scholarly journals Methods for Searching of Potential Beneficial Bacteria and Their Products in Dental Biofilm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marián Maďar ◽  
Jana Kačírová ◽  
Eva Styková ◽  
Michaela Maďarová ◽  
Radomíra Nemcová
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Dental Biofilm

Isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with tall fescue

2009 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Monk ◽  
E. Gerard ◽  
S. Young ◽  
K. Widdup ◽  
M. O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a useful alternative to ryegrass in New Zealand pasture but it is slow to establish. Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere can improve plant growth and health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Keywords: rhizosphere, endorhiza, auxin, siderophore, P-solubilisation

ASPECTOS ANTROPOLÓGICOS, BIOQUÍMICOS, MICROBIOLÓGICOS E CLÍNICOS DO CÁLCULO DENTÁRIO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Hirata Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Dental Biofilm

Resumo: O cálculo dentário é uma estrutura calcificada a partir do biofilme dentário (placa bacteriana) que, após o seu estabelecimento, é de difícil remoção e constitui um mecanismo de patogenicidade importante em diversas situações patológicas da cavidade oral por estar sempre coberto por uma camada viável de biofilme não mineralizada. A presente revisão de literatura releva a importância dos biofilmes calcificados nos contextos de doença, seus aspectos clínicos e microbiológicos em tempos anciães e contemporâneos, e sobre as medidas terapêuticas e preventivas. Apesar de todo conhecimento gerado sobre as doenças da cavidade oral, ainda são limitadas as abordagens clínicas a respeito dos mecanismos de controle dos cálculos dentários.Abstract: Dental calculus is a calcified structure from the dental biofilm (plaque), which, after its establishment, is difficult to remove and constitutes an important mechanism of pathogenicity in various pathological situations of the oral cavity because it is always covered by a viable layer of non-mineralized biofilm. The present literature highlights the importance of calcified biofilms in disease contexts, clinical and microbiological of dental calculus aspects in ancient and contemporary eras, and in therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite all the knowledge generated about the diseases of the oral cavity, the clinical approaches regarding the mechanisms of control of dental calculus still need investigations.Palavras Chave: Cálculo dentário, Calcificação do biofilme, Higiene oralKey words: Dental calculus, Biofilm calcification, Oral hygiene

scholarly journals Cariogenic Biofilm: Pathology-Related Phenotypes and Targeted Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Xiuqin Chen ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Akanksha Tyagi ◽  
Deog-Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Extracellular Polymers ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Cariogenic Biofilm

The initiation and development of cariogenic (that is, caries-related) biofilms are the result of the disruption of homeostasis in the oral microenvironment. There is a daily accumulation of dental biofilm on the surface of teeth and its matrix of extracellular polymers supports the host in its defense against invading microbes, thus helping to achieve oral microbial homeostasis. However, the homeostasis can be broken down under certain circumstances such as during long-term exposure to a low pH environment which results in the dominance of acidogenic and acid-tolerating species in the dental biofilm and, thus, triggers the shift of harmless biofilm to an acidic one. This work aims to explore microbial diversity and the quorum sensing of dental biofilm and their important contributions to oral health and disease. The complex and multispecies ecosystems of the cariogenic biofilm pose significant challenges for the modulation of the oral microenvironment. Promising treatment strategies are those that target cariogenic niches with high specificity without disrupting the balance of the surrounding oral microbiota. Here, we summarized the recent advances in modulating cariogenic biofilm and/or controlling its pathogenic traits.

scholarly journals Exploring Mucin as Adjunct to Phage Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Amanda Carroll-Portillo ◽  
Henry C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Phage Cocktail ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysbiosis

Conventional phage therapy using bacteriophages (phages) for specific targeting of pathogenic bacteria is not always useful as a therapeutic for gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. Complex dysbiotic GI disorders such as small intestinal bowel overgrowth (SIBO), ulcerative colitis (UC), or Crohn’s disease (CD) are even more difficult to treat as these conditions have shifts in multiple populations of bacteria within the microbiome. Such community-level structural changes in the gut microbiota may require an alternative to conventional phage therapy such as fecal virome transfer or a phage cocktail capable of targeting multiple bacterial species. Additionally, manipulation of the GI microenvironment may enhance beneficial bacteria–phage interactions during treatment. Mucin, produced along the entire length of the GI tract to protect the underlying mucosa, is a prominent contributor to the GI microenvironment and may facilitate bacteria–phage interactions in multiple ways, potentially serving as an adjunct during phage therapy. In this review, we will describe what is known about the role of mucin within the GI tract and how its facilitation of bacteria–phage interactions should be considered in any effort directed at optimizing effectiveness of a phage therapy for gastrointestinal dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Gut Digestive Function and Microbiome after Correction of Experimental Dysbiosis in Rats by Indigenous Bifidobacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Gromova ◽  
Elena I. Ermolenko ◽  
Anastasiya L. Sepp ◽  
Yulia V. Dmitrieva ◽  
Anna S. Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Impaired Motor Function

In recent years, great interest has arisen in the use of autoprobiotics (indigenous bacteria isolated from the organism and introduced into the same organism after growing). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of indigenous bifidobacteria on intestinal microbiota and digestive enzymes in a rat model of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis. Our results showed that indigenous bifidobacteria (the Bf group) accelerate the disappearance of dyspeptic symptoms in rats and prevent an increase in chyme mass in the upper intestine compared to the group without autoprobiotics (the C1 group), but significantly increase the mass of chyme in the colon compared to the C1 group and the control group (healthy animals). In the Bf group in the gut microbiota, the content of opportunistic bacteria (Proteus spp., enteropathogenic Escherichia coli) decreased, and the content of some beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium spp., Dorea spp., Blautia spp., the genus Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Oscillospira) changed compared to the control group. Unlike the C1 group, in the Bf group there was no decrease in the specific activities of maltase and alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa of the upper intestine, but the specific activity of maltase was decreased in the colon chyme compared to the control and C1 groups. In the Bf group, the specific activity of aminopeptidase N was reduced in the duodenum mucosa and the colon chyme compared to the control group. We concluded that indigenous bifidobacteria can protect the microbiota and intestinal digestive enzymes in the intestine from disorders caused by dysbiosis; however, there may be impaired motor function of the colon.

Antibacterial properties in-vitro of Mexican serviceberry extracts against dental biofilm species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Erika-Alejandra Salinas-Peña ◽  
Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez ◽  
Claudia Velázquez-González ◽  
Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solis ◽  
América Patricia Pontigo-Loyola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria

BACKGROUND: The Mexican serviceberry, Malacomeles denticulata, have been used as a successful oral therapy by Mexican communities without enough scientific support. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the M. denticulata extracts with selective antibacterial properties over dental biofilm bacteria. METHODS: Fruit, Leaf, and Stem of M. denticulata extracts were evaluated with micro-broth dilution method using ATCC bacteria. OD600 values had compared against each positive control (T-student-test). Anaerobically viability had confirmed by Colony-Forming-Units. Thin-Layer-Chromatography was used to identify the number of compounds and phytochemicals to identify secondary metabolites of the selected extracts. RESULTS: Streptococcus mutans showed Minimum-Bactericidal-Concentrations_(MBC) at 30 mg/mL to Fruit, Leaf, and Stem extracts. Periodontal-pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype b_(MBC = 30 mg/mL_p <  0.01); Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum_(MBC = 30 mg/mL_p<0.001); Parvimonas micra_(MBC = 15 mg/mL_NS); Porphyromonas gingivalis_(MBC = 30 mg/mL_NS); and Prevotella intermedia_(MBC = 3.75 mg/mL_NS) presented higher sensitivity to Leaf-Methanol, than the primary colonizers. Phytochemicals showed positive results to anthraquinones, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, saponins steroids/triterpenoids, steroids/triterpenes, and tannins/phenols. CONCLUSION: We suggest the natural extracts of fruit and leaf of the Mexican serviceberry for the preventive use over the oral cariogenic or periodontal biofilm species, by their selective antibacterial properties against pathogenic species evaluated in-vitro, and due to the presence of antibacterial secondary metabolites identified as flavonoids and saponins of M. denticulata leaf extracts.

Metabolic Profiles of Lactobacillus paraplantarum in Biofilm and Planktonic States and Investigation of its Intestinal Modulation and Immunoregulation in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Shuyu Guo ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Shuhui Yang ◽  
Xi Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Paraplantarum

The use of probiotics has recently become a considerably promising research area. The most advanced fourth-generation probiotics involve beneficial bacteria enclosed in biofilms. However, differences in the effects of probiotics...

scholarly journals The Effect of Proximal Cleaning Devices on Periodontal Status in Korean Adults between 2016 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Eun-Jeong Kim ◽  
Su-Jin Han
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Interdental Brush

Removal of the biofilm from the proximal space is essential for preventing periodontal disease. This study aimed to prove the association between the use of proximal cleaning devices, such as dental floss and interdental brushes, and periodontal health among nationally representative Korean adults. Data collected from the 7th National Health Nutrition Survey (KNHANES VII: 2016–2018) were used for this purpose. A total of 11,359 participants aged 19 years or older who participated in KNHANES were reviewed. The response variable was the prevalence of high CPI (CPI of 3–4), and the explanatory variables were dental floss and interdental brush. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounding factors and to analyze the association between periodontal disease and proximal cleaning devices. It was found that 63.1% of the participants did not use proximal cleaning devices at all, 17.5% used dental floss alone, 11.9% used an interdental brush, and 7.5% used both. Subjects who used both dental floss and interdental brush had a high CPI rate nearly half that of all the models for those who did not. In particular, for those using dental floss, the aOR of high CPI was 0.681 in Model 1, 0.714 in Model 2, and 0.737 in Model 3. Dental hygiene products for cleaning the proximal space, such as dental floss, are essential for removing the dental biofilm as a basic tool along with toothbrushes. Teaching and explaining the need to use these devices well are important for oral health care and maintenance.

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