Modification of Textile Materials' Surface Properties Using Chemical Softener

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Jurgita KOŽENIAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Virginija DAUKANTIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Technological Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

In the present study the effect of technological treatment involving the processes of washing or washing and softening with chemical cationic softener "Surcase" produced in Great Britain on the surface properties of cellulosic textile materials manufactured from cotton, bamboo and viscose spun yarns was investigated. The changes in textile materials surface properties were evaluated using KTU-Griff-Tester device and FEI Quanta 200 FEG scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was observed that the worst hand properties and the higher surface roughness are observed of cotton materials if compared with those of bamboo and viscose materials. Also, it was shown that depending on the material structure the handle parameters of knitted materials are the better than the ones of woven fabrics.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.1.249

scholarly journals Modification of Surface Roughness and Area of FeCrAl Substrate for Catalytic Converter using Ultrasonic Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Yanuandri Putrasari ◽  
P Untoro ◽  
Sulaiman Hasan ◽  
Naili Huda ◽  
Darwin Sebayang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

Surface roughness and area play important role especially in deposition and reaction of the catalyst in the catalytic converter substrate. The aim of this paper is to show the modification of surface roughness and area of FeCrAl substrate for catalytic converter using ultrasonic method. The method was conducted by agitating the FeCrAl in 10 minutes 35 kHz ultrasonic cleaning bath. The  surface roughness, morphology, and chemical components of FeCrAl catalytic converter substrate after ultrasonic treatment were analyzed using atomic force microscope (AFM) and examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The ultrasonic treatment assisted with Al2O3 powders successfully increased the roughness and surface area of FeCrAl better than SiC powders. 

Resolution and measurement in the scanning electron microscope

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Postek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Instrument Resolution ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

The term ultimate resolution or resolving power is the very best performance that can be obtained from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) given the optimum instrumental conditions and sample. However, as it relates to SEM users, the conventional definitions of this figure are ambiguous. The numbers quoted for the resolution of an instrument are not only theoretically derived, but are also verified through the direct measurement of images on micrographs. However, the samples commonly used for this purpose are specifically optimized for the measurement of instrument resolution and are most often not typical of the sample used in practical applications.SEM RESOLUTION. Some instruments resolve better than others either due to engineering design or other reasons. There is no definitively accurate definition of how to quantify instrument resolution and its measurement in the SEM.

Scanning Secondary Electron Microscopy of Myofibrils Using Transmission Techniques

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
M. K. Lamvik
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
The Common ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Cellular Organelles

When observing small objects such as cellular organelles by scanning electron microscopy, it is often valuable to use the techniques of transmission electron microscopy. The common practice of mounting and coating for SEM may not always be necessary. These possibilities are illustrated using vertebrate skeletal muscle myofibrils.Micrographs for this study were made using a Hitachi HFS-2 scanning electron microscope, with photographic recording usually done at 60 seconds per frame. The instrument was operated at 25 kV, with a specimen chamber vacuum usually better than 10-7 torr. Myofibrils were obtained from rabbit back muscle using the method of Zak et al. To show the component filaments of this contractile organelle, the myofibrils were partially disrupted by agitation in a relaxing medium. A brief centrifugation was done to clear the solution of most of the undisrupted myofibrils before a drop was placed on the grid. Standard 3 mm transmission electron microscope grids covered with thin carbon films were used in this study.

Submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 fabric through low temperature plasma and its effect on interfacial bonding in rubber composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2029-2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhan Periyasamy ◽  
Krishna Prasad G ◽  
Raja ASM ◽  
Prashant G Patil
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study aims to produce submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 (nylon 6,6) fabric using dielectric barrier discharge-based atmospheric low temperature plasma for improving the adhesion bonding with rubber. The plasma treatment was done in the time ranging from 15 s to 300 s. Formation of surface roughness on the fabric due to plasma treatment and the associated chemical changes were studied through high-resolution scanning electron microscope, geometrical surface roughness by Kawabata evaluation system surface tester, contact angle measurements and Fourier transform infrared in Attenuated total reflectance mode. Scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed the presence of submicron roughness on the nylon 6,6 fibre surface with pores of around 100 nm (0.1 µm) for the optimum treatment time of 180 s above which the pore merging effect dominated resulting in the net low surface roughness. Geometrical roughness (SMD) results were also well in agreement with the scanning electron microscope results for the roughening and the optimum effect of the plasma treatment. The control and plasma treated nylon 6,6 samples were used as reinforcements for rubber composite. The peel strength of the rubber composite, which is a measure of interfacial bonding, increased to 150% as the maximum for the optimum plasma treatment time of 180 s. Intense rubber deposits over the 180 s plasma treated samples were observed while only a few deposits of rubber were observed on the control fabric when their interfaces were examined through scanning electron microscope after peeling test.

Dimensional Characterizations Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Surface Improvement With Electrochemical Polishing of Additively Manufactured Microchannels

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Min ◽  
Yingjie Wu ◽  
Kailai Yang ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Sarwesh Narayan Parbat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Electrochemical Polishing ◽  
Dimensional Metrology ◽  
Channel Size ◽  
Printing Direction ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Microchannel manufacturing is one of the fastest growing areas in advanced manufacturing with numerous applications, including turbine blade cooling structures, compact microchannel heat exchangers, and electronic cooling devices. Recent development of metallic additive manufacturing (AM) based on direct metal laser sintering technology is capable of fabricating microscale structures with high complexity and design flexibility. However, powder bed laser sintering process produces rough surface characteristics caused by hatch overlaps and particle attachments, leading to channel size reductions and rough surfaces. In this paper, dimensional metrology of cross-sectional views of multirow microchannels made by AM was conducted by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at different locations along the printing direction. Channel size reduction, surface roughness, and circularity tolerance of the as-printed channels were analyzed based on micrographs captured by SEM. Results showed that both channel sizes and hole pitches affected the printing qualities of microchannels. The as-printed channel sizes reduced by more than 15% compared to the designed values. Two approaches were made in this paper to improve printing qualities. The first one was to redesign channel size in computer-aided design (CAD) model to make the as-printed channel sizes closer to the objective values. Electrochemical polishing (ECP) was then applied as a second way using sulfuric acid solutions. Surface roughness value was reduced by more than 40% after the ECP process.

Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and texture of polished nanofill and nanohybrid composites using profilometer and scanning electron microscope: in - vitro study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasada L ◽  
Jyothsna S Jathanna ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Ramya M.K ◽  
Elizabeth Issac
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

BACKGROUND: To determine the effectiveness of three polishing systems on three different composite materials by evaluating surface roughness using a Profilometer and Scanning electron microscope. METHODOLOGY: A total of Sixty-three resin composite disks were prepared in rectangular acrylic mould of 8×2mm dimension, with 4mm thickness. Specimens were made of light activated resin composite Filtek Z-250-XT, Tetric-N-Ceram bulkfill, Ceram X Duo. The sixty-three samples were divided into three groups of twenty-one samples each i.e. Group A (Filtek Z-250-XT), Group B (TetricN-Ceram bulkfill) and Group C (Ceram-X-Duo).Out of 21 samples of each of the material, 7 specimens were polished with multi enhance polishing agents, 7 specimens were polished with super snap polishing agents and 7 specimens were polished with sof-lexdiscs.Surface roughness of each sample after polishingwasevaluatedusingProfilometer and Scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: One-way anova and kruskalwallis test was used for statistical analysis. Ceram-X-Duo gave least roughness average value with Super snap polishing system when compared to multi enhance and sof-lex polishing system. CONCLUSION: Super snap polishing system is a better polishing system than multi enhance and soflex and Ceram-X-Duo composite material offers better polishability compared to Filtek Z-250-XT and Tetric-N-Ceram bulk fill.

scholarly journals Effects of 16% Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching on the Surface Properties of Glazed Glassy Matrix Ceramics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Necla Demir ◽  
Muhammet Karci ◽  
Mutlu Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Glassy Matrix ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Bleaching Gels ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective. To determine the influence of the home bleaching agent, Opalescence PF, on the surface roughness and microhardness of glazed glassy matrix CAD-CAM ceramics. Materials and Methods. The 28 sintered leucite- and lithium disilicate-reinforced ceramic specimens (IPS Empress CAD and IPS e.max CAD) were divided into control and bleached groups. The home bleaching agent was applied to specimens of bleached groups for 7 days. The surface roughness and microhardness of all specimens were measured. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the surface properties. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Results. The control e.max CAD showed the lowest surface roughness values. For both Empress and e.max CAD, surface roughness was significantly higher for the bleached group (p<0.05). No significant differences in microhardness were observed. Conclusions. According to our study, patients should be careful when using home bleaching agents because whitening agents can affect the mechanical properties of full ceramic restorations like e.max CAD and Empress CAD. Ceramic polishing may be required in clinical situations where ceramic restorations are accidentally exposed to bleaching gels.

Tensile Property Evaluation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminium Sandwich Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Tamilarasan ◽  
L. Karunamoorthy ◽  
K. Palanikumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Tensile Property ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Fractured Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

Composite materials are finding new applications in many situations and are better than the conventional materials because of their excellent properties. In the present investigation, aluminium sandwich composite laminates are fabricated and their tensile property is evaluated. The structure of the composites and their fractured surface are studied by using Scanning Electron Microscope. The analysis of the experimental results indicated that the incorporation of aluminium stack as sandwich improves the properties and can be used as a structural material for construction.

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