Organic Fertilization with Residues of Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) and Inga (Inga edulis) for Improving Soil Fertility in Central Amazonia

The cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum.) is a native fruit tree which has, in the past years, acquired great social and economic importance for the regional farmers. The nutrient-rich and often wasted cupuassu tree fruit shell residues can contribute to the improvement of the low fertility soil of Amazonia. A trial was carried out on a small holder’s cupuassu plantation in Central Amazonia to ascertain the effect of organic fertilization on the recovery of soil fertility and plant nutrition by using material from cupuassu shell residues and Inga edulis pruning (branches and leaves). The fertilization with cupuassu rinds + Inga prunings improved soil fertility, mainly by the increase of K and Ca in the soil, but only with liming, which appears to favor the mineralization of these nutrients. At the 0–10 cm depth, the Ca level increased about 50% compared to the control and the K level increased 75% compared to the cupuassu shell treatments. The significant increase of about 30% in N absorption by trees in the plots without liming shows that the application of green manure can increase the mineralization of N in Oxisols. These results show that the organic residue sources used can result in a nutrient-bearing organic fertilizer and become a low-cost alternative for recycling cupuassu processing residues.

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Organik Matter: It’s Role in Sustainable Farming of Sugarcane

Perspektif ◽

10.21082/p.v14n1.2015.61-71 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Djajadi Djajadi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Green Manure ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Soil Health ◽

High Yield ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Sustainable Farming

ABSTRACTOrganik matter has an important role in determining soil health of sugarcane, i.e. soil capacity to support sugarcane to produce sustainable high yield. Soil organic matter influences soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, so that a consequence of declining soil organic matter is poorer soil fertility and lower yield. This paper has an objective to elucidate the important role of organic matter on sustainable farming of sugarcane. The important role of organic matter in soil fertility has been known for a long time before Green Revolution concept was introduced. With more intensity in sugarcane farming and more increasing of sugar demand, application of organic fertilizer started to be substituted by chemical fertilizer. Using green manure and/or biofertilizer has a chance to be spread out to the farmers due to more practical and more efficient than solid organik fertilizer, such as dung manure or compost. Future research should be focusing on the efectivity of green manure and or biofertilzer sources in improving soil fertility and cane yield, minimizing soil pathogen, reducing soil erosion of sugar cane land monoculture, and improving awareness of farmers about soil degradation as consequences of sugarcane monoculture planting for years.Keywords: Organic matter, sugarcane, soil health sustainable farming Bahan Organik: Peranannya dalam Budidaya Tebu BerkelanjutanABSTRAKBahan organik tanah berperan penting dalam menentukan kesehatan tanah tebu, yaitu kapasitas tanah yang dapat mendukung produksi tebu yang tinggi secara berkelanjutan. Kadar bahan organik tanah mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tentang peranan bahan organik dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah pertanaman tebu. Pentingnya peran bahan oganik tersebut sudah disadari dari dulu, sehingga sebelum revolusi hijau penggunaan pupuk organik sudah umum dilakukan petani. Dengan semakin intensifnya budidaya tebu dan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan gula, pemanfaatan pupuk organik sudah jarang dilakukan. Diperlukan usaha untuk meningkatkan dan mempertahankan kadar bahan organik pada lahan tebu, antara lain berupa gerakan masal dalam bentuk gerakan nasional melalui program aplikasi bahan organik. Pemanfaatan pupuk hijau dan/atau pupuk hayati berpeluang untuk diterapkan karena lebih praktis dan efisien daripada penambahan pupuk organik padat. Penelitian ke depan perlu difokuskan untuk mengkaji jenis-jenis pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati yang efektif memperbaiki kesuburan, dalam menekan serangan penyakit, meminimalkan erosi pada lahan-lahan tebu monokultur, dan meningkatkan kesadaran petani tebu tentang terjadinya degradasi lahan akibat penanaman tebu yang terus menerus.Kata kunci: Bahan organik, tebu, kesehatan tanah, budidaya berkelanjutan

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ADUBAÇAO ANTECIPADA COM FERTILIZANTES ORGÂNICO E MINERAL ASSOCIADO À CROTALARIAS NA CULTURA DO MILHO

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/rbms.v15i3.600 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

PAULO CÉSAR TIMOSSI ◽

HILTON ROSA DA SILVA JUNIOR ◽

SUZETE FERNANDES LIMA ◽

RONALDO CASTRO ◽

DIEIMISSON PAULO ALMEIDA

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Green Manure ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Crotalaria Juncea ◽

Factor B ◽

Corn Crop ◽

Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Crotalaria Spectabilis

RESUMO- A adubação de sistema aliada à adubação verde pode aumentar a disponibilidade de nitrogênio no solo.Objetivou-se na pesquisa investigar se a disponibilidade antecipada de fertilizantes orgânico e mineral sobre o cultivode Crotalaria spectabilis e Crotalaria juncea influência nas características de produção da cultura do milho. Odelineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, disposto em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, no qual o fatorA foi formado por duas espécies de adubos verdes (Crotalaria spectabilis e Crotalaria juncea) e o fator B foi formadopor três formas de fertilização (PK, NPK e orgânica) e pela ausência de fertilização, com oito repetições. Foramrealizadas avaliações das características agronômicas e produtivas da cultura do milho. O número de fileiras e númerosde grãos por fileira não diferiu entre as formas de fertilização. A maior altura de plantas de milho, altura de inserçãode espiga e produtividade de grãos foi obtida na área cultivada anteriormente com C. spectabilis. A fertilização comNPK e orgânica, com cama-de-aves, resultou em maior produtividade, porém com 800 kg ha-1 de NPK, valor superiorao recomendado. Conclui-se que a antecipação de fertilização do solo, associado ao cultivo de adubos verdes é viávelpara o cultivo da cultura do milho, a C. spectabilis proporciona maior produtividade de grãos de milho em sucessãoe a adubação orgânica, com cama-de-aves, é tão eficiente quanto à adubação mineral com NPK quando antecipada.Palavras-chave: Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria juncea, cama-de-aves, adubação verde, adubação de sistema.PRE-FERTILIZATION WITH ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ASSOCIATED WITH CROTALARIES IN MAIZEABSTRACT- The fertilization of system combined with green manure can enhance the availability of soil nitrogen.This study aimed to research whether the anticipated availability of organic and mineral fertilizers in the cultivationof Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea affects the characteristics of production of corn crop. The completelyrandomized design (CRD) was used, with eight replications, in factorial arrangement 2 x 4, in which the factor A wasformed by two species of green manure (Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea) and the factor B comprisedthree forms of fertilization (PK, NPK and organic) and the absence of fertilization. Assessments of agronomic andyield characteristics of corn crop were conducted. As conclusion,the anticipation of soil fertility, associated with greenmanure cultivation is viable for cultivation of corn crop, the C. spectabilis provides increased productivity of the corncrop, and the organic fertilization with bed of birds is as efficient as the mineral fertilization with NPK.Keywords: Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria juncea, bed-of-birds, green manure, system fertilization.

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EVALUATION OF SOIL FERTILITY STATUS IN RICE ZONE, MORANG

Tropical Agroecosystems ◽

10.26480/taec.01.2021.12.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 12-25

Author(s):

Anuj Kumar Mandal ◽

Pankaj Kumar Yadav ◽

Krishna Hari Dhakal

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Rice Cultivation ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Standard Requirement ◽

Fertility Status ◽

Limiting Nutrient ◽

Soil Fertility Status

A study was conducted in the rice zone of Morang district to examine soil fertility status and the most limiting nutrient in the research area in accordance with rice cultivation requirements. Hundred samples were collected from two different locations of Ratuwamai Municipality ward number 6 and 8 at depth of 0-15 cm from surface soil. Samples were analyzed to find texture, pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Soil Organic Matter (SOM). Statistical tools were used to analyze the data. The most limiting nutrient in rice fields were determined by comparing the observed value with the standard requirement for rice fields. From analysis, it was revealed that, nitrogen content was found medium. Phosphorus was low in ward 6 whereas medium in ward 8. Potassium was high in ward 8 whereas medium in ward 6. SOM was low due to less application of organic fertilizer. Majority sample were of acidic probably due to more use of urea. Thirty percent samples of ward 8 were neutral and with equal alkalinity in both wards. Majority of sample was sandy loam except in ward 8 where ten percent sample was clayey loam. Both wards show equal behavior of loamy soil. Nutshell, majority of samples were of low fertility. Nitrogen and Potassium was most limiting as per the rice cultivation requirement with optimum soil pH. Various extension works regarding the importance of soil fertility management, sustainable soil management, optimum application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and the techniques to enhance the soil fertility status is required.

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Protists as main indicators and determinants of plant performance

Microbiome ◽

10.1186/s40168-021-01025-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sai Guo ◽

Wu Xiong ◽

Xinnan Hang ◽

Zhilei Gao ◽

Zixuan Jiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Plant Yield ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Beneficial Microorganisms ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Microbes

Abstract Background Microbiomes play vital roles in plant health and performance, and the development of plant beneficial microbiomes can be steered by organic fertilizer inputs. Especially well-studied are fertilizer-induced changes on bacteria and fungi and how changes in these groups alter plant performance. However, impacts on protist communities, including their trophic interactions within the microbiome and consequences on plant performance remain largely unknown. Here, we tracked the entire microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and protists, over six growing seasons of cucumber under different fertilization regimes (conventional, organic, and Trichoderma bio-organic fertilization) and linked microbial data to plant yield to identify plant growth-promoting microbes. Results Yields were higher in the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Soil abiotic conditions were altered by the fertilization regime, with the prominent effects coming from the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Those treatments also led to the pronounced shifts in protistan communities, especially microbivorous cercozoan protists. We found positive correlations of these protists with plant yield and the density of potentially plant-beneficial microorganisms. We further explored the mechanistic ramifications of these relationships via greenhouse experiments, showing that cercozoan protists can positively impact plant growth, potentially via interactions with plant-beneficial microorganisms including Trichoderma, the biological agent delivered by the bio-fertilizer. Conclusions We show that protists may play central roles in stimulating plant performance through microbiome interactions. Future agricultural practices might aim to specifically enhance plant beneficial protists or apply those protists as novel, sustainable biofertilizers.

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EFFECT OF WHEAT, LEGUME AND LEGUME-ENRICHED WHEAT RESIDUES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL FERTILITY

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.49.2001.4.8 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. N. SHARMA ◽

R. PRASAD

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

Green Manure ◽

N Uptake ◽

Cropping System ◽

Available P ◽

Fertilizer N ◽

Organic C ◽

Green Manuring

Field experiments were conducted for two crop years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the effect of enriching wheat residue with legume residue on the productivity and nitrogen uptake of a rice-wheat cropping system and soil fertility. The incorporation of wheat residue had an adverse effect on the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system. When it was incorporated along with Sesbania green manure, not only did its adverse effect disappear but the response to fertilizer N was also increased. There was no response to fertilizer N when Sesbania green manure was incorporated. When wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuring, rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N ha-1 in the first year and to 60 kgN ha-1 in the second year and at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha-1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha-1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha-1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha-1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha-1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application. The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha-1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha-1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha-1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha-1 in available K content in the soil. These treatments also gave higher residual effects in succeeding wheat than wheat residue alone. The incorporation of residues of both wheat and Sesbania is thus recommended to eliminate the adverse effect of wheat residue and to increase the beneficial effects of Sesbania green manuring.

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Soil fertility management in indigenous homegardens of Central Amazonia, Brazil

Agroforestry Systems ◽

10.1007/s10457-017-0105-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mateus Vieira da Cunha Salim ◽

Robert Pritchard Miller ◽

César A. Ticona-Benavente ◽

Johannes van Leeuwen ◽

Sonia Sena Alfaia

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Fertility Management ◽

Fertility Management ◽

Central Amazonia

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Growth, Yield and Proximate Composition of Aromatic Rice as Influenced by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Management

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb10210260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 211-219

Author(s):

Md. Jafrul Islam SUMON ◽

Tuhin Suvra ROY ◽

Md. Nazmul HAQUE ◽

Salma AHMED ◽

Kanika MONDAL

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Green Manure ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Fat Content ◽

Carbohydrate Content ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Aromatic Rice ◽

Rice Varieties

Integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve crop productivity and sustain soil health and fertility. To gain insights into the response of green manure and chemical fertilizer, the present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and proximate composition of aromatic rice varieties in Aman season at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July to December 2014. The experiment was set up in split-plot design with three aromatic rice varieties in main plots and six fertilizer levels in subplots. ‘Raniselute’ variety produced the highest plant height, dry matter weight hill-1, straw yield (7.81 t ha-1), biological yield (9.05 t ha-1), ash (1.59%), and fat content (2.81%). ‘BRRI dhan34’ gave the maximum number of effective tillers hill-1 (12.74), panicle length (27.93 cm), number of filled grains panicle-1 (192.5), 1,000-grain weight (17.22 g), grain yield (2.26 t ha-1), harvest index (29.99%), and carbohydrate content (77.63%). Application of 80% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 3.5 t ha-1 showed better performance for getting the maximum growth, yield components and yield compared to other treatments. Recommended doses of NPKSZn showed the highest carbohydrate content (77.63%) and lowest moisture (8.75%) and ash content (1.29%). The maximum fat content (3.07%) and minimum carbohydrate content (76.53%) was obtained from 60% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 7 t ha-1. Application of 20 and 40% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 14 and 10.5 t ha-1 produced the highest moisture content (10.43%) and lowest protein content (8.26%) in rice grain. Green manure 17.5 t ha-1 produced the highest ash (1.79%), protein content (9.06%) and lowest fat content (2.51%).

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Bromatology of Tifton 85 Grass Irrigated with Two Qualities of Water and under Organic Fertilization

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n11p172 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Maria Teresa Cristina Coelho do Nascimen ◽

Joelma Sales dos Santos ◽

Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽

Vera Lucia Antunes de Lima ◽

Rubens Barrichello Gomes Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Set Up ◽

Higher Doses

The reuse of solid and liquid wastes has become a viable practice for the sustainability of agricultural production, because it meets the nutritional needs of crops and also allows the use of nutrients present in these residues. The objective of this work was to analyze the nutritional value of Tifton 85 irrigated with treated domestic wastewater and fertilized with nitrogen doses from poultry bed in four successive cuts, with frequency of 35 days. The experiment was set up in a protected environment, arranged in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Five doses of nitrogen were tested through organic fertilization from avian beds (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg N ha-1) and two irrigation water qualities (treated domestic well and artesian well). After the cuts the material was dried and sent to the laboratory to determine the following parameters: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and Tifton 85 acid detergent fiber (ADF). The highest values of crude protein were obtained using the domestic wastewater treated in the irrigation, as well as using the higher doses of nitrogen from poultry litter. Just as the NDF and ADF contents presented the best values when treated domestic wastewater and the highest nitrogen doses. Indicating that irrigation with wastewater and the use of organic fertilizer may substitute for conventional manures by promoting satisfactory levels of concentrations for fodder.

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The length of the dry season may be associated with leaf scleromorphism in cerrado plants

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-376520150381 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 1691-1699 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

MARCELO C. SOUZA ◽

AUGUSTO C. FRANCO ◽

MUNDAYATAN HARIDASAN ◽

DAVI R. ROSSATTO ◽

JANAÍNA F. DE ARAÚJO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Specific Leaf Area ◽

Woody Species ◽

Dry Season ◽

Core Region ◽

The Other ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Fertility Rates ◽

Cerrado Vegetation ◽

Central Brazil

Despite limitations of low fertility and high acidity of the soils, the cerrado flora is the richest amongst savannas. Many cerrado woody species show sclerophyllous leaves, which might be related to the availability of water and nutrients in the soil. To better understand the function and structure of cerrado vegetation within its own variations, we compared two cerrado communities: one in its core region in central Brazil (Brasília, DF) and the other on its southern periphery (Itirapina, SP). We contrasted the length of the dry season, soil fertility rates, leaf concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg and the specific leaf area (SLA) between these communities. The dry season was shorter on the periphery, where the soil was more fertile although more acidic. Plants from the periphery showed higher SLA and higher leaf concentrations of N, P, Ca and Mg. We propose that the higher SLA of plants from the periphery is related to the shorter dry season, which allows better conditions for nutrient uptake.

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Impact of Long-Term Organic Fertilizer Application on Lignin in Mollisol

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1332 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 113-116 ◽

pp. 1332-1335 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ning Liu ◽

Hong Bo He ◽

Hong Tu Xie ◽

Zhen Bai ◽

Xu Dong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Carbon Pools ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Degradation Degree ◽

Northeast Of China ◽

The Impact ◽

Cuo Oxidation

Fertilization is one of the essential managements to maintain and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) level in agroecosystems. It has been realized that fertilizer applications influenced the turnover of labile and refractory organic carbon pools in arable soil markedly. However, the dynamic of relatively refractory lignin in response to fertilization is still kept unclear. Therefore, the impact of long-term organic fertilization on the content and degradation degree of lignin in Mollisol was investigated. Lignin monomers were released by alkaline CuO oxidation method and quantified by gas chromatography (GC). At the time scale of decades, lignin was clearly accumulated in soil and the relative accumulation of lignin in SOC was evident after long-term organic fertilizer application. Compared with the unfertilized soil, lower acid to aldehyde ratios of vanillyl and syringyl units induced by organic fertilization suggested a lower degradation degree of lignin incorporated into soil to some extent. It could be concluded that long-term organic fertilization was an effective fertilizer practice for lignin accumulation in soil and SOC sequestration in Mollisol in northeast of China.

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