scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Manzo-Sánchez ◽  
Marco Tulio Buenrostro-Nava ◽  
Carlos L. Leopardi ◽  
Mario Orozco-Santos ◽  
Mauricio Guzman-Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
The World ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Parasitic Phase ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) represent the fourth most important crop in the world. In 2017, an area of 5,637,508 hectares and a production of 153 million tons were reported. Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is considered one of the most destructive diseases of bananas and plantains worldwide. The pathogen Foc causes a typical wilt syndrome on infected plants, it has a saprophytic and parasitic phase in its life cycle. Fusarium wilt is a “polycyclic” disease. This pathogen shows a relatively diverse population genetic structure for a fungus apparently of asexual reproduction and is composed of different evolutionary lineages, which has 24 groups of vegetative compatibility (VCGs), two clades and nine clonal linage. Foc is a genetically diverse pathogen, although the available evidence so far indicates that it does not use the mechanisms of sexual reproduction, such as recombination, to increase its genetic diversity. Furthermore, the population of this fungus in Southeast Asia shows a high degree of variation, suggesting that Foc lineages evolved together with their hosts in Southeast Asia. Alternatively, it has been suggested that Foc has multiple independent evolutionary origins, both within and outside of the Musaceae origin center.

Allozyme variation and an estimate of the inbreeding coefficient in the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Borsa ◽  
D. Pierre Gingerich
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Degree

AbstractSeven presumed Mendelian enzyme loci (Est-2, Est-3, Gpi, Idh-l, Idh-2, Mdh-2 and Mpi) were characterized and tested for polymorphism in coffee berry borers, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari), sampled in Côte d′Ivoire, Mexico and New Caledonia. The average genetic diversity was H = 0.080. Two loci, Mdh-2 and Mpi were polymorphic, and thus usable as genetic markers. The population structure of H. hampei was analysed using Weir & Cockerham's estimators of Wright's F-statistics. A high degree of inbreeding (f = 0.298) characterized the elementary geographic sampling unit, the coffee field. The estimate of gene flow between fields within a country was Nm = 10.6 and that between countries was Nm = 2. The population genetic structure in H. hampei could be related to its known population biological features and history.

scholarly journals Profil Plasma Nutfah dan Jenis Penyakit Pisang Lokal asal Pandeglang Banten

Faktor Exacta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Nani Maryani ◽  
Susilawati Dewi ◽  
Indah Juwita Sari ◽  
Rida Oktorida Khastini
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Center Of Origin ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Disease Fusarium Wilt

Banana is the most favorite fruits in the world. Indonesia is in the center of origin and diversity of banana in Southeast Asia. Banten is one of the most banana producer in Indonesia. However, no information on banana diversity and its associated disease available from this province. In this paper, we explored Kabupaten Pandeglang in its diversity of banana and its associated disease. Eleven local banana germplasm were identified with their associated disease. Fusarium wilt, Sigatoka, and Blood disease are the most common diseases found on those varieties. Seven local banana germplasm are described in this paper. These information are very important to preserved biodiversity of Indonesia and will be useful for future food security and sustainability.

scholarly journals Diversity and population genetic structure of the wax palmCeroxylon quindiuensein the Colombian Coffee Region

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia González-Rivillas ◽  
Adriana Bohórquez ◽  
Janeth Patricia Gutierrez ◽  
Víctor Hugo García-Merchán
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Significant Genetic Structure ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Genetic Diversity Level

AbstractThe wax palm from Quindío (Ceroxylon quindiuense) is an icon of the cultural identity of the coffee growing eco-region and of all Colombia. Processes of urbanization, expansion of the agricultural and livestock area, among others, have increased its level of threat. Protecting this palm from extinction is important at an ecological level, given its function as a key species in Andean ecosystems. This work evaluated the diversity and population genetic structure of the wax palm from Quindío in five populations of the Colombian coffee region eco-region (Andean zone) by using ten microsatellite molecular markers. Two groups were identified at genetic diversity level, along with a heterozygote deficiency in all the populations possibly due to cryptic population structure effects mediated by loss of habitat. The five sampling units considered presented a total significant genetic structure, revealing a high degree of reproductive isolation. The results presented here add to the Conservation Plan for this species existing in Colombia.

scholarly journals Comparative study of genetic diversity using RAPD markers in Salvia (Lamiaceae)

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid KHAYYATNEZHAD ◽  
Sayed Afzal Shah2
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
The World ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Degree

Salvia has a high degree of environmental compatibility and is widespread around the world, especially in tropical and temperate regions. It is represented by 61 species in Iran including 19 endemic species. Salvia species are mostly shrubs or subshrubs, occasionally herbs, typically perennial, sometimes biennial or annual, and often aromatic. The genus has high medicinal, commercial and horticultural value. It is the largest and one of the taxonomically complicated genus of Lamiaceae. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species’ limits within the Iranian Salvia, we produced both morphological and molecular data using 145 randomly collected plants representing 30 species from 18 provinces of Iran. A total of 107 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 10.7 bands/primer and 44% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. reuterana. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. suffruticosa and S. hydrangea and lowest between S. aristata and S. oligphylla. Salvia limbata showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

Genetic factors in the conservation of seagrasses

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Waycott
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seagrass Species ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Considerable Insight ◽  
Made In

Increasingly our awareness of seagrass conservation issues requires an understanding of population dynamics and knowledge of the ability of different species to recover from disturbance. Seagrass populations may recover vegetatively or through the establishment of sexually derived seedlings. Some understanding of the processes of population formation and maintenance can be obtained through population genetic surveys. With the advent of molecular genetic markers even genetically depauperate populations can be studied. Patterns of genetic variation can vary over the range of seagrass populations and with the type of marker used. A case study is presented which demonstrates the importance of surveying a significant range of species to better understand the patterns of genetic diversity present. Seagrass phylogeny needs to be improved before reliable taxonomic interpretations can be made in many seagrass groups. Uncommon or rare seagrass species require special attention to ascertain their evolutionary origins and the nature of their extant distributions. Studies of genetic factors may enhance our understanding of how seagrass populations survive over both short and long time scales and can provide considerable insight to the seagrass conservation strategist.

scholarly journals Diversity, Distribution, and Habitat Occurrence of the Diaptomid Copepods (Crustacea: Copepoda: Diaptomidae) in Freshwater Ecosystems of Thailand

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Laorsri Sanoamuang ◽  
Prapatsorn Dabseepai
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
New Record ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The World ◽  
Diaptomid Copepods ◽  
High Degree

The diversity, distribution, and checklist of diaptomid copepods from various freshwater ecosystems throughout Thailand are presented, based on data from our biodiversity projects during 1993–2019 and literature reviews. Thailand has one of the most diversified diaptomid fauna in the world, with 42 species identified from 2150 localities (4962 samples). Mongolodiaptomus has the highest species richness with ten species, followed by Tropodiaptomus with seven species. Among these, eight taxa (Arctodiaptomus sp., Mongolodiaptomus pectinidactylus, Neodiaptomus meggitti, Tropodiaptomus hebereri, T. lanaonus, T. oryzanus, T. ruttneri, and Paradiaptomus greeni) are new to the fauna of Thailand. The rare P. greeni, which predominantly occurs in Africa, is also a new record for Southeast Asia. The most frequently encountered species were Mongolodiaptomus botulifer, Phyllodiaptomus praedictus, M. calcarus, M. dumonti, M. malaindosinensis, Vietodiaptomus blachei, Phyllodiaptomus christineae, Eodiaptomus sanoamuangae, Neodiaptomus yangtsekiangensis, E. draconisignivomi, T. vicinus, and Heliodiaptomus elegans. Twelve species appear to be endemic to Thailand, and eight species occur only in the countries belonging to the lower Mekong River Basin (Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam). The uniqueness of the Thai diaptomids is a high degree of co-occurrence of four to seven species in the same localities. Comments on the taxonomic status of the species recorded are provided. In addition, the taxonomic validity of Mongolodiaptomus malaindosinensis is discussed.

The Concept of Panca-sila, Its Roots and Some Influences

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The World ◽  
Jawaharlal Nehru

All the religions of the world are based on the fundamental principles of good conduct and prohibit their followers from indulging in the misconduct and misbehavior that may harm the society at large. However, nothing appears without its root. India is famous for her heritage of philosophy and culture having got a deep system of thoughts, beautiful values and profound influences on other countries. The paper mentions the concept of Panca-sila, the origins and some of its influences on India and Southeast Asia. The paper has four parts: 1. The concept of Panca-sila in the Upanishadic ideas; 2. The connectivity of Panca-sila with Buddha; 3. The Panchsheel Treaty by Jawaharlal Nehru; and 4. Panca-sila in Sukarno’ philosophy. Received 22nd June 2018; Revised 2nd April 2019; Accepted 14th April 2019

9/11 and Armageddon: the Christian Right and George W. Bush

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Göran Gunner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Mega Church ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Jerry Falwell ◽  
High Degree

Authors from the Christian Right in the USA situate the September 11 attack on New York and Washington within God's intentions to bring America into the divine schedule for the end of the world. This is true of Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, and other leading figures in the ‘Christian Coalition’. This article analyses how Christian fundamentalists assess the roles of the USA, the State of Israel, Islam, Iraq, the European Union and Russia within what they perceive to be the divine plan for the future of the world, especially against the background of ‘9/11’. It argues that the ideas of the Christian Right and of President George W. Bush coalesce to a high degree. Whereas before 9/11 many American mega-church preachers had aspirations to direct political life, after the events of that day the President assumes some of the roles of a mega-religious leader.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK INDUK UDANG WINDU DI PERAIRAN SELATAN PANGANDARAN DAN BINUANGEUN, JAWABARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratu Siti Aliah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Gene Locus ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Population Genetic Diversity ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Mtdna Diversity

An evaluation of the Black Tiger Brood Stock (Penaeus monodon) genetic diversity of Pangandaran and Binuangeun was conducted by using the mtDNA diversity of two gene locus of CO I and 12S rRNA to understand their population genetic diversity. The result show that the brood stock of Pangandaran has 17 haplotipe, while from Binuangeun has 13 haplotipe. The result indicated that the genetic diversity of the Balck Tiger brood stock of Pangandaran was higher than thatBinuangeun.Key words : Genetic diversity, Black Tiger brood stock, Pangandaran, Binuangeun

Microsatellite analysis of population genetic diversity in Triplophysa xiangxiensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong YAO ◽  
Lingfu KONG ◽  
Dengqiang WANG ◽  
Wenhui HE ◽  
Li HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Population Genetic Diversity
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