Advances in Pharmacological Activities and Chemical Composition of Propolis Produced in Americas

Plantago major L. in Vietnam was investigated for its chemical composition and also evaluated the biological activities against enzyme α- glucosidase and free radicals activities. The powder mixture of dried leave and roots of this species was extracted separately by three solvents: dichloromethane, water, water:alcohol (50:50, v:v). The chemical composition of dichloromethane extract was analyzed by GC-MS system to identify eighteen components, out of which eight biologically active compounds viz. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, n-hecxadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-methyl ester, allogibberic acid, β-tocopherol, campesterol, γ-sitosterol, lup-20(29)-en-3-ol and friedenlan-3-one were presented. The concentration of radical scavenging activity DPPH expressed by IC50 for water, water:alcohol (50:50, v:v) and dichloromethane with 208.7, 89.3 and 62.05 μg/mL, respectively. The dichloromethane, water and water:alcohol (50:50, v:v) extract of Plantago major exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 116.4, 302.7, 195.9 μg/mL, respectively, which was comparable with acarbose (98.4 μg/mL). Plantago major L. in Vietnam may be effective inhibitors as the antidiabetic candidate and helpful to reduce the postprandial glucose levels.

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Icacina trichantha, A Tropical Medicinal Plant

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601100740 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601100

Author(s):

Chun-Tao Che ◽

Ming Zhao ◽

Brian Guo ◽

Michael M. Onakpa

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Animal Models ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

West Africa ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Good Source ◽

Pharmacological Activities

This is a review on the pharmacological properties and chemical composition of Icacina trichantha (Icacinaceae), a food and medicinal plant native to West Africa. The tuber is a good source of nutrients such as starch; it also exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities in animal models. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of a series of unusual pimarane-type diterpenes.

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Eremanthus arboreus (Gardner) MacLeish (Candeeiro): natural source of α-Bisabolol

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e9599109270

Author(s):

Gledson Ferreira Macedo ◽

José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra ◽

Viviane Bezerra da Silva ◽

Elvis Estilak Lima ◽

Saulo Almeida de Menezes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Homogeneous Composition ◽

Main Component ◽

Biological And Pharmacological Activities

There is a growing search in the chemical composition of essential oils, as they have biological and pharmacological activities. Among the plants with homogeneous composition in essential oils stands out the species Eremanthus arboreus (Gardner) MacLeish, (Asteraceae) popularly known as the “candeeiro”. This plant species is native to Chapada of Araripe - Ceará, Brazil. The objective was to characterize chemically the constituents of the essential oil (OE) of E. arboreus by means of Gas Chromatography and perform a review of its biological and pharmacological activities. The botanical material was collected in Chapada of Araripe, Barbalha - CE, Brazil, in April 2014, the extraction and collection of OE was done in Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the OE was performed by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (CG/MS). As for the review, specialized scientific bases (Scopus, Scielo and Web of Science) were consulted. According to the results, 8 constituents were identified, where α-Bisabolol is mentioned as being the main component of the essential oil of this species. As for the biological and pharmacological activities of the OE, it was demonstrated that the species has the following activities: antimicrobial, larvicide, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive. Eremanthus arboreus is a species with great pharmaceutical potential and also an alternative for industries that target products based on the constituent α-Bisabolol.

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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Family Flacourtiaceae: A Class of Important Phytomedicine

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x20500159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (02) ◽

pp. 287-328

Author(s):

Yu Zhang ◽

Jing Kong ◽

Jin-Hua Zhang ◽

Lu Wang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Phytochemical Studies ◽

Further Development

Flacourtiaceae plants are widely used as folk medicines in traditional medicine systems for its chemical diversity and pharmacological activities. In many different areas, Flacourtiaceae plants are used as traditional medicines for the treatment of ulcers, malaria, rheumatism. The Flacourtiaceae plants contain a very plentiful chemical composition, and phytochemical studies show that the Flacourtiaceae plants contained terpenoids, aromatic glycosides, flavnoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, fatty hydrocarbon, and other compounds. In pharmacological studies, various extract and isolated individual compounds exhibited antitumor, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, the literature data on the chemical constituents and pharmacological investigations of the Flacourtiaceae plants are summarized, to provide information about a more comprehensive chemical composition and detailed pharmacological activities of Flacourtiaceae plants, with a view of further development of clinical medication. However, research on quantitative analysis, toxicity, and drug safety in vitro and in vivo is still insufficient, and further research is required.

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Chrysopogon zizanioides—a review on its pharmacognosy, chemical composition and pharmacological activities

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-15145-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Madhuri Grover ◽

Tapan Behl ◽

Tarun Virmani ◽

Saurabh Bhatia ◽

Ahmed Al-Harrasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Chrysopogon Zizanioides

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Chemical Composition and Mechanism of Vibriocidal Action of Essential Oil from Resin of Protium heptaphyllum

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2019/9563213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Josiane Lima Mendes ◽

Thiago Ferreira de Araújo ◽

Mário Geraldo de Carvalho ◽

Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda Júnior ◽

Renata Albuquerque Costa

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cell Membrane ◽

Membrane Permeability ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Biomass Reduction ◽

Cell Constituent

Protium heptaphyllum is a plant widely distributed in Brazilian ecosystems that produce a resin which has pharmacological activities. In this study, the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, and the possible mechanism of action against the bacterium V. parahaemolyticus of essential oil from P. heptaphyllum (EOPH) were investigated. Twenty-two components were detected in EOPH, and β-phellandrene (60.68%) had the majority. The inhibition halo, MIC, and MBC values were 11 mm, 2 mg/mL, and 8 mg/mL, respectively. Biofilm biomass inhibition and biomass reduction of the preformed biofilm were detected at 4 mg/mL EOPH concentration. The assays of cell constituent release and membrane permeability indicated that EOPH may disrupt the cell membrane, leading to leakage of intracellular constituent as reducing sugars and materials with an absorbance of 260 nm.

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Investigation of the Chemical Changes from Crude and Processed Paeoniae Radix Alba-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma Herbal Pair Extracts by Using Q Exactive High-Performance Benchtop Quadrupole-Orbitrap LC-MS/MS

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/170959 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gang Cao ◽

Qinglin Li ◽

Hao Cai ◽

Sicong Tu ◽

Baochang Cai

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Chemical Changes ◽

Scientific Foundation ◽

Q Exactive ◽

Paeoniae Radix

The Paeoniae Radix Alba-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma herbal pair is mainly used for regulating the functions of liver and spleen, benefitingqi, and nourishing blood. However, the bioactive compounds for the pharmacological activities of the crude and processed Paeoniae Radix Alba-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma herbal pair extracts are still unclear to date. In the present study, Q Exactive high-performance benchtop quadrupole-Orbitrap LC-MS/MS was applied to identify the complicated components from crude and processed Paeoniae Radix Alba, crude and processed Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and their crude and processed herbal pair extracts. 123 and 101 compounds were identified in crude and processed Paeoniae Radix Alba samples, respectively. Meanwhile, 32 and 26 compounds were identified in crude and processed Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma samples, respectively. In the crude and processed Paeoniae Radix Alba-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma herbal pair extracts, co-decoction could significantly change the chemical composition of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma in solution. The developed method may provide a scientific foundation for deeply elucidating the processing and compatibility mechanism of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.

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The chemical composition and pharmacological activities of geopropolis produced by Melipona fasciculata Smith in northeast Brazil

Journal of Molecular Pathophysiology ◽

10.5455/jmp.20150204115607 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

MARIA ARAUJO ◽

MICHELLE BUFALO ◽

BRUNO CONTI ◽

ARY JR ◽

BORYANA TRUSHEVA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Pharmacological Activities

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Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Medicinal Uses of Plants of the Genus Salix: An Updated Review

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.593856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Nora Tawfeek ◽

Mona F. Mahmoud ◽

Dalia I Hamdan ◽

Mansour Sobeh ◽

Nawaal Farrag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Phenolic Glycosides ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Current Review

The Willows (genus Salix), with more than 330–500 species and 200 hybrids, are trees, shrubs or prostrate plants that are widely distributed in Africa, North America, Europe, and Asia. The genus is traditionally used in folk medicine and represents a valuable source of biologically active compounds among them salicin, a prodrug for salicylic acid. Altogether, 322 secondary metabolites were characterized in the genus including flavonoids 94) (flavonols, flavones, flavanones, isoflavones, flavan-3-ols (catechins and procyanidins), chalcones, dihydrochalcone, anthocyanins, dihydroflavonols), phenolic glycosides (76), organic acids (28), and non-phenolic glycosides (17), sterols and terpenes (17), simple phenolics 13) and lignans 7) in addition to volatiles and fatty acids (69). Furthermore, willows exert analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiobesity, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective activities. The current review provides an updated summary of the importance of willows, their chemical composition and pharmacological activities.

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