First Strike

Author(s):  
Damien M. Sojoyner

First Strike is an ambitious project that utilizes a multi-method approach to gain insight into the confluence between public education and prison. It takes an unique perspective and delves into the root causes of an ever-expansive prison system and disastrous educational policy. First Strike intervenes in a spirited public discussion on the relation of education policies and budgets, the rise of mass incarceration and permutations of racism. Policy makers, school districts and local governments have long known that there is a relationship between high incarceration rates and school failure. First Strike is the first book that demonstrates how and why that connection exists and shows in what ways school districts, cities and states have been complicit and can reverse a disturbing and needless trend.

2021 ◽  
pp. 147821032110343
Author(s):  
Eunju Kang

Instead of asking whether money matters, this paper questions whose money matters in public education. Previous literature on education funding uses an aggregate expenditure per pupil to measure the relationship between education funding and academic performance. Federalism creates mainly three levels of funding sources: federal, state, and local governments. Examining New York State school districts, most equitably funded across school districts among the 50 states, this paper shows that neither federal nor state funds are positively correlated with graduation rates. Only local revenues for school districts indicate a strong positive impact. Parents’ money matters. This finding contributes to a contentious discourse on education funding policy in the governments, courts, and academia with respect to education funding and inequality in American public schools.


2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVER P. HAUSER ◽  
GORDON T. KRAFT-TODD ◽  
DAVID G. RAND ◽  
MARTIN A. NOWAK ◽  
MICHAEL I. NORTON

AbstractFour experiments examine how lack of awareness of inequality affect behaviour towards the rich and poor. In Experiment 1, participants who became aware that wealthy individuals donated a smaller percentage of their income switched from rewarding the wealthy to rewarding the poor. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants who played a public goods game – and were assigned incomes reflective of the US income distribution either at random or on merit – punished the poor (for small absolute contributions) and rewarded the rich (for large absolute contributions) when incomes were unknown; when incomes were revealed, participants punished the rich (for their low percentage of income contributed) and rewarded the poor (for their high percentage of income contributed). In Experiment 4, participants provided with public education contributions for five New York school districts levied additional taxes on mostly poorer school districts when incomes were unknown, but targeted wealthier districts when incomes were revealed. These results shed light on how income transparency shapes preferences for equity and redistribution. We discuss implications for policy-makers.


2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1181-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Saber ◽  
Anja Weber

Purpose Commonly, supermarkets are perceived as more sustainable than discount stores, which are accused of following an aggressive price and no-frills approach. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supermarkets and discounters differ substantially in their sustainability communication. Design/methodology/approach Sustainability reports and in-store communication are two important channels for retailers’ sustainability communication. To analyze both communication channels, the authors use a multi-method approach with data triangulation, analyzing sustainability reports and store observations of eight German retailers (two supermarket chains, six discount chains). Findings The study reveals no major differences between supermarkets and discounters regarding the readability of sustainability reports and the number of key figures on sustainability presented. However, supermarkets perform significantly better in translating sustainability to the store level than discounters. Furthermore, the results indicate that poor quality in the readability analysis is reflected in fewer concrete data provided in the sustainability reports and poorer translation of sustainability to the retail store. Originality/value This paper presents an empirical analysis of how well German retailers communicate about sustainability on both the report and the store level for the interest of academia and retail managers. It reveals different performance qualities among retail chains and retail formats and identifies the shortcomings within current reporting legislation with a clear indication toward policy makers.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Nikkhah

The objective is to describe global governments’ responsibilities in making and supporting educational policies for improvements in the public creation and utilization of science. The necessity of the world human populations to be more similarly educated increases. Such a necessity stems from a global demand for timely expansion and effective utilization of new life technologies. Governments play key roles in maintaining publics adequately cognizant of the demand. In addition, governments are increasingly responsible for making new policies that will allow public education sectors to practice refined education programs. Such a global education, most fundamentally, starts from elementary schools and evolves through guidance and high schools, colleges, universities and industrial centers. Governments can foster new education policies in three distinct groups including governors, educators, and learners. The governors include ministers and all related officials and administrative professionals. The educators include science and technology mentors and trainers in schools, colleges, universities, industries, and private and semi-private institutes. The learners, by definition, are those enrolled in academic and non-academic institutions to obtain expertise and excellence in various fields of science and technology. These categories will have their own specified educators who revisit concepts and update members with most recent concepts and practices while reviewing major earlier principles. In the post-modern time, mentors and trainers themselves require frequent timely education to remain most up-to-date and functional. Constant education of educators faces more practical challenges than education of learners. Special courses and sessions are to be developed for governors, educators, mentors, advisors and teachers. It is only with such an interrelated structure that governors and policy makers will most profoundly realize the importance and necessity of adequate public education considerations. Such policies are to be supervised and supported by global sources to ensure practices in different world regions. The more extensive implementation of the policies will lead to more efficient and earlier accomplishment of preset goals. Effectual education of governments on ‘science education policies’ will be a turning point in enabling continual improvements in global science and life qualities.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Bruno Prataviera ◽  
Elena Tappia ◽  
Sara Perotti ◽  
Alessandro Perego

PurposeToday logistics is an ever-growing multi-billion-dollar business, and logistics operations have been increasingly outsourced to specialised players. The intended aim of this paper is to offer a multi-method approach for estimating the size of the national logistics outsourcing market by building upon financial-reporting data of logistics service providers (LSPs).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach is structured into four steps, clustered around two main stages: framework setting and data collection, and processing. A combination of methods is offered, including a review of academic literature and secondary sources, focus groups, interviews and data extractions from national databases.FindingsThe proposed approach is meant to be replicable in different countries, thus allowing for comparison amongst markets. With reference to a specific country and year, the following outputs are provided: market size in terms of the number of players and generated turnover – total and split by LSPs type – and market concentration measures. A practical application of the proposed approach to a specific context, i.e. Italy is finally offered.Originality/valueThe study focusses on the logistics outsourcing market and considers financial-reporting data from LSPs, avoiding the need for introducing assumptions about the value of logistics operations for shippers. The proposed approach can contribute to strengthening the accuracy of LSPs' market analyses, and supporting the development of national policies by local governments. The adoption of multiple methods brings rigour and reliability to the study. Finally, high flexibility is ensured, as the method may be adaptable over time to cope with future changes in the logistics landscape.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-212
Author(s):  
Evelyn Ziegler ◽  
Ulrich Schmitz ◽  
Haci-Halil Uslucan

Abstract Central for this paper is the assumption that the Linguistic Landscape is a complex phenomenon that provides an insight not only into practices of symbolic place-making of communities but also into the relation between place, language, and belonging. According to Tietz (2002), a community is based on shared norms and attitudes, a collectively binding horizon of values and understanding which also mark the boundaries of a community. Starting from these considerations, we will explore processes of community ma(r)king in the Ruhr Metropolis, Germany, drawing on data collected in the interdisciplinary research project Metropolenzeichen/Signs of the Metropolis (Ziegler et al., 2018). Our multi-method approach combines data of geocoded digital photographs (N = 25,504) with metalinguistic data collected in on-site interviews (N = 180) and telephone interviews (N = 1,000) to gain a deeper insight into the formation of communities in the Linguistic Landscape of the Ruhr Metropolis.


Phycology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Hazel A. Oxenford ◽  
Shelly-Ann Cox ◽  
Brigitta I. van Tussenbroek ◽  
Anne Desrochers

Over the last decade, the Caribbean has seen massive, episodic influxes of pelagic sargassum negatively impacting coastal ecosystems, people’s livelihoods and climate-sensitive sectors. Addressing this issue solely as a hazard has proven extremely costly and attention is slowly turning towards the potential opportunities for sargassum reuse and valorization. However, turning the ‘sargassum crisis into gold’ is not easy. In this study we use a multi-method approach to learn from sargassum stakeholders (researchers, entrepreneurs and established businesses) across the Caribbean about the constraints and challenges they are facing. These can be grouped into five broad categories: (1) unpredictable supply of sargassum; (2) issues related with the chemical composition of the seaweed; (3) harvest, transport and storage; (4) governance; and (5) funding. Specific issues and potential solutions associated with each of these categories are reviewed in detail and recommended actions are mapped to five entry points along a generalized value chain to demonstrate how these actions can contribute to the development of sustainable sargassum value chains that promote economic opportunities and could help alleviate impacts of massive influxes. This paper offers guidance to policy makers and funding agencies on existing gaps and challenges that need to be addressed in order to scale-up successful and sustainable solutions to the sargassum crisis.


Author(s):  
Teresa Torres-Coronas ◽  
María-Arántzazu Vidal-Blasco ◽  
María-José Simón-Olmos

Since the beginning of the recent economic crisis, the unemployment rate, especially among youngsters, has reached painfully high levels in Spain. As education plays a central role in preparing individuals to enter the labor force, as well as equipping them with the skills to engage in professional development, it is time to analyze the job-education match. This chapter focuses on the role of public education policies in advancing the employability of lifelong learners. A deep understanding of what is required by the labor market needs to be matched by a common understanding of the learning outcomes achieved in education. This chapter explains how the Catalan education system is working to align education and job requirements. By showing best practices and initiatives, this chapter offers a perspective relevant to educational policy makers.


2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérald Fallon ◽  
Sonya Pancucci

This paper is a critical analysis of British Columbia’s controversial Part 6.1 of the School Amendment Act 2002 (Bill 34) as it relates to the reframing of public educational services and programs as a tradable commodity. It enables public school districts to incorporate private companies to set up offshore schools and to market educational services and programs locally, nationally, and internationally. Policy- makers introduced this Bill with the assumption that public educational institutions must compete with other “providers,” to sell their services and programs effectively in order to keep revenues at a healthy level to ensure their institutional viability and relevancy. This paper examines the goals, motives, and assumptions behind Bill 34, and, more specifically, the extent to which Part 6.1 of Bill 34 incorporates a market approach to public education as it commodifies public educational services and programs and creates competitive arrangements between public educational institutions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
David Arsen ◽  
Tanner Delpier ◽  
Annie Gensterblum ◽  
Rebecca Jacobsen ◽  
Alexandra Stamm

The specific needs of rural schools and communities have received limited attention from state policy makers, and many state programs have only added to the challenges that school districts in rural areas face. Michigan State University researchers surveyed and interviewed rural superintendents in Michigan to learn more about their situations. Superintendents identified teacher recruitment and retention, the need for mental health services, limited broadband access, and insufficient funding as their most pressing challenges. The researchers note that addressing these challenges will require state leaders to pay specific attention to rural needs and develop rural-conscious education policies.


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