Variation of Radio Refractivity with Height above Ground

1970 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Valma ◽  
M. Tamosiunaite ◽  
S. Tamosiunas ◽  
M. Tamosiuniene ◽  
M. Zilinskas
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
International Telecommunications ◽  
The Earth

In Vilnius, the daily and the seasonal variations of the radio refractivity values have been computed at the Earth surface in the years 2005-2010 and at the heights up to 1.2 km in November 2010. The International Telecommunications Union - Radiocommunications Sector (ITU-R) model was used for calculation of the radio refractive index according to the peculiarities of climatic conditions of Lithuania. As a result of obtained data analysis, the days with more variable meteorological parameters have been chosen for more detailed investigation. The radio refractivity gradient has been computed at the heights starting from the Earth surface up to 1.2 km above the ground, using the meteorological data measured at those heights. The variation of radio refractivity and its gradient are influenced by the changes in air's humidity and temperature in most part. Ill. 7, bibl. 17, tabl. 1 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian).http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.111.5.349

scholarly journals Daily variations of the refractive index in the south of the Vitim plateau in different seasons of the year

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Aryuna Bazarova ◽  
Evgeniy Atutov ◽  
Alexander Bazarov ◽  
Yuri Bashkuev
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
The Republic

The urgency of the problem of studying the refractive properties of the troposphere is determined by the increasing rate of use of radio meteorological parameters in the design and operation of GLONASS-GPS and GSM radio-electronic systems in various physical and climatic regions of the Earth, in particular in eastern Russia. Specialists are faced with an urgent need to study the laws governing the propagation of VHF-UHF radio waves taking into account the influence of all layers of the atmosphere as a medium with a variable refractive index. The article presents the calculation of the refractive index N based on meteorological data of the atmospheric-soil measuring complex, located on the measuring station in the Eravninsky district of the Republic of Buryatia. The dependences of the refractive index on atmospheric pressure, water vapor elasticity, and absolute air temperature are established.

scholarly journals Analyzing of UV Index with the Time Variation for Baghdad

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alwan ◽  
Ahmed Hameed ◽  
Nuha Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Solar Zenith Angle ◽  
Optical Path ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
One Year

In order to better realize the effects of UV index (UVI) reaching the earth surface, measurements of effective UVI were carried out during the period of one year over Baghdad; (Lat.33.32- Long.44.45), which receives highly amounts of annual solar radiation. A daily data analysis of UVI is found to reach the highest value during summer reaching the value of 11, and a minimum in winter with the value of 1. A relation between UV index and the solar zenith angle was also, it is found that the UVI is highly dependent on the sun elevation where the atmospheric optical path becomes shorter as sun elevation heighten. It can be concluded that Baghdad city exposure to higher amounts of UVI during summer and several hedges must be taken to avoid health harm implications.

Basis for the technique of the external control of the optical equipment for the remote sensing of the Earth surface

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
O.D. Fedorovskyi ◽  
◽  
V.I. Kononov ◽  
K.Yu. Sukhanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
External Control ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
The Earth

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

ESTIMATION OF THE EARTH SURFACE TEMPERATURE BY HIMAWARI-8/AHI

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. II_1-II_6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuuki UCHIDA ◽  
Tomohito ASAKA ◽  
Takashi NONAKA ◽  
Keishi IWASHITA ◽  
Toshiro SUGIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Raw Honey Issued from Eastern Romania

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Aida Albu ◽  
Cristina-Gabriela Radu-Rusu ◽  
Ioan Mircea Pop ◽  
Gabriela Frunza ◽  
Gherasim Nacu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Raw Honey

Romania is known among the main European honey producers, due to the variety of landforms as well as the diversity of the flora. Thirty-four honey samples of the acacia, linden and multifloral types, produced in eastern Romania and collected during 2013–2018, were physico-chemically analyzed using methods provided by the national and EU standards. The results of water-insoluble solids, color and refractive index were found to be 0.023–0.131%, 0.3–76.4 mm Pfund and 1.485–1.499, respectively. The moisture content ranged between 15.20% and 20.77%, solid substances content ranged between 79.23% and 84.80% and total soluble substances content ranged between 77.83 °Brix and 83.26 °Brix. The obtained values of specific gravity were from 1.414 to 1.450 g/cm3, pH ranged from 3.673 to 5.503 and free acidity ranged between 2.4 meq and 50 meq kg−1. The ash content and the electrical conductivity varied between 0.030 and 0.543% and 130 and 679 µS cm−1, respectively. Pearsonʹs correlation analysis showed an intense association of the ash content with electrical conductivity (r = 0.81). Our findings reveal the qualitative level of Romanian honey and the variation in quality parameters due to factors such as geographical region, climatic conditions, botanical origin and handling or storage conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document