Evaluation of several methods for breaking dormancy of bitter vetch seeds (Vicia ervilia L.)

Abstract This study analysed the effects of different treatments on breaking dormancy and germination of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) freshly harvested seeds for seeding immediately. Partial scarified seeds (30 seconds with sandpaper) were subjected to different treatments including: GA3 (250, 500 and 750 ppm), KNO3 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% w/v), cold stratification (2, 4 and 6 days), sulfuric acid (25, 50 and 75 seconds), hot water (90°C; for 2.5 and 5 minutes), hydropriming via seed soaking in distilled water (4 and 8 hours) and mechanical scarification. Among the mentioned treatments, cold stratification for 6 days had a best effect on germination related parameters final germination percentage, mean germination time and vigour indexthan the other periods. In contrast to scarification with acid and hot water, mechanical scarification improved germination parameters but this effect was lower than the cold stratification. The results suggest that bitter vetch seed has both physical and physiological dormancy.

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Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Pepper Seedlings is Influenced by Environment Temperature and Priming Method

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i4.17831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 540

Author(s):

Glenda Sallaku ◽

Gjok Vuksani ◽

Astrit Balliu

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Early Growth ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Environment Temperature ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Peg 8000 ◽

Germination Parameters

The effects of different environment temperatures, priming treatments and priming durations on germination parameters and early growth of pepper seedlings were investigated. Seeds were hydro primed in distilled water, or osmo primed in two different water potentials (-0.15 and -0.5 MPa) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000. Both, hydro primed and osmo primed seeds were subject of two different imbibitions periods, 48 and 72 hrs. In addition to primed seeds, an equal sample of non primed seeds was included in the experiment as a control variant. Following priming, the seeds were subjected to germination tests at two different environment temperatures, respectively 18 0C and 24 0C. In general, there was no significant effect of hydro priming on germination parameters or early growth of pepper seedlings. On the contrary, significantly higher germination percentage and germination speed and significantly shorter mean germination time than the non primed seeds were obtained due to seed osmo priming by PEG. Similarly, an enhanced seedling growth, especially under suboptimum temperature conditions was evidenced in PEG primed seedlings. Apart from germination speed, the increase of PEG concentration from -0.15 to -0.5 MPa had no effect to germination parameters of pepper seeds. The extent of the imbibitions period over 48 hrs did also have no benefits on germination parameters.

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Effect of Seed Priming Techniques on Germination Parameters of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Contemporary Agriculture ◽

10.2478/contagri-2018-0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163

Author(s):

Milan Jocković ◽

Petar Čanak ◽

Vladimir Miklič ◽

Jelena Ovuka ◽

Velimir Radić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Low Cost ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Metabolic Activities ◽

Germination Parameters ◽

Priming Technique

Summary A useful approach for improving seed germination and seedling growth is a seed priming technique. Application of the priming technique enhances water absorption, causing activation of metabolic activities in the seed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of seed priming on germination parameters of safflower and to compare different priming techniques: priming by soaking and priming on filter paper. The priming treatments included hydropriming (distilled water) and osmopriming with 0.1% and 0.5% solutions of KNO3 for 8 and 16 hours. The experiment revealed significant difference between the priming treatments and the control. The highest germination (89.50%) was recorded within the priming treatments by soaking in the solution of 0.1% KNO3 and priming on filter paper moistened with 0.5% KNO3 for 8 hours. Considering germination index, mean germination time and time to 50% germination, the best results were obtained within hydropriming on filter paper for 16 hours. This study has shown that the priming techniques significantly improved germination parameters of safflower. Although priming on filter paper showed better results, the soaking technique – due to its simplicity, low cost and easiness of application – can be successfully used to improve germination parameters of safflower and increase the number of plants per unit of area and thus increase the seed yield per acreage.

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Dormancy-Breaking and Germination Requirements for Seeds of Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae), a Mesic Forest Tree with High Ornamental Potential

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10040319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 319

Author(s):

Yuhan Tang ◽

Keliang Zhang ◽

Yin Zhang ◽

Jun Tao

Keyword(s):

Seed Dormancy ◽

Seed Bank ◽

Soil Seed Bank ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Eastern China ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Dormancy Breaking ◽

Breaking Dormancy

Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae) is an economically important tree in the temperate forests of Eastern China. In recent decades, ever-increasing use and modification of forestlands have resulted in major degeneration of the natural habitat of S. alnifolia. Moreover, S. alnifolia seeds germinate in a complicated way, leading to a high cost of propagation. The current study aimed to determine the requirements for breaking seed dormancy and for germination as well as to characterize the type of seed dormancy present in this species. Moreover, the roles of temperature, cold/warm stratification, and gibberellic acid (GA3) in breaking dormancy were tested combined with a study of the soil seed bank. The results showed that intact seeds of S. alnifolia were dormant, requiring 150 days of cold stratification to achieve the maximum germination percentage at 5/15 °C. Exposure of the seeds to ranges of temperatures at 15/25 °C and 20/30 °C resulted in secondary dormancy. Scarifying seed coat and partial removal of the cotyledon promoted germination. Compared with long-term cold stratification, one month of warm stratification plus cold stratification was superior in breaking dormancy. Application of GA3 did not break the dormancy during two months of incubation. Seeds of S. alnifolia formed a transient seed bank. The viability of freshly matured S. alnifolia seeds was 87.65% ± 11.67%, but this declined to 38.25% after 6-months of storage at room temperature. Seeds of S. alnifolia have a deep physiological dormancy; cold stratification will be useful in propagating this species. The long chilling requirements of S. alnifolia seeds would avoid seedling death in winter.

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In vitro allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of sugarcane on germination parameters of wheat

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2017.109.2.18 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 349 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdul Majeed ◽

Zahir MUHAMMAD ◽

Manzoor HUSSAIN ◽

Habib AHMAD

Keyword(s):

Germination Percentage ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Seedling Biomass ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Germination Indices ◽

Germination Parameters

Allelopathy – interactions among plants for resources along with competition – is a composite phenomenon which has spacious potentials of application in agriculture. Understanding of interactions among plants, particularly cultivated crops, may be helpful in modifying crop cultivation pattern with consequent yields increments. In this study, we investigated the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of root, stem peels and leaves of sugarcane (Saccharum officinale L.) cultivar 51 at concentrations 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/l on germination indices and seedling biomass of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Pirsabak-2005. Results demonstrated that higher concentration (10.0 g/l) of extracts of root, stem peels and leaves significantly decreased mean germination time (MGT) but increased shoot and seminal root growth and seedling dry biomass; however, germination percentage was affected neither by extract concentration nor by plant parts used in the study. Extract concentrations up to 7.5 g/l had no effect on the studied parameters of wheat. Our result suggests that sugarcane’s allelopathy demonstrates healthy effects on wheat growth and that wheat could be cultivated in sequential rotation in field conditions.

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Evaluation of pregerminative treatments in gulupa seeds (P. edulis f. edulis Sims).

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452020590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

Author(s):

María Antonia Martínez Camargo ◽

Ana Cruz Morillo Coronado ◽

Edilberto Cepeda Mora ◽

Sandra Yaneth Mesa Fernández

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Economic Importance ◽

The Other ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Passiflora Edulis ◽

Numerous Species ◽

Water Imbibition

Abstract The genus Passiflora, commonly known as fruits of passion, includes numerous species, including gulupa (Passiflora edulis f. edulis), of nutracetic and economic importance, both for consumption in nature and for its agro-industrial applicability. This research was developed to evaluate the effects of various pre-germinative treatments on the germination of gulupa seeds from the municipality of Ramiriquí (Boyacá), such as: exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hypochlorite of sodium (NaOCl), gibberellic acid (GA3), distilled water imbibition and stratification at 4 °C, in varying concentrations and exposure times (24 and 48 hours), using an experimental design completely random, with three repetitions of 50 seed each one. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between treatments, with H2O2 being 15% the most effective, with a germination percentage (PG) of 88% in exposed seeds for 48 hours. In the presence of NaOCl the percentages were lower 36 - 40%. GA3 at 100 ppm for 24 hours recorded 51% PG, at the other concentrations of this growth regulator and exposure times this value was lower. The use of H2O2 has not been reported as a treatment to induce germination in the genus Passiflora. These results can be applied for the treatment of seeds in plant species can be a viable, effective, economical and easily applicable alternative.

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Dormancy in native fruit seeds of the Brazilian South Region

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n3.a436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Kelli Pirola ◽

Américo Wagner Junior ◽

Marcelo Dotto ◽

Darcieli Aparecida Cassol ◽

Jean Carlo Possenti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Acid Solution ◽

Native Species ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hot Water ◽

Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Technological University

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether seeds from six native fruit species ofthe South Brazilian regionhad any type of dormancy, as well as, to verify if they havephotoblastism. The work was carried out at the Plant Physiology Laboratoryofthe Federal Technological University of Paraná –Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. The influence of photoperiod factors and techniques for overcoming dormancy were tested on the germination of Eugenia uniflora L.(Surinan cherry), Plinia peruviana(native jabuticaba), Plinia cauliflora(hybrid jabuticaba), Eugenia involucrataDC. (Rio Grande cherry), Myrcianthes pungens(guabiju) and Campomanesia guazumifolia(sete capoteiro). The seeds were exposed in a condition of total darkness or photoperiod of 24 hours, being the levels of one of factors tested. The techniques for breaking dormancy tested werethe immersion in gibberellic acid solution (200 mg L-1); stratification at 5°C for 30 days; immersion in water at room temperature for 24 hours; immersion in hot water (80°C) for five minutes; immersion in sulfuric acid solution (96%) for five minutes; and manual physical scarification with 120 grit sandpaper. The seeds were also tested without using any technique, making up the controlstreatments with or without light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme (luminosity x treatment for breaking dormancy), with four replications of 100 seeds. After 60 days, germination (%), percentage of accumulated germination, germination speed index and average germination time were analyzed. The seeds of most of the studied native species do not present dormancy or the effect of photoblastism, except for “sete capoteiro”seedswho are supposed to have morphophysiological dormancy, with negative photoblastism. The use of hot water or sulfuric acid in the seeds of native fruit trees is not recommended.

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Chloride salts inhibit emergence and seedling growth of chickpea rather than germination

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr.v40i04.9007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Hamdi Özaktan ◽

Cemalettin Yasar Çiftçi Çiftçi ◽

Mehmet Demir KAYA ◽

Sati Uzun ◽

Oguzhan Uzun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Germination Test ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Chloride Salts ◽

Chickpea Cultivars

The effects of chloride salts (NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2) with the same electrical conductivity (EC) values on germination, emergence, seedling growth and Cl content of seedling in chickpea cultivars (Akçin 91, Aziziye, Gökçe, Inci, Iºýk-05 and Yaºa-05) were investigated. The EC values of the chloride salts were adjusted to 4, 8 and 16 dS m-1 and the distilled water was served as control. Germination percentage, mean germination time, radicula and plumula lengths, fresh and dry radicula and plumula weight, chloride (Cl-) content of seedling in germination test, and seedling length, fresh and dry seedling weight in emergence test were measured. The results revealed that increasing salt doses caused a significant reduction in parameters of all cultivars. The dose of 16 dS m-1 from each salt was found to be lethal. Cl- content of seedling was increased from 0.05 ppm in control to 4.10 ppm in 16 dS m-1; resulting in decreasing germination, emergence and seedling growth. The cultivar Aziziye presented better performance and gave higher emergence rates in NaCl, while Iºýk-05 in CaCl2 and Gökçe in MgCl2; indicating that there was a genotypic variation towards different salt sources. It was concluded that emergence and seedling growth were severely influenced by increasing salinity without changing germination and emergence was not possible at 16 dS m-1.

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Improving Germination Rate of Coastal Glehnia by Cold Stratification and Pericarp Removal

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050944 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 944

Author(s):

Moon-Sun Yeom ◽

Thi Kim Loan Nguyen ◽

Ju-Sung Cho ◽

Myung-Min Oh

Keyword(s):

Mass Production ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Glehnia Littoralis ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Germinating Seeds ◽

Inhibited Water

The medicinal plant, coastal glehnia (Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq.), belongs to the Apiaceae, which is known to exhibit morpho-physiological seed dormancy (MPD). In this study, we aimed to determine the dormancy type of this plant, along with the conditions for breaking dormancy, and how to increase its germination rate for mass production. Initially, the seeds of coastal glehnia had undeveloped embryos, which gradually developed following cold (5 °C) stratification over eight weeks. The embryo to seed (E:S) ratio increased to 66.7%, confirming that the seeds had the MPD type. Coastal glehnia seeds with pericarp did not show inhibited water uptake, and the germination inhibitory chemicals were not detected. However, removal of the pericarp improved the final germination percentage, germination speed, and T50 of coastal glehnia seeds compared with those of seeds with pericarp at 20 °C, which showed the highest value compared with other temperature treatments. Thus, cold stratification at 5 °C for eight weeks and removing the pericarp of germinating seeds maintained at 20 °C is efficient ways to break dormancy and improve the germination rate for the mass production of coastal glehnia.

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Morphological Characteristics and Seed Germination Improvement of Two Ecotypes of Astragalus armatus Willd. subsp. armatus in Algeria

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/cerce-2018-0039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 96-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Kheloufi ◽

L.M. Mansouri ◽

B. Bouafia ◽

Y. Khamari ◽

H. Kheloufi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hot Water ◽

Climate Data ◽

Intraspecific Variations ◽

Arid Steppe ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Different Populations

Abstract Astragalus armatus Willd. subsp. armatus is an endemic shrub of the Northern Africa. Its cultivation and domestication are very limited because of difficulty with seed germination and establishment. In this study, we investigated some plant morphological characteristics in real time and in situ (leaves, fruit and seeds) of different ecotypes of A. armatus, collected from two sites in Algeria (Arid Steppe of Aïn Naga and Condorcet Mountain), which elevation and climate data are very different. Moreover, the role played by the seed coat in seed dormancy of these two different populations was tested by the effects of the pretreatment and its duration on the performance of seed germination, by considering the final germination percentage (FGP) and the mean germination time (MGT). These parameters are estimated for 10 days in Petri dishes and stored in darkness at (25°C). Pre-sowing treatments included immersion in concentrated sulphuric acid for 30, 60 and 90 min, and immersion in hot water (100°C) for 10 min. Statistical analysis showed that the treatment and the ecotypes effects on both FGP and MGT were highly significant (p< 0.0001). Untreated seeds of both ecotypes of A. armatus failed to germinate (except for a few of Condorcet Mountain ecotypes). For both populations, the most effective treatment was immersion in sulphuric acid for 60 min for the ecotype of Arid Steppe of Aïn Naga, and only 30 min for Condorcet Mountain. An excellent germinative strength is characterized by a higher FGP and a reduced MGT. The morphological characteristic and seed germination could be attributed to intraspecific variations resulting from the natural selection of the same species.

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Germination and Dormancy in Seeds of Sorghum halepense and Sorghum arundinaceum

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/0100-83582015000200007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F.H. Krenchinski ◽

A.J.P. Albrecht ◽

L.P. Albrecht ◽

H.L. Villetti ◽

G. Orso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Germination Percentage ◽

The Other ◽

Sorghum Halepense ◽

Design Experiment ◽

Dormancy Breaking ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Presence And Absence ◽

Double Factorial

Light, temperature and dormancy are factors that influence the germination of seeds and are strictly linked to the emergence of weeds. The objective of this work was to assess the germination of Sorghum arundinaceum and Sorghum halepense subjected to different conditions of temperature and luminosity, as well as assessing seed dormancy breaking mechanisms. For this, two experiments were conducted, both arranged in a completely randomized design. Experiment 1 was installed in a 2 x 5 double factorial design. The first factor was the absence or presence of light for 12 hours, and the other was composed of five constant temperatures: 15, 20, 30, 40 and 45 oC. In experiment 2, the efficiency of nine treatments used for breaking dormancy of seeds was assessed. The variables analyzed for both experiments were germination percentage and germination speed index (GSI). For the statistical analysis were performed an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and all the necessary consequences, as well as regression, when relevant. In experiment 1 for both species greater germination occurred in the presence of light. For S. arundinaceum the temperatures at which there was the highest percentage of germination were 33.13 and 31.24 oC for presence and absence of light respectively. As for S. halepense these temperatures were 31.98 and 29.75 oC for presence and absence of light respectively. As for the treatments for breaking dormancy, the mechanical scarification of seeds with sandpaper presented the highest germination and GSI. It is concluded that the Sorghum species studied are neutral photoblastic seeds and present mechanical type dormancy.

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