scholarly journals Applications of CRISPR/Cas Technology to Research the Synthetic Genomics of Yeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huafeng Lin ◽  
Haizhen Wang ◽  
Aimin Deng ◽  
Minjing Rong ◽  
Lei Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Synthetic Genome ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Genomics ◽  
Genome Projects

The whole genome projects open the prelude to the diversity and complexity of biological genome by generating immense data. For the sake of exploring the riddle of the genome, scientists around the world have dedicated themselves in annotating for these massive data. However, searching for the exact and valuable information is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Advances in gene editing technology have allowed researchers to precisely manipulate the targeted functional genes in the genome by the state-of-the-art gene-editing tools, so as to facilitate the studies involving the fields of biology, agriculture, food industry, medicine, environment and healthcare in a more convenient way. As a sort of pioneer editing devices, the CRISPR/Cas systems having various versatile homologs and variants, now are rapidly giving impetus to the development of synthetic genomics and synthetic biology. Firstly, in the chapter, we will present the classification, structural and functional diversity of CRISPR/Cas systems. Then we will emphasize the applications in synthetic genome of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) using CRISPR/Cas technology based on year order. Finally, the summary and prospection of synthetic genomics as well as synthetic biotechnology based on CRISPR/Cas systems and their further utilizations in yeast are narrated.

scholarly journals The Role of Ancestral Duplicated Genes in Adaptation to Growth on Lactate, a Non-Fermentable Carbon Source for the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12293
Author(s):  
Florian Mattenberger ◽  
Mario A. Fares ◽  
Christina Toft ◽  
Beatriz Sabater-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Divergence ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Duplicated Genes ◽  
Acidic Stress ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Transcriptomic Response

The cell central metabolism has been shaped throughout evolutionary times when facing challenges from the availability of resources. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a set of duplicated genes originating from an ancestral whole-genome and several coetaneous small-scale duplication events drive energy transfer through glucose metabolism as the main carbon source either by fermentation or respiration. These duplicates (~a third of the genome) have been dated back to approximately 100 MY, allowing for enough evolutionary time to diverge in both sequence and function. Gene duplication has been proposed as a molecular mechanism of biological innovation, maintaining balance between mutational robustness and evolvability of the system. However, some questions concerning the molecular mechanisms behind duplicated genes transcriptional plasticity and functional divergence remain unresolved. In this work we challenged S. cerevisiae to the use of lactic acid/lactate as the sole carbon source and performed a small adaptive laboratory evolution to this non-fermentative carbon source, determining phenotypic and transcriptomic changes. We observed growth adaptation to acidic stress, by reduction of growth rate and increase in biomass production, while the transcriptomic response was mainly driven by repression of the whole-genome duplicates, those implied in glycolysis and overexpression of ROS response. The contribution of several duplicated pairs to this carbon source switch and acidic stress is also discussed.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing of Sake Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kyokai no. 7

DNA Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Akao ◽  
I. Yashiro ◽  
A. Hosoyama ◽  
H. Kitagaki ◽  
H. Horikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

scholarly journals The Model System Saccharomyces cerevisiae Versus Emerging Non-Model Yeasts for the Production of Biofuels

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Maria Priscila Lacerda ◽  
Eun Joong Oh ◽  
Carrie Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Inhibitor Tolerance ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Recent Advances

Microorganisms are effective platforms for the production of a variety of chemicals including biofuels, commodity chemicals, polymers and other natural products. However, deep cellular understanding is required for improvement of current biofuel cell factories to truly transform the Bioeconomy. Modifications in microbial metabolic pathways and increased resistance to various types of stress caused by the production of these chemicals are crucial in the generation of robust and efficient production hosts. Recent advances in systems and synthetic biology provide new tools for metabolic engineering to design strategies and construct optimal biocatalysts for the sustainable production of desired chemicals, especially in the case of ethanol and fatty acid production. Yeast is an efficient producer of bioethanol and most of the available synthetic biology tools have been developed for the industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Non-conventional yeast systems have several advantageous characteristics that are not easily engineered such as ethanol tolerance, low pH tolerance, thermotolerance, inhibitor tolerance, genetic diversity and so forth. Currently, synthetic biology is still in its initial steps for studies in non-conventional yeasts such as Yarrowia lipolytica, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Issatchenkia orientalis and Pichia pastoris. Therefore, the development and application of advanced synthetic engineering tools must also focus on these underexploited, non-conventional yeast species. Herein, we review the basic synthetic biology tools that can be applied to the standard S. cerevisiae model strain, as well as those that have been developed for non-conventional yeasts. In addition, we will discuss the recent advances employed to develop non-conventional yeast strains that are efficient for the production of a variety of chemicals through the use of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology.

BIOETHICAL PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENETICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
Oleg Letov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The review is devoted to the ethical problems of the development of genetics. It is noted that the XXI century has become revolutionary for biomedical sciences, completely new methods and technologies have been developed in bioengineering, synthetic biology, molecular genetics. To solve a bioethical problem, for example, gene editing, it is necessary to determine the problem of the essence of a person, because the embryo does not have a generally accepted status in the world. The new personalized medicine of the future makes the birth of healthy offspring even from unhealthy parents as one of its main tasks.

scholarly journals Social structures and communications in the world of microorganisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. Grechenko ◽  
V.N. Kharitonov ◽  
A.V. Zhegallo
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
The World ◽  
Event Dynamics ◽  
Activity Indices

Social life is based on the interaction of community members. The object of our study was microorganisms at different stages of community morphogenesis and in the process of restoring the integrity of social structures. The electrical activity indices of individual cells and groups making up these structures were recorded. In our experiments on the cyanobacteria Oscillatoria terebriformis, myxomycetes Lycogala epidendrum, and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we obtained electrographic characteristics of the states and event dynamics of social structures, which indicate synchronization processes in solving a common problem in each of the studied communities.

The increase in intracellular free-lysine levels of growing Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by sodium chloride

1981 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Tanner ◽  
L. Daniel Richmond ◽  
Chia-Jenn Wei ◽  
Jonathan Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Microbe Engineering of Guaia-6,10(14)-diene as a Building Block for the Semisynthetic Production of Plant-Derived (−)-Englerin A

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Siemon ◽  
Zhangqian Wang ◽  
Guangkai Bian ◽  
Tobias Seitz ◽  
Ziling Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Economical Method ◽  
Englerin A ◽  
Transient Receptor

Herein, we report the semisynthetic production of the potent transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel agonist (−)-englerin A (EA), using guaia-6,10(14)-diene as the starting material. Guaia-6,10(14)-diene was systematically engineered in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and produced with high titers. This provided us the opportunity to execute a concise chemical synthesis of EA and the two related guaianes (−)-oxyphyllol and (+)-orientalol E. The potentially scalable approach combines the advantages of synthetic biology and chemical synthesis and provides an efficient and economical method for producing EA as well as its analogs.

Microbe Engineering of Guaia-6,10(14)-diene as a Building Block for the Semisynthetic Production of Plant-Derived (−)-Englerin A

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Siemon ◽  
Zhangqian Wang ◽  
Guangkai Bian ◽  
Tobias Seitz ◽  
Ziling Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Economical Method ◽  
Englerin A ◽  
Transient Receptor

Herein, we report the semisynthetic production of the potent transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel agonist (−)-englerin A (EA), using guaia-6,10(14)-diene as the starting material. Guaia-6,10(14)-diene was systematically engineered in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and produced with high titers. This provided us the opportunity to execute a concise chemical synthesis of EA and the two related guaianes (−)-oxyphyllol and (+)-orientalol E. The potentially scalable approach combines the advantages of synthetic biology and chemical synthesis and provides an efficient and economical method for producing EA as well as its analogs.

PREPARASI DEINOCOCCUS RADIODURANS DAN KHAMIR DALAM MATERIAL KECAP L-DRYING SEBAGAI BAHAN UJI PROFISIENSI

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Titin Yulinery ◽  
Ratih M.Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽  
Test Preparation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Microbiological Test ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Important Quality

Tes kemampuan adalah salah satu kegiatan penting dalam pengendalian mutu dan jaminan kualitas mikrobiologi laboratorium untuk mengukur kompetensi analis dan analisis uji profisiensi membutuhkan persiapan Model mikroorganisme adalah kualitas standar dan validitas. Mikrobiologi uji kualitas produk kedelai utama diarahkan pada kehadiran Saccharomyces cerevisiae ragi (S. cerevisiae), S. Bailli, S. rouxii dankontaminan bakteri seperti Bacillus dan Deinococcus. Jenis ragi dan bakteri yang terlibat dalam proses dan dapat menjadi salah satu parameter kualitas penting dalam persiapan yang dihasilkan. Jumlah dan viabilitas bakteri dan ragi menjadi parameter utama dalam proses persiapan bahan uji. Jumlah tersebut adalah jumlah minimum yang berlaku dapat dianalisis. Jumlah ini harus dibawah 10 CFU diperlukan untuk menunjukkan tingkat hygienitas proses dan tingkat minimal kontaminasi. Viabilitas bakteri dan bahan tes ragi persiapan untuk tes kemahiran kecap yang diawetkan dengan L-pengeringan adalah teknik Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) 16 tahun, 58 tahun S. cerevisiae, dan S. roxii 13 tahun. kata kunci: Viabilitas, Deinococcus, khamir, L-pengeringan, Proficiency AbstractProficiency test is one of the important activities in quality control and quality assurance microbiology laboratory for measuring the competence of analysts and analysis Proficiency test requires a model microorganism preparations are standardized quality and validity. Microbiological test of the quality of the main soy products aimed at thepresence of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), S. bailli, S. rouxii and bacterial contaminants such as Bacillus and Deinococcus. Types of yeasts and bacteria involved in the process and can be one of the important quality parameters in the preparation produced. The number and viability of bacteria and yeasts become themain parameters in the process of test preparation materials. The amount in question is the minimum number that is valid can be analyzed. This amount must be below 10 CFU required to indicate the level of hygienitas process and the minimum level of contamination. Viability of bacteria and yeast test preparation materials for proficiencytest of soy sauce that preserved by L-drying technique is Deinococcus radiodurans ( D. radiodurans ) 16 years, 58 years S. cerevisiae, and S. roxii 13 years. key words : Viability, Deinococcus, Khamir, L-drying, Proficiency

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