest time (10.33) and T1 the longest time (30.33). For VMG, T2 and T3 presented the best results, being statistically different from the other treatments, with 0.093 and 0.085 as respective results of T2 and T3. It could be concluded that treatments with immersion in sulfuric acid for 10 minutes (T3) and immersion in water at temperature of 80°C for five minutes (T4) are more efficient for improving germination percentage of B.virgilioides seeds, being the recommended methods for overcoming seed dormancy.

scholarly journals Overcoming dormancy in seeds of Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Thiago Roberto Rezende Borges ◽  
Maurecilne Lemes da Silva ◽  
Givanildo Zildo da Silva ◽  
Diego Ismael Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dunnett's Test ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract Seminiferous propagation of Dietes bicolor is hindered by the probable physical and/or morphophysiological dormancy. The objective was to analyze the efficacy of different methods of overcoming dormancy in D. bicolor seeds to determine a possible pre-germination treatment for the species. Two experiments were conducted: (I) Evaluation of the breaking of physical dormancy, in which the treatments of mechanical scarification were carried using sandpaper #100; chemical scarification with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 5 and 10 minutes and immersion in hot water (70 ºC), also, for 5 and 10 minutes, were evaluated. The intact seed was considered a control. (II) Evaluation of morphophysiological dormancy, in which the seeds were submitted to combined treatments of stratification of hot temperature (20-35 °C) and/or cold temperature (9 ºC), distributed in periods of 0, 1, and 2 weeks, totalizing 9 treatments. In both experiments, germination percentage (G), germination speed index (GSI), and first count (FC) were determined, using a randomized block design, and evaluated by the Scott-Knott test at 1% and Dunnett’s test at 5%. The use of H2SO4 10 minutes induced 42% germination, 0.52 GSI, and 18% FC, but only FC was significantly different from the control. In the second trial, the treatment that spent only two weeks in hot temperatures (20-35 ºC) showed the highest germination (30%), compared to the control (G = 22%). These results provide relevant information for understanding the physiology of D. bicolor germination, in addition to contributing to the optimization of pre-germination practices for this important ornamental species.

scholarly journals Phenological stages of native Myrtaceae species based on the BBCH scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e3719108573
Author(s):  
Karina Guollo ◽  
Kelli Pirola ◽  
Américo Wagner Junior ◽  
Carlos Kosera Neto ◽  
Marcelo Dotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Complete Cycle ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brazilian Flora ◽  
Technological University ◽  
Unpublished Information

The aim of this study was to characterize the development of flowers and fruits in native species of the family Myrtaceae based on the BBCH scale in search for unique and unpublished information about the Brazilian flora. The study was conducted in the Native Fruit Collection of the Federal Technological University of Parana, Campus Dois Vizinhos. We carried out photographic monitoring of eight species of the family Myrtaceae: pitanga tree, araçá-amarelo tree, cereja-da-mata tree, jabuticaba tree, ubajaí tree, guabiju tree, guabiroba tree, and sete-capote tree. The phenological stages follow the general BBCH scale for fruit species, in which the complete cycle of plant development is subdivided into 10 main phases. This study is the first to describe the phenological stages of these species according to the BBCH scale, which facilitates verification of all phases of different vegetative and reproductive stages of the investigated species. Such scales may serve as important and useful tools for appropriate management of orchards, and thereby improved fruit cultivation.

scholarly journals Dormancy, storability, and germination of seeds in Magnolia punduana (Magnoliaceae)

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viheno Iralu ◽  
Krishna Upadhaya
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Physical Treatments ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Embryo Length ◽  
Threatened Tree Species

Magnolia punduana Hk. f. & Th. (syn. Michelia punduana) is a threatened tree species restricted to northeastern India. The seeds remain dormant for 6 months after dispersal. Seed development and breaking of dormancy was investigated in the present study. Physical treatments such as water (cold, hot, and boiling) and acid and manual scarification proved ineffective in breaking dormancy. Matured seeds had linear and underdeveloped embryos at the time of dispersal with an embryo to seed length (E:S) ratio of 0.13. Germinating seeds showed a significant increase in the embryo length with an E:S ratio of 0.36. Cold stratification (CS) at 5 °C effectively broke dormancy. The embryo grew significantly after CS, indicating the presence of “non-deep simple” morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Application of GA3 had a significant effect on germination and the lowest germination time with the shortest T50 was observed in seeds treated with 3000 mg·L−1 GA3. KNO3 did not have an influence on breaking dormancy except in combination with GA3, which increased the germination percentage significantly. CS for 90 days and GA3 (3000 mg·L−1) at 25 °C resulted in optimum germination. In the test for viability, seeds stored at 5 °C showed highest viability of 66.66% after 180 days.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Pretreatment Methods on Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum, Poaceae)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
J. J. Cheboi ◽  
G. Mungabe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Seed dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major problem attributing to yield loss. It is a complex evolutionary trait that temporarily prevents seed germination, thus allowing seedling growth at a favorable season. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different pre-treatments on germination. The pre-germination treatments included mechanical scarification, soaking seeds in hot water at 100°C for 5 minutes, cold water for 24 hours and untreated (control). Two hundred seeds were used for each treatment. Seeds treated with cold and hot water commenced germination after 4 days and achieved 84%, 78.5% respectively germination within 10 days which was significantly different (P < 0.05) from other treatments, especially the untreated seeds which had the lowest germination of 30%, and commenced first germination after 10 days. The results showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in germination percentage and germination time. Results obtained in this experiment indicate that the pre-germination treatment of Farasi wheat seeds by using cold and hot water treatments can enhance germination of the seeds by breaking dormancy.

scholarly journals Stratification of yerba mate seeds in a commercial nursery and the emergence monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Mara Cíntia Winhelmann ◽  
Julia Gastmann ◽  
Leo Jaime de Vargas ◽  
Jader Vivian Zeni ◽  
Elisete Maria de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy

Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil. is a native species in Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Propagation is carried out by seeds that have a low germination rate and morphophysiological dormancy. In order to increase the germination percentage, stratification treatments and emergence monitoring were tested. For this, yerba mate seeds were subjected to stratification treatments: Treatment 1 - seeds between two sand layers; Treatment 2 - seeds between two sand layers and commercial substrate covered with corn straw; Treatment 3 - seeds between two sand layers with the addition of 4.0 g "L" ^"-1"  of slow-release fertilizer (16-8-12 - 6 months); Treatment 4 - seeds between two sand layers covered with corn straw; and a control treatment - seeds without stratification. The stratification period for all treatments was 180 days, and at 120, 150, and 180 days, 100 seeds were removed per repetition from each treatment for emergence tests, with weekly observation for 180-days in a completely randomized design. After that period, the tetrazolium test was performed with the seeds that did not emerge. At 120-days of stratification there was no emergence and at 150-days it was 0.83%. At 180-days, treatment 3 showed the highest percentage - 13.19%. Seeds without stratification do not germinate and after 180-days of emergence the amount of non-viable seeds increased in all treatments. Stratification in sand with slow-release fertilizer favors the emergence of yerba mate seedlings.

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