scholarly journals Advance in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojie Cai ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
Qiulian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

Pancreatic carcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the word wild. Although the advance in treatment this disease, the 5-years survival rate is still rather low. In the recent year, many new therapy and treatment avenues have been developed for pancreatic cancer. In this chapter, we mainly focus on the following aspect: 1) the treatment modality in pancreatic cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy; 2) the mechanism of pancreatic cancer treatment resistance, especially in cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment; 3) the diagnosis tools in pancreatic cancer, including serum markers, imaging methods and endoscopic ultrasonography. Novel molecular probes based on the nanotechnology in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer are also discussed.

Cancer Survival Is (Mostly) Improving

Pained ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 245-246
Author(s):  
Michael D. Stein ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cervical Cancers

This chapter discusses how the 5-year survival rates for the most common cancers in the United States improved by nearly 20% since the 1970s. While promising overall, low survival rates persist for pancreatic, liver, lung, esophageal, brain, and many other cancers. Meanwhile, 5-year survival for uterine and cervical cancers worsened. Pancreatic cancer has the lowest 5-year survival rate at 8.2%. In contrast, prostate cancer had the greatest 5-year survival increase from 67.8% to 98.6%, most likely reflecting a substantial uptick in prostate cancer screening and early detection. Five-year survival with leukemia also improved significantly, from 34.2% to 60.6%, likely resulting from improved treatments. As such, in both detection and treatment, the United States is making progress. For the millions of Americans who face a cancer diagnosis, this is cause for hope.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Słotwiński ◽  
Gustaw Lech ◽  
Sylwia Małgorzata Słotwińska
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

scholarly journals The Intricate Metabolism of Pancreatic Cancers

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Felipe Camelo ◽  
Anne Le
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Close Relationship

AbstractCurrently, approximately 95% of pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), which are the most aggressive form and the fourth leading cause of cancer death with extremely poor prognosis [1]. Poor prognosis is primarily attributed to the late diagnosis of the disease when patients are no longer candidates for surgical resection [2]. Cancer cells are dependent on the oncogenes that allow them to proliferate limitlessly. Thus, targeting the expression of known oncogenes in pancreatic cancer has been shown to lead to more effective treatment [3]. This chapter discusses the complexity of metabolic features in pancreatic cancers. In order to comprehend the heterogeneous nature of cancer metabolism fully, we need to take into account the close relationship between cancer metabolism and genetics. Gene expression varies tremendously, not only among different types of cancers but also within the same type of cancer among different patients. Cancer metabolism heterogeneity is often prompted and perpetuated not only by mutations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes but also by the innate diversity of the tumor microenvironment. Much effort has been focused on elucidating the genetic alterations that correlate with disease progression and treatment response [4, 5]. However, the precise mechanisms by which tumor metabolism contributes to cancer growth, survival, mobility, and aggressiveness represent a functional readout of tumor progression (Fig. 1).

Abstract 2446: Targeting pancreatic cancer stem cells via the tumor microenvironment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshaan A. Rasheed ◽  
Ally Huang ◽  
Jessica Norberg ◽  
Qiuju Wang ◽  
Vesselin Penchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells

scholarly journals Nerve Fibers in the Tumor Microenvironment Are Co-Localized with Lymphoid Aggregates in Pancreatic Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Lara R. Heij ◽  
Xiuxiang Tan ◽  
Jakob N. Kather ◽  
Jan M. Niehues ◽  
Shivan Sivakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome ◽  
Lymphoid Aggregates

B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are reported to be important in survival in cancer. Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancer types, and currently, it is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. A better understanding of tumor biology is pivotal to improve clinical outcome. The desmoplastic stroma is a complex system in which crosstalk takes place between cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune cells and cancer cells. Indirect and direct cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) drive key processes such as tumor progression, metastasis formation and treatment resistance. In order to understand the aggressiveness of PDAC and its resistance to therapeutics, the TME needs to be further unraveled. There are some limited data about the influence of nerve fibers on cancer progression. Here we show that small nerve fibers are located at lymphoid aggregates in PDAC. This unravels future pathways and has potential to improve clinical outcome by a rational development of new therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Can protein science solve the unmet needs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-471
Author(s):  
Daniel Ansari ◽  
Fredrik Sambergs ◽  
Love Johansson ◽  
Roland Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy

scholarly journals A Cytotoxic Three-Dimensional-Spheroid, High-Throughput Assay Using Patient-Derived Glioma Stem Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 842-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Quereda ◽  
Shurong Hou ◽  
Franck Madoux ◽  
Louis Scampavia ◽  
Timothy P. Spicer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Glioma Stem Cells

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain cancer with an average survival time after diagnosis of only 12–14 months, with few (<5%) long-term survivors. A growing body of work suggests that GBMs contain a small population of glioma stem cells (GSCs) that are thought to be major contributors to treatment resistance and disease relapse. Identifying compounds that modulate GSC proliferation would provide highly valuable molecular probes of GSC-directed signaling. However, targeting GSCs pharmacologically has been challenging. Patient-derived GSCs can be cultured as neurospheres, and in vivo these cells functionally recapitulate the heterogeneity of the original tumor. Using patient-derived GSC-enriched cultures, we have developed a 1536-well spheroid-based proliferation assay and completed a pilot screen, testing ~3300 compounds comprising approved drugs. This cytotoxic and automation-friendly assay yielded a signal-to-background (S/B) ratio of 161.3 ± 7.5 and Z′ of 0.77 ± 0.02, demonstrating its robustness. Importantly, compounds were identified with anti-GSC activity, demonstrating the applicability of this assay for large-scale high-throughput screening (HTS).

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