scholarly journals Liposome-A Comprehensive Approach for Researchers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Sharma ◽  
Jyoti Joshi ◽  
Neeraj Kumar Chouhan ◽  
Mamta N. Talati ◽  
Sandeep Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

Bangham was first to develop these spherical-shaped nano-vesicles called liposomes in the early 1960s. Today, liposomes have emerged as crucial tools for bettering the delivery of drugs that majorly includes-antifungal drug, peptide hormones, enzymes, vaccines antimicrobial agents, drugs against cancer, and genetic materials. Following the different manufacturing practices and versatile properties liposomes can be categorized in various parameters of size, charge, poly-dispersity index, encapsulation efficiency, solubility properties, and lamellarity. Alteration in such parameters elevates the loading and bioavailability of a drug by giving more clear target specification, desired or controlled release. This bibliographic chapter provides a comprehensive overview of methods for the preparation of liposomes with other perspectives that majorly includes—physio-chemical characteristics, dosage regimen, advantages over other delivery systems, approved liposomal based drugs and other ongoing drugs in clinical trials. It will help researchers to breakthrough more structurally successful delivery vehicles depending upon their various physic-chemical properties.

scholarly journals Electrospinning: A promising technique for drug delivery systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 441-454
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Martínez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Extrinsic Factor ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Final System ◽  
Intense Research

AbstractIn the last years, electrospinning has become a technique of intense research to design and fabricate drug delivery systems (DDS), during this time a vast variety of DDS with mainly electrospun polymers and many different active ingredient(s) have been developed, many intrinsic and extrinsic factor have influence in the final system, there are those that can be attributed to the equipment set up and that to the physical-chemical properties of the used materials in the fabrication of DDS. After all, this intense research has generated a great amount of DDS loaded with one or more drugs. In this manuscript a review with the highlights of different kind of systems for drug delivery systems is presented, it includes the basic concepts of electrospinning, types of equipment set up, polymer/drug systems, limitations and challenges that need to be overcome for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Preparation and Sustained-Release Performance of PLGA Microcapsule Carrier System

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1758
Author(s):  
Shuaikai Ren ◽  
Chunxin Wang ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Congcong Xu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Carrier System ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Encapsulation Rate ◽  
Release Drug ◽  
Release Curve

Microcapsules have been widely studied owing to their biocompatibility and potential for application in various areas, particularly drug delivery. However, the size of microcapsules is difficult to control, and the size distribution is very broad via various encapsulation techniques. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain microcapsules with uniform and tailored size for the construction of controlled-release drug carriers. In this study, emulsification and solvent evaporation methods were used to prepare a variety of ovalbumin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules to determine the optimal preparation conditions. The particle size of the PLGA microcapsules prepared using the optimum conditions was approximately 200 nm, which showed good dispersibility with an ovalbumin encapsulation rate of more than 60%. In addition, porous microcapsules with different pore sizes were prepared by adding a varying amount of porogen bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the internal water phase. The release curve showed that the rate of protein release from the microcapsules could be controlled by adjusting the pore size. These findings demonstrated that we could tailor the morphology and structure of microcapsules by regulating the preparation conditions, thus controlling the encapsulation efficiency and the release performance of the microcapsule carrier system. We envision that this controlled-release novel microcapsule carrier system shows great potential for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Repurposing of Antimicrobial Agents for Cancer Therapy: What Do We Know?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3193
Author(s):  
Christina Pfab ◽  
Luisa Schnobrich ◽  
Samir Eldnasoury ◽  
André Gessner ◽  
Nahed El-Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Approved Drugs

The substantial costs of clinical trials, the lengthy timelines of new drug discovery and development, along the high attrition rates underscore the need for alternative strategies for finding quickly suitable therapeutics agents. Given that most approved drugs possess more than one target tightly linked to other diseases, it encourages promptly testing these drugs in patients. Over the past decades, this has led to considerable attention for drug repurposing, which relies on identifying new uses for approved or investigational drugs outside the scope of the original medical indication. The known safety of approved drugs minimizes the possibility of failure for adverse toxicology, making them attractive de-risked compounds for new applications with potentially lower overall development costs and shorter development timelines. This latter case is an exciting opportunity, specifically in oncology, due to increased resistance towards the current therapies. Indeed, a large body of evidence shows that a wealth of non-cancer drugs has beneficial effects against cancer. Interestingly, 335 drugs are currently being evaluated in different clinical trials for their potential activities against various cancers (Redo database). This review aims to provide an extensive discussion about the anti-cancer activities exerted by antimicrobial agents and presents information about their mechanism(s) of action and stage of development/evaluation.

scholarly journals Development and Stability Studies of Novel Liposomal Vancomycin Formulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Muppidi ◽  
Andrew S. Pumerantz ◽  
Jeffrey Wang ◽  
Guru Betageri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Activity Variable ◽  
Distribution Studies

A promising strategy to improve the therapeutic efficiency of antimicrobial agents is targeted therapy. Although vancomycin has been considered a gold standard for the therapy of MRSA pneumonia, clinical failure rates have also been reported owing to its slow, time-dependent bactericidal activity, variable lung tissue penetration and poor intracellular penetration into macrophages. Liposomal encapsulation has been established as an alternative for antimicrobial delivery to infected tissue macrophages and offers enhanced pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and decreased toxicity compared to standard preparations. The aim of the present work is to prepare vancomycin in two different liposomal formulations, conventional and PEGylated liposomes using different methods. The prepared formulations were optimized for their particle size, encapsulation efficiency and physical stability. The dehydration-rehydration was found to be the best preparation method. Both the conventional and PEGylated liposomal formulations were successfully formulated with a narrow particle size and size distribution and % encapsulation efficiency of and , respectively. Both the formulations were stable at C for 3 months. These formulations were successfully used to evaluate for their intracellular killing of MRSA and in vivo pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution studies.

scholarly journals Polymeric Drug Delivery System Based on Pluronics for Cancer Treatment

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3610
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Huayu Qiu ◽  
Shouchun Yin ◽  
Hebin Wang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Pluronic polymers (pluronics) are a unique class of synthetic triblock copolymers containing hydrophobic polypropylene oxide (PPO) and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide (PEO) arranged in the PEO-PPO-PEO manner. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and amphiphilic properties, pluronics are an ideal and promising biological material, which is widely used in drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and treatment, among other applications. Through self-assembly or in combination with other materials, pluronics can form nano carriers with different morphologies, representing a kind of multifunctional pharmaceutical excipients. In recent years, the utilization of pluronic-based multi-functional drug carriers in tumor treatment has become widespread, and various responsive drug carriers are designed according to the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, resulting in major progress in tumor therapy. This review introduces the specific role of pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy, focusing on their physical and chemical properties as well as the design aspects of pluronic polymers. Finally, using newer literature reports, this review provides insights into the future potential and challenges posed by different pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy.

Comprehensive Review on Hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Chopra ◽  
Inderbir Singh ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Tanima Bhattacharya ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Bone Engineering ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Repeated Dosing

: The conventional drug delivery systems have a long list of issues of repeated dosing and toxicity arising due to it. The hydrogels are the answer to them and offer a result that minimizes such activities and optimizes therapeutic benefits. The hydrogels proffer tunable properties that can withstand degradation, metabolism, and controlled release moieties. Some of the areas of applications of hydrogels involve wound healing, ocular systems, vaginal gels, scaffolds for tissue, bone engineering, etc. They consist of about 90% of the water that makes them suitable bio-mimic moiety. Here, we present a birds-eye view of various perspectives of hydrogels, along with their applications.

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