Planning for recovery: European reconstruction and the pre-history of sustainable development, 1945-60

Author(s):  
Adam R. Seipp
Author(s):  
Eve Z. Bratman

Sustainable development is among the foremost ideas that guide societal aspirations around the world. This book interrogates the concept through a critical lens, examining both its history and the trajectory of its manifestations in the Brazilian Amazon. The book argues that sustainable development is a concept that is better understood as involving embroilments and ongoing processes of contestation rather than a single end goal. The research offers historical analysis of Amazonian development from the colonial era into the discourse and praxis of sustainable development in contemporary times, and then illustrates the tensions of sustainable development plans that are experienced by people living in the areas geographically the closest to where those plans are being implemented. The history of the Brazilian Amazon is introduced to readers through focused discussions on the tensions between making grand plans for the region and the everyday practices and experiences of sustainable development, which involve considerably more muddling. Case studies explore agrarian reform initiatives that occur alongside road paving projects, the creation of extractive reserves and conservation areas that follow in the wake of assassinations, and the construction of a massive hydroelectric dam. While Amazonian sustainable development is a widely-accepted imperative, the research presented here shows how land use and infrastructure plans conducted in the name of sustainable development often perpetuate and reinforce economic and political inequalities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1905
Author(s):  
Sea Jin Kim ◽  
Woo-Kyun Lee ◽  
Jun Young Ahn ◽  
Wona Lee ◽  
Soo Jeong Lee

Global challenges including overpopulation, climate change, and income inequality have increased, and a demand for sustainability has emerged. Decision-making for sustainable development is multifaceted and interlinked, owing to the diverse interests of different stakeholders and political conflicts. Analysing a situation from all social, political, environmental, and economic perspectives is necessary to achieve balanced growth and facilitate sustainable development. South Korea was among the poorest countries following the Korean War; however, it has developed rapidly since 1955. This growth was not limited to economic development alone, and the chronology of South Korean development may serve as a reference for development in other countries. Here, we explore the compressed growth of South Korea using a narrative approach and time-series, comparative, and spatial analyses. Developmental indicators, along with the modern history of South Korea, are introduced to explain the reasons for compressed growth. The development of the mid-latitude region comprising 46 countries in this study, where nearly half of Earth’s population resides, was compared with that of South Korea; results show that the developmental chronology of South Korea can serve as a reference for national development in this region.


2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 786-790
Author(s):  
Chen Chen Zhang

The strategies for sustainable development have been included in the medium and long term plan of 2010 for national economic and social development. Protecting the environment is the most important prerequisite and safeguards for the sustainable development strategy. In the study, we described the history of the environmental problems in the world, the proposal and implications of sustainable development, and outlined the dialectical relationship of development with the environment. The environmental protection measures for sustainable development were proposed here, according to the environmental situation severely affecting its biophysical environment.


2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1070-1073
Author(s):  
Bao Zhu Sheng

Building material is the base of civil engineering construction, in the history of thousands of years of development, building materials also gradually change and change, and is closely related to the progress of human civilization and the development of science and technology.Green building materials has the vital significance to the construction of a conservation-oriented society and sustainable development, in accordance with China's social development.This paper introduces the importance of the development of green building materials,analyzes some factors influencing the development of green building materials in China,and discusses the development tendency of green building materials in China.


Author(s):  
Wu Xiaoyu

With the rapid expansion of the city in China, more and more old industrial buildings in cities become idle and abandoned. However, Old industrial buildings are carrying the history of a city and reflecting the urban development process so that renewal of the old industrial buildings has great value in the sense of cultural, aesthetic, ecological, economic, and sustainable development. How to reuse those buildings is worth studying. This paper, based on the principle of Adaptive Renewal and sustainable reuse, takes two typical successful cases to discuss how to reuse these old industrial buildings into culture ones in China.


2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova ◽  
Dmitry Bagretsov

The text of this article emphasizes that the history of transplantation as an independent medical industry originated in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the first successful operation to transplant human organs and tissues was performed there by the surgeon Yuri Voronoy. Today Russia is one of the world-leading powers where human organ and tissue transplant operations are performed. Among all the subjects of Russia where transplant operations are carried out, Sverdlovsk region occupies a special place: doctors in this region conduct successful operations on organ and tissue transplantation and make discoveries that are significant for Russian transplantology. The study of Russian laws and regulations regulating relations in the field of transplantology conducted by authors, as well as an analysis of the scientific literature showed that relations in the field of transplantology are not fully regulated by Russian legislation, including criminal law. On the territory of Sverdlovsk region in particular, as well as on the territory of Sverdlovsk region as a whole, it is possible, for example, to carry out transactions for the sale and purchase of human organs and tissues with impunity, if such transactions are not related to causing harm to the life and health of the victim. These deals are illegal, but not punishable. As the analysis of the practice carried out in the framework of this study has shown, the inhabitants of Sverdlovsk region suffered from the imperfection of the norms of Russian legislation regulating relations in the field of transplantology. While the residents of Sverdlovsk region are suffering from illegal transplantation, one cannot speak of the sustainable development of this region. The authors of the study, in order to combat illegal transplantation in Sverdlovsk region, propose that the regional authorities strengthen measures to improve the general legal literacy of the population, introduce a register of citizens' opinions on the posthumous transplantation of their organs and tissues, and introduce mandatory registration of transactions made in Sverdlovsk region, a subject of which are human organs and tissues.


Author(s):  
Norichika Kanie ◽  
Steven Bernstein ◽  
Frank Biermann ◽  
Peter M. Haas

This chapter lays out a research agenda to assess conditions, challenges, and prospects for the Sustainable Development Goals to pursue this aim. First, the chapter discusses goal setting as a global governance strategy. Second, to contextualize the Sustainable Development Goals, it discusses the unique nature of the modern challenges that the Sustainable Development Goals must confront and review the historical and political trajectory of sustainable development governance, including the evolution from a primarily rule-based to a more goal-based system and the experience of the earlier Millennium Development Goals. Third, the chapter reviews the negotiating history of the Sustainable Development Goals. Then, the chapter elaborate on how the chapters are organized to address the three questions that guide the book.


Author(s):  
Jody M. Luna

This multi-faceted case study investigates sustainable land development using permaculture as the design tool. Permaculture, coined by Bill Mollison and David Holmgren, is a sustainable design theory that builds off three ethical principles used to produce a set of guidelines to follow in order to create an ecologically focused project. Permaculture, a contraction of perma-nent and initially agri-culture, has evolved to perma-nent and culture, understanding that without agriculture, culture is impossible. This chapter begins with an overview of the environmental issues followed by a description and brief history of sustainable development, with emphasis placed on the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The focus will be a three-part case study examining different scales (urban, suburban, and rural) of permaculture land development in the midwestern United States (U.S.). These permaculture designs will illustrate how SDGs can be achieved to forge a sustainable future.


Author(s):  
Vasilii Erokhin

The Arctic possesses about one-quarter of the world's untapped energy resources and abundant deposits of minerals. The region has always been in the focus of geopolitical interests of the USA, Russia, countries of Northern Europe, and Canada. However, with an opening of the previously ice-jammed waterways, new potential sites with vast resources have been identified and explored. Diversified transportation routes are of paramount importance to the economic and energy security of energy importing countries, particularly non-Arctic ones. As the Arctic becomes a focus of interest of many regional and non-regional actors, it is crucial to identify the dangers such a boom may bring. This chapter reviews the history of the Arctic policies of major actors in the region, overviews the contemporary approaches to the development of the Arctic, and discusses how varying interests and policies can be translated into the effective international regulations for the benefit of the entire Arctic region, its people, environment, and sustainable development.


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