scholarly journals Lifestyle Factors and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Mihaela Hâncu
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Patient Partnership ◽  
Based Medicine

Obesity, with growing prevalence around the world, is a disease and a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases and death. Lifestyle medicine integrates modern lifestyle practices with scientific evidence-based medicine in order to lower risk factors for chronic diseases and to support therapy if the disease is already present. Considering adiposity-based chronic disease conceptual model and new abdominal obesity classification, this article intends to describe healthy lifestyle pillars that must be considered in obesity prevention and treatment. Right nutrition, regular physical activity, optimal sleep, moderation in alcohol consumption, absence of smoking, and mindfulness should be considered in the effort to prevent and treat obesity. Doctor-patient partnership, patient empowerment, and doctor as a role model will complete the basic principle of lifestyle medicine.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Medicine – Lifestyle Partnership

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Anca Hâncu ◽  
Florin Mihălţan ◽  
Gabriela Radulian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sustained Change

AbstractHigh prevalence of noncommunicable diseases with their associated costs are related more and more to unhealthy behaviours such as unappropriated diets, lack of physical activity and smoking. Lifestyle medicine is now more and more scientific and with evidence-based fundament. The key in lifestyle change is negotiation and cooperation. Physicians should do more than education, should empower and motivate the patient in planning a healthy lifestyle leading to sustained change.

scholarly journals Medycyna stylu życia jako prozdrowotny trend współczesnego prosumenta

Ekonomia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
Iwona Czerska ◽  
Angelika Trojanowska ◽  
Tetiana Korpak
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Informed Consumer

The aim of this study is to present the profile of the modern prosumer and analyze their behavior on the health services market in the context of the latest health-promoting trend — lifestyle medicine. The patient’s participation in medical diagnostics was discussed. Attention was paid to the reasons for transformation of medical systems, among others due to changes in the patient’s needs. The theoretical aspects of lifestyle medicine, including evidence-based medicine (EBM), were discussed. Finally, an analysis of the lifestyle of Polish consumers was made based on the results of own study. Less than 20% of respondents are familiar with the term “lifestyle medicine”. Most respondents identify this term with a healthy lifestyle. The respondents’ declarations show that the modern consumer leads a healthy lifestyle, regularly engaging in sports and eating properly balanced meals. As an informed consumer, he or she reads the labels on the packaging and considers each purchase very carefully. He or she is also vulnerable to advertising and other marketing tools, and is aware of this. Nearly 61% of respondents do not know the term “prosumer”. For other people, a prosumer is the modern consumer who consciously and actively makes choices, is involved in co-creating the product and takes part in its promotion.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Medicine in judicial decisions concerning right to healthcare

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Rocha Dias ◽  
Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Based Medicine

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze, from the examination of decisions issued by Brazilian courts, how Evidence-Based Medicine was applied and if it led to well-founded decisions, searching the best scientific knowledge. Methods The decisions made by the Federal Courts were searched, with no time limits, at the website of the Federal Court Council, using the expression “Evidence-Based Medicine”. With regard to decisions issued by the court of the State of São Paulo, the search was done at the webpage and applying the same terms and criterion as to time. Next, a qualitative analysis of the decisions was conducted for each action, to verify if the patient/plaintiff’s situation, as well as the efficacy or inefficacy of treatments or drugs addressed in existing protocols were considered before the court granted the provision claimed by the plaintiff. Results In less than one-third of the decisions there was an appropriate discussion about efficacy of the procedure sought in court, in comparison to other procedures available in clinical guidelines adopted by the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) or by private health insurance plans, considering the individual situation. The majority of the decisions involved private health insurance plans (n=13, 68%). Conclusion The number of decisions that did consider scientific evidence and the peculiarities of each patient was a concern. Further discussion on Evidence-Based Medicine in judgments involving public healthcare are required.

The Importance of a Healthy Lifestyle in the Era of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina S. Petersen ◽  
Andrew M. Freeman ◽  
Penny M. Kris-Etherton ◽  
Kim Allan Williams Sr. ◽  
Koushik R. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Short Time

Existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its modifiable risk factors are associated with increased mortality from coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical attention has focused on acute interventions for COVID-19, but reducing upstream risks associated with poor outcomes must occur in parallel. This is particularly urgent because risk factors for COVID-19 death are prevalent, and the pandemic has negatively impacted lifestyle and socioeconomic factors that augment these risks. Evidence-based lifestyle interventions have a generally short time-to-benefit, and lower risk of CVD and improve markers of immune function. Wider promotion of healthy lifestyle practices will improve the CVD health of the population and could favorably impact COVID-19 outcomes. Research examining how lifestyle modification affects COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is urgently needed.

Unhealthy Politics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Patashnik ◽  
Alan S. Gerber ◽  
Conor M. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Delivery Of Medical Care ◽  
Based Medicine

The U.S. medical system is touted as the most advanced in the world, yet many common treatments are not based on sound science. This book sheds new light on why the government's response to this troubling situation has been so inadequate, and why efforts to improve the evidence base of U.S. medicine continue to cause so much political controversy. The book paints a portrait of a medical industry with vast influence over which procedures and treatments get adopted, and a public burdened by the rising costs of health care yet fearful of going against “doctor's orders.” It offers vital insights into the limits of science, expertise, and professionalism in American politics. The book explains why evidence-based medicine is important. First, the delivery of unproven care can expose patients to serious risks. Second, the slow integration of evidence can lead to suboptimal outcomes for patients who receive treatments that work less well for their conditions than alternatives. Third, the failure to implement evidence-based practices encourages wasteful spending, causing the health care system to underperform relative to its level of investment. This book assesses whether the delivery of medical care in the United States is evidence based. It argues that by systematically ignoring scientific evidence (or the lack thereof), the United States is substantially out of balance.

How to Search and Critique Scientific Evidence for Decision-Making

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-123
Author(s):  
Mayuree Tangkiatkumjai ◽  
Win Winit-Watjana ◽  
Li-Chia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

A clinical decision on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) should be made based on evidence-based medicine (EBM) together with practitioner's knowledge and experiences. This chapter describes the process of EBM, including how to address a clinical question, do a systematic search for appropriate evidence with key search terms, appraise the evidence and make a clinical decision on CAM applications. An effective literature search should be performed by using a structured search strategy in searching biomedical and CAM databases, such as the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM Citation Index). Few standard tools are recommended to evaluate the quality of CAM studies, i.e. the CONSORT extension for herbal interventions and STRICTA for RCTs of acupuncture. Additionally, some guidelines for designing RCTs in Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) can also be adopted to critique CAM literature. A clinical decision on choosing optimal CAM for patient care should be based on the current best evidence emerged from the EBM process.

Komplementäre und alternative Methoden bei Krebs einordnen und bewerten

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 873-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Ernst ◽  
Stefanie Klein
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Benefit Risk Assessment ◽  
Alternative Methoden ◽  
Based Medicine

AbstractThere are a vast number of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in oncology. Also patients' needs for information on these methods are growing. Helping patients to classify and evaluate CAM methods is a challenge. The Cancer Information Service at the German Cancer Research Center has developed a benefit-risk-assessment based on evidence-based medicine and individual patient traits: To rate a CAM’s benefit, the scientific evidence and the patient’s therapeutic goals have to be taken into account. To estimate its risks, both, the method itself and the patient’s status of health must be considered.

scholarly journals Determinants of Treatment Adherence Among Patients Living With Noncommunicable Diseases: A Mixed-Method Study in a Rural Area of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110393
Author(s):  
Ankush Banerjee ◽  
Bobby Paul ◽  
Madhumita Dobe ◽  
Lina Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Madhumita Bhattacharyya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
System Level ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Mixed Method Study

The multisectoral impact of the COVID-19 pandemic can impair treatment adherence of patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This mixed-method study, conducted from November 2020 to January 2021, assessed the quantum of their treatment adherence and its determinants in rural West Bengal. Quantitative data were collected from 213 NCD patients while qualitative exploration for barriers of treatment adherence was conducted as 6 in-depth Interviews. Treatment adherence was assessed by “Medication Compliance Questionnaire” and “Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle and Follow-up Advice” Questionnaire. A total of 39.4% were nonadherent to medications while 67.1% had nonadherence to healthy lifestyle and follow-up advice. Significant predictors associated with nonadherence were increasing age, female gender, lower socioeconomic status, decreasing patient empowerment, and decreasing trust in the medical profession. Economic crisis, fear of contagion, and nonavailability of investigation facilities were some new emerging barriers in addition to preexisting barriers of treatment adherence. Therefore, measures for improving patient empowerment and patient–provider relationship by motivation and counseling, taking proper care of vulnerable patients affected by the pandemic, and correcting deficiencies at the health-system level should be given utmost priority.

Training trainers in risk assessment

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (S32) ◽  
pp. 35-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Early Training

Risk assessment has always been an essential part of all medical practice, and doctors have always been trained to make rapid assessment of risk. Much of the early training of doctors in both medicine and surgery centres on risk assessment. However, the method of acquiring that knowledge is predominantly through the apprenticeship model with observation by the trainee of the trainer's decision-making process. Those decisions, however, are often skewed and biased by a whole variety of influences, rather than always being based on scientific evidence. Clearly the increasing influence of evidence-based medicine will help this. At one extreme, however, there are heroic surgeons taking unnecessary risk or taking on cases which might more appropriately have been left without treatment, and at the other extreme, consultants who may feel demoralised or depressed might well become nihilistic about medicine and therefore might not attempt to treat cases that are treatable.

New Evidence is Required

1997 ◽  
Vol 171 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glyn Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
Standards Of Evidence ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
New Evidence

What's new about evidence-based medicine? Medical practice has been based upon scientific evidence for some time, although the standards of evidence we require before using a treatment are becoming more stringent. EBM places more emphasis on evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) than on clinical anecdote, but the notion that RCTs are the best evidence on the effectiveness of interventions has been around for nearly SO years. There is more emphasis now on systematic reviews and although they are not a new idea, their widespread acceptance has been a relatively recent phenomenon within medicine.

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