scholarly journals On Cooperation and Im/politeness in French Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Ruth De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Authentic Data

In Culpeper’s (2009) extensive study of how impoliteness-related terms are used, especially in relation to people’s expectations in public-service contexts, the term “french” occurs twice, along with “doorman,” “bouncer,” “bartender,” “waitress,” “waiter,” “yorker,” “staff.” Based on this, could one suppose that, in daily interactions in French, the principles of cooperation (Grice, 1975) and politeness come into conflict, leading to the characterization of speakers as impolite? If this is the case, why? How does it occur? Is this characterization specific to public-service contexts, or does it extend to other domains of social life? Aiming to provide answers to these questions, this study draws on the framework of conversation analysis using a socio-pragmatic approach (from Austin, 1962, to Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 2010, and Culpeper, 2021). Guided by socio-cultural and historical factors (Bourdieu, 1984; La Bruyère, 1688), it explores the concept of linguistic im/politeness (Culpeper, 2009, 2021; Curtin, 1995; Meier, 1995) in its interaction with Grice’s (1975) principles of cooperation. To this end, we examine the ritual of greeting, in particular the exchange of “bonjour” in daily social interactions in a French-speaking context, using an authentic data corpus (Reddit, 2014). The results of our analysis show that, in certain situations, when the symmetry of this ritual is broken and the act fails, French speakers attribute to what is understood as politeness a rating higher than they do to cooperation, giving rise to the opposite phenomenon, impoliteness.

CHARACTERIZATION OF RELIGIOUS STYLE AS A FUNCTIONAL STYLE IN LINGUISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Barnokhon Kushakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Creation

This article discusses the conditions, reasons and factors of characterization of religious style as a functional style in the field of linguistics. In addition, religious style and its main peculiarities, its importance in the social life, and the functional features of religious style are highlighted in the article. As a result of our investigation, the following results were obtained: a) the increase in the need for the creation and significance of religious language, particularly religious texts has been scientifically proved; b) the possibility of religious texts to represent the thoughts of the people, culture and world outlook has been verified; c) the specificity of religious language, religious texts has been revealed; d) the development of religious style as a functional style has been grounded.

Fast Foes: The affective consequences of interacting in a negative self-disclosure situation.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gordils ◽  
Jeremy Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Affective Consequences

Background and Objectives: Social interactions involving personal disclosures are ubiquitous in social life and have important relational implications. A large body of research has documented positive outcomes from fruitful social interactions with amicable individuals, but less is known about how self-disclosing interactions with inimical interaction partners impacts individuals. Design and Methods: Participants engaged in an immersive social interaction task with a confederate (thought to be another participant) trained to behave amicably (Fast Friends) or inimically (Fast Foes). Cardiovascular responses were measured during the interaction and behavioral displays coded. Participants also reported on their subjective experiences of the interaction. Results: Participants assigned to interact in the Fast Foes condition reported more negative affect and threat appraisals, displayed more negative behaviors (i.e., agitation and anxiety), and exhibited physiological threat responses (and lower cardiac output in particular) compared to participants assigned to the Fast Friends condition. Conclusions: The novel paradigm demonstrates differential stress and affective outcomes between positive and negative self-disclosure situations across multiple channels, providing a more nuanced understanding of the processes associated with disclosing information about the self in social contexts.

Situating embodied action plans: pre-enacting and planning actions within knowledge communication in sports training

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Communicative Actions ◽  
Embodied Action ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Communication

Abstract This article investigates action plans not as mental but as situated and observable activities in social interactions. I argue that projections and action plans can be understood as complex embodied practices through which actors prepare and coordinate further actions as part of a trajectory of a “communicative project”. “Projections” within ‘talk-in-interaction’ are a central topic of conversation analysis (CA), e.g. for the micro analysis of the organization of turn-taking or for the identification of turn-constructional units. Aside from former CA-studies on syntactic and prosodic features, current research using CA from a multimodal perspective shows how embodied resources, such as gestures, serve as “premonitory components” of communicative actions. Using video data of communications in sports training in trampolining, I will show how communicatively situated “embodied action plans” are applied within pre-enactments and instructions for the production of embodied knowledge. Pre-enactments not only serve the production of an ideal imagination to corporally produce intersubjectivity. Pre-enactments are also used temporally for the multimodal and visibly situating of embodied action plans, to which actors can coordinate and orientate their current and prospective communicative actions.

scholarly journals Working from Home During Covid-19: Doing and Managing Technology-enabled Social Interaction With Colleagues at a Distance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banita Lal ◽  
Yogesh K. Dwivedi ◽  
Markus Haag
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Time Basis

AbstractWith the overnight growth in Working from Home (WFH) owing to the pandemic, organisations and their employees have had to adapt work-related processes and practices quickly with a huge reliance upon technology. Everyday activities such as social interactions with colleagues must therefore be reconsidered. Existing literature emphasises that social interactions, typically conducted in the traditional workplace, are a fundamental feature of social life and shape employees’ experience of work. This experience is completely removed for many employees due to the pandemic and, presently, there is a lack of knowledge on how individuals maintain social interactions with colleagues via technology when working from home. Given that a lack of social interaction can lead to social isolation and other negative repercussions, this study aims to contribute to the existing body of literature on remote working by highlighting employees’ experiences and practices around social interaction with colleagues. This study takes an interpretivist and qualitative approach utilising the diary-keeping technique to collect data from twenty-nine individuals who had started to work from home on a full-time basis as a result of the pandemic. The study explores how participants conduct social interactions using different technology platforms and how such interactions are embedded in their working lives. The findings highlight the difficulty in maintaining social interactions via technology such as the absence of cues and emotional intelligence, as well as highlighting numerous other factors such as job uncertainty, increased workloads and heavy usage of technology that affect their work lives. The study also highlights that despite the negative experiences relating to working from home, some participants are apprehensive about returning to work in the traditional office place where social interactions may actually be perceived as a distraction. The main contribution of our study is to highlight that a variety of perceptions and feelings of how work has changed via an increased use of digital media while working from home exists and that organisations need to be aware of these differences so that they can be managed in a contextualised manner, thus increasing both the efficiency and effectiveness of working from home.

scholarly journals Extensive, Nonrandom Diversity of Excision Footprints Generated by Ds-Like Transposon Ascot-1Suggests New Parallels with V(D)J Recombination

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 4337-4346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Colot ◽  
Vicki Haedens ◽  
Jean-Luc Rossignol
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Study ◽  
Empty Site ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Original Sequence ◽  
Ascobolus Immersus ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Hairpin Formation ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Color Gene

ABSTRACT Upon insertion, transposable elements can disrupt or alter gene function in various ways. Transposons moving through a cut-and-paste mechanism are in addition often mutagenic when excising because repair of the empty site seldom restores the original sequence. The characterization of numerous excision events in many eukaryotes indicates that transposon excision from a given site can generate a high degree of DNA sequence and phenotypic variation. Whether such variation is generated randomly remains largely to be determined. To this end, we have exploited a well-characterized system of genetic instability in the fungus Ascobolus immersus to perform an extensive study of excision events. We show that this system, which produces many phenotypically and genetically distinct derivatives, results from the excision of a novel Ds-like transposon,Ascot-1, from the spore color gene b2. A unique set of 48 molecularly distinct excision products were readily identified from a representative sample of excision derivatives. Products varied in their frequency of occurrence over 4 orders of magnitude, yet most showed small palindromic nucleotide additions. Based on these and other observations, compelling evidence was obtained for intermediate hairpin formation during the excision reaction and for strong biases in the subsequent processing steps at the empty site. Factors likely to be involved in these biases suggest new parallels between the excision reaction performed by transposons of thehAT family and V(D)J recombination. An evaluation of the contribution of small palindromic nucleotide additions produced by transposon excision to the spectrum of spontaneous mutations is also presented.

scholarly journals Prophetic Ethics: The Basic Value of Public Service Ethics

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Bobby Briando ◽  
Muhamad Ali Embi
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Ethical Concept ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Approach

Dialectics of public service in providing services to the community is always involved in social interactions that do not stop. Very complex interactions involving not only theories related to public service, but also heterogeneous and dynamic human individuals who are involved either directly or indirectly. This research aims to build the concept of prophetic ethics as the basis of the ethical values of public service. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach in building the concept of prophetic ethics. The main bases of the theory are adopted from the spirit and the prophetic principle of profetic which is classified respectively into the four elements of the establishment, namely humanity, scholarly, pregnancy as well as humanist, emancypatorist, transcendental and Teleological. This ethical concept has an orientation on the highest human spiritual peaks, namely the divine and prophetic consciousness. With such awareness of public service not only give service to society in general, but also as a form of devotion of a servant to the creator. Prophetic ethic recognizes the existence of empirical knowledge and not empirical. From the science was then made a practical formulation in the form of “prophetic law”, which was finally called by the name “prophetic ethics”. Prophetic ethics is an endeavor that the writer undertakes in internalizing a principle and spirit that holds fast to a holistic awareness that is divine and prophetic awareness. Thus the concept of public service is not only to dethrone obligations in providing service but also as a form of devotion of a servant to its creator.

Gender and Peace Intermarriage Between Four Communes in the March of Ancona in 1306

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (03) ◽  
pp. 453-479
Author(s):  
Didier Lett
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Relational Context ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Gender Regimes ◽  
March Of Ancona ◽  
The City

On February 18, 1306, the city of Camerino signed a peace treaty with three neighboring communes (Matelica, San Severino, and Fabriano). Among its provisions was a plan for a series of marriages between the inhabitants of the four communes, which would have made a group of 140 men brothers-in-law through the exchange of 140 women. Analyzing this document and its extraordinary clause—which was never enforced and did not bring hostilities to an end—, this article examines the genesis of a gender regime in a specific historical, documentary, and relational context. Adopting a pragmatic approach to gender as a means for understanding social interactions, the article analyzes the roles elite men assigned to women of their communities in reconciliation rituals, matrimonial alliances as miniature figures of peace, and the systems established to ensure the transfer of dowries and the granting of citizenship. Under such gender regimes, women served as mediators, promoting peace in their households so that it would spread throughout the entire community. They also provided dowries and citizenship to men, allowing them to maintain their dominant role in society.

scholarly journals The neural bases of vitality forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Di Cesare ◽  
Marzio Gerbella ◽  
Giacomo Rizzolatti
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Action Execution ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Neural Bases

Abstract Unlike emotions, which are short-lasting events accompanied by viscero-motor responses, vitality forms are continuous internal states that modulate the motor behaviors of individuals and are devoid of the autonomic modifications that characterize real emotions. Despite the importance of vitality forms in social life, only recently have neurophysiological studies been devoted to this issue. The first part of this review describes fMRI experiments, showing that the dorso-central insula is activated during the execution, the perception and the imagination of arm actions endowed with different vitality forms as well as during the hearing and the production of speech conveying vitality forms. In the second part, we address the means by which the dorso-central insula modulates the networks for controlling action execution and how the sensory and interoceptive information is conveyed to this insular sector. Finally, we present behavioral data showing the importance of vitality forms in social interactions.

Social Science and Health Policy in Eastern Europe: Poland as a Case Study

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sokolowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
Applied Social Sciences

The paper deals with aspects of sociology, social policy, and health, with particular reference to the Polish experience. Some traits of Polish sociology are characterized, especially its pragmatic approach and its relationship with social practice. Also, two methodologic models of practical applications of sociology as proposed in the Polish literature are discussed, the first based on the assumption that sociology should be integrated into all spheres of social life, and the second calling for a fundamental reorientation of sociology. An attempt is made to show how health is being incorporated in the applied social sciences and social engineering. The current situation relating to utilization of sociologic studies in various spheres of Polish practice is discussed, particularly in the area of health.

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