scholarly journals Review of Ultra-Wide Band in Team Sports

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Markel Rico-González
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Electronic Performance

The use of valid, accurate and reliable systems is fundamental to warrant a high-quality data collection and interpretation. In 2015, FIFA created a department of Electronic Performance and Tracking systems, collecting under this name the more used tracking systems in team sport setting: high-definition cameras, Global Positioning Systems, and Local Positioning Systems. To date, LPS systems proved to be valid and accurate in determining the position and estimating distances and speeds. However, it is hypothesized that between LPS, ultra-wide band (UWB) is the most promising technology for the future. Thus, this chapter was aimed to make an update about UWB technology in sport: the FIFA’s regulation, manufacturer that provide this technology, the research articles that assessed validity and reliability of UWB technology, and the criteria standard for the use of this technology.

Comparison of the validity and reliability of local positioning systems against other tracking technologies in team sport: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712098823
Author(s):  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
José M Oliva-Lozano ◽  
Petrus Gantois ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Markel Rico-González
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Technology Intervention ◽  
Electronic Performance ◽  
Boolean Search

Given the accuracy in data collection, radar-based local positioning systems (LPS) are a promising technology to monitor training load in team sports. The objective of this study was to systematically review articles that compare the validity and reliability of LPS to other electronic performance and tracking system (EPTS) in team sports. The authors searched three electronic databases (SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Web of Science) to identify relevant studies published by October 21, 2019. A Boolean search was performed, including sport ( population), search terms related to intervention technology ( intervention technology), and outcome measures of the technology ( outcomes). Seven studies evaluated the validity and reliability of LPS in team sports in comparison with other EPTS, including semi-automatic video technology (VID) and Global Positioning System (GPS). Two articles compared LPS to VID, three articles compared LPS to GPS, and two articles compared LPS to both GPS and VID. LPS is considered a valid and reliable EPTS in the field of load monitoring of team sports, usually resulting in higher accuracy than VID or GPS. However, special care should be taken when analyzing load indicators at high speeds or different trajectories, since the validity and reliability depend on the EPTS itself.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reliability of Local Positioning Systems for Measuring Sport Movement Patterns in Stadium-Scale: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markel Rico-González ◽  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Filipe M. Clemente ◽  
Daniel Rojas-Valverde ◽  
José Pino-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Technology Intervention ◽  
Boolean Search

The use of valid, accurate and reliable systems is decisive for ensuring the data collection and correct interpretation of the values. Several studies have reviewed these aspects on the measurement of movement patterns by high-definition cameras (VID) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) but not by Local Positioning Systems (LPS). Thus, the aim of the review was to summarize the evidence about the validity and reliability of LPS technology to measure movement patterns at human level in outdoor and indoor stadium-scale. The authors systematically searched three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus) to extract studies published before 21 October 2019. A Boolean search phrase was created to include sport (population; 8 keywords), search terms relevant to intervention technology (intervention technology; 6 keywords) and measure outcomes of the technology (outcomes; 7 keywords). From the 62 articles found, 16 were included in the qualitative synthesis. This systematic review revealed that the tested LPS systems proved to be valid and accurate in determining the position and estimating distances and speeds, although they were not valid or their accuracy decreased when measuring instantaneous speed, peak accelerations or decelerations or monitoring particular conditions (e.g., changes of direction, turns). Considering the variability levels, the included studies showed that LPS provide a reliable way to measure distance variables and athletes’ average speed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Antenna Height on the Measurement of Collective Variables Using an Ultra-Wide Band Based Local Positioning System in Team Sports

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Petrus Gantois ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Trained Athlete ◽  
Collective Variables ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
Basketball Court ◽  
Distance Difference

Ultra-wide band (UWB) based local positioning systems (LPS) are based on devices and a portable antenna set. The optimal installation height of the antennae is crucial to ensure data accuracy. Collective variables are metrics that consider at least two pairs of coordinates, which may lead to lower precision than an individual one. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the influence of antenna height with collective metrics using a UWB (i.e., IMU; WIMU PRO™, RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain) based LPS. Data acquisition was carried out in a basketball court measuring 28 × 15 m. Five devices were used; one of which was carried by a healthy and well-trained athlete (age: 38 years, mass: 76.34 kg, height 1.70 m), while each of the remaining four was positioned on a tripod in one of the four corners of the court. Four kinds of variables were extracted: (1) static distances, (2) dynamic distances, (3) static areas and (4) dynamic areas in all antenna installation modes of 0.15, 1.30 and 2.00 m. The results showed that the antenna of 1.30 m provided better accuracy for all measures (% difference range from −0.94 to 1.17%) followed by the antenna of 2.00 m (% difference range from −2.50 to 2.15%), with the antenna of 0.15 m providing the worst accuracy level (% difference range from −1.05 to 3.28%). Overall, the measurements of distance metrics showed greater accuracy than area metrics (distance % difference range from −0.85 to 2.81% and area % difference range from −2.50 to 3.28). In conclusion, the height of the antennae in basketball courts should be similar to the height at which the devices are attached to a player’s upper back. However, as the precision is sensitive to the magnitude of the measure, further studies should assess the effects of the relative height of antennae in team sports with greater playing spaces.

scholarly journals The Validity and Reliability of 1-Hz and 5-Hz Global Positioning Systems for Linear, Multidirectional, and Soccer-Specific Activities

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Portas ◽  
Jamie A. Harley ◽  
Christopher A. Barnes ◽  
Christopher J. Rush
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Typical Error ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Measured Distance

Purpose:The study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of commercially available nondifferential Global Positioning System (NdGPS) devices for measures of total distance during linear, multidirectional and soccer-specific motion at 1-Hz and 5-Hz sampling frequencies.Methods:Linear (32 trials), multidirectional (192 trials) and soccer-specific courses (40 trials) were created to test the validity (mean ± 90% confidence intervals), reliability (mean ± 90% confidence intervals) and bias (mean ± 90% confidence intervals) of the NdGPS devices against measured distance. Standard error of the estimate established validity, reliability was determined using typical error and percentage bias was established.Results:The 1-Hz and 5-Hz data ranged from 1.3% ± 0.76 to 3.1% ± 1.37 for validity and 2.03% ± 1.31 to 5.31% ± 1.2 for reliability for measures of linear and soccer-specific motion. For multidirectional activity, data ranged from 1.8% ± 0.8 to 6.88% ± 2.99 for validity and from 3.08% ± 1.34 to 7.71% ± 1.65 for reliability. The 1-Hz underestimated some complex courses by up to 11%.Conclusions:1-Hz and 5-Hz NdGPS could be used to quantify distance in soccer and similar field-based team sports. Both 1-Hz and 5-Hz have a threshold beyond which reliability is compromised. 1-Hz also underestimates distance and is less valid in more complex courses.

Accuracy, inter-unit reliability and comparison between GPS and UWB-based tracking systems for measuring centripetal force during curvilinear locomotion

2020 ◽  
pp. 175433712096160
Author(s):  
Paulino Granero-Gil ◽  
Alejandro Bastida-Castillo ◽  
Daniel Rojas-Valverde ◽  
Carlos D Gómez-Carmona ◽  
Ernesto de la Cruz Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Centripetal Force ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Centripetal Forces

Curvilinear locomotion is important for team sports performance and requires data collection and monitoring of centripetal forces. Currently, the centripetal force can be measured by different sensors that compose inertial devices, but its accuracy needs to be assessed. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the accuracy and inter-unit reliability of both global positioning (GPS)-based and ultra-wideband (UWB)-based systems for practical application in the field. Following institutional ethical approval and familiarization, 10 elite-level male soccer players performed six circuits on four tracks (6-m radius circle, 9.15-m radius circle, 12-m radius circle, and combined track locomotion) in both directions (three counter-clockwise and three clockwise) and were monitored by two tracking systems (GPS and UWB). The direct measurement was compared with the theoretical centripetal force calculated by photocells and spatial references. The UWB technology showed better accuracy (clockwise, bias =−1.34 N; counter-clockwise, bias = 1.09 N) than the GPS (clockwise, bias = −2.19 N; counter-clockwise, bias = 1.75 N) in centripetal force measurements. However, both tracking technologies obtained very large to nearly perfect reliability results (GPS: ICC = 0.76-0.96; UWB: ICC = 0.76–0.98). In conclusion, even though both technologies proved to be reliable and data could be compared between units, the UWB-based system demonstrated better accuracy than the GPS-based system to detect centripetal force during curvilinear locomotion.

Comparing accuracy between global positioning systems and ultra-wideband-based position tracking systems used for tactical analyses in soccer

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1157-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Bastida-Castillo ◽  
Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona ◽  
Ernesto De La Cruz Sánchez ◽  
José Pino-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Position Tracking ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Global Positioning Systems ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning

Chaotic Synchronization in Ultra-Wide-Band Communication and Positioning Systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Chedjou ◽  
K. Kyamakya ◽  
W. Mathis ◽  
I. Moussa ◽  
A. Fomethe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Analog Simulation ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Coupling Parameters ◽  
Very High Frequencies ◽  
Very High

This paper investigates synchronization transitions in a system of coupled Rössler type nonidentical self-sustained chaotic oscillators. The interest in Rössler oscillators is due to their chaotic behavior at very high frequencies. Both phase synchronization and lag synchronization are analyzed numerically considering coupling parameters. It is shown that both types of synchronization can be achieved by monitoring the coupling parameters. The advantage of using one parameter to ensure both types of synchronization is found in practice. Another advantage of monitoring only one resistor is found in the accuracy of results. One resistor is used to predict the boundaries of the control resistor for the occurrence of each type of synchronization. An experimental study of the synchronization is carried out in this paper. An appropriate electronic circuit describing the coupled oscillators is designed and realized. Experimental wave forms in the drive and response systems are obtained and their comparison done to confirm the achievement of synchronization. The analog simulation is advantageous to analyze the behavior of the coupled system at very high frequencies at appropriate time scaling and offers the possibility of using our coupled system for ultra-wide-band applications.

scholarly journals Self-Weighted Multilateration for Indoor Positioning Systems

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Alberto Fornaser ◽  
Luca Maule ◽  
Alessandro Luchetti ◽  
Paolo Bosetti ◽  
Mariolino De Cecco
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Ultra Wide Band ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ultrasound Propagation ◽  
Measurement Repeatability

The paper proposes an improved method for calculating the position of a movable tag whose distance to a (redundant) set of fixed beacons is measured by some suitable physical principle (typically ultra wide band or ultrasound propagation). The method is based on the multilateration technique, where the contribution of each individual beacon is weighed on the basis of a recurring, self-supported calibration of the measurement repeatability of each beacon at a given distance range. The work outlines the method and its implementation, and shows the improvement in measurement quality with respect to the results of a commercial Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) system when tested on the same set of raw beacon-to-tag distances. Two versions of the algorithm are proposed: one-dimensional, or isotropic, and 3D. With respect to the standard approach, the isotropic solution managed to reduce the maximum localization error by around 25%, with a maximum error of 0.60 m, while the 3D version manages to improve even further the localization accuracy, with a maximum error of 0.45 m.

scholarly journals A Survey to Assess the Quality of the Data Obtained by Radio-Frequency Technologies and Microelectromechanical Systems to Measure External Workload and Collective Behavior Variables in Team Sports

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markel Rico-González ◽  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Daniel Rojas-Valverde ◽  
Filipe M. Clemente ◽  
José Pino-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Global Positioning

Electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) allow the measurement of training load (TL) and collective behavior in team sports so that match performance can be optimized. Despite the frequent use of radio-frequency (RF) technology (i.e., global positioning navigation systems (GNSS/global positioning systems (GPS)) and, local position systems (LPS)) and MEMS in sports research, there is no protocol that must be followed, nor are there any set guidelines for evaluating the quality of the data collection process in studies. Thus, this study aims to suggest a survey based on previously used protocols to evaluate the quality of data recorded by RF technology and MEMS in team sports. A quality check sheet was proposed considering 13 general criteria items. Four additional items for GNSS/GPS, eight additional items for LPS, and five items for MEMS were suggested. This information for evaluating the quality of the data collection process should be reported in the methods sections of future studies.

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