scholarly journals Soil and Agronomic Management for Cucumber Production in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Ndubuisi Okafor ◽  
Japhet J. Yaduma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Fertiliser Use

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L) is an important crop; widely cultivated in different agroecologies of Nigeria. Its production continues to gain attention in Nigerian communities because of their nutritional and economic values. Average yield per/ha is below world average. Factors responsible for the low yield include inappropriate farming systems, climate change, pests and diseases infestation, poor access to credit facilities, inappropriate method of cultivation, distance to market and low availability of land. Important but often neglected is the quality/fertility status of cucumber producing soils of Nigeria. Fertiliser use is inadequate and application is often based on blanket recommendation. Low soil quality and poor agronomic management have contributed to >40% decrease in yield. With good agricultural practices and soil management, optimum yield can be attained.

scholarly journals THE CHOICE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES PRACTICED BY CASSAVA-BASED FARMERS IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA

AGROFOR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adanna HENRI-UKOHA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Area Data

The study on choice of climate change adaptation strategies practiced by cassavabased farmers was conducted in Southern Nigeria. The following specific objectives were achieved: to ascertain the perceived effects of climate change in the study area and to determine factors influencing the choice of using climate change adaptation strategies by cassava-based farmers in the study area. Data were obtained through the administration of questionnaire to 300 randomly sampled cassava-based farmers in the study area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, frequencies, percentages and inferential statistics such as Multinomial Logit Regression technique. The result revealed that farmers perceived increase in flood incidence (91.33%), drought (90.67%), high incidence of pests and diseases (55%) and low yield (50%) as the effects of climate change in the study area. Also, from the results, 58% of the farmers chose not to employ the use of climate change adaptation strategies while only 42% decided to choose using climate change adaptation options in the study area. The result also showed that age of the farmer, farming experience, gender, marital status, level of education, household size, access to credit, access to agricultural extension services and membership of association were the factors influencing the choice climate change adaptation strategies used by the farmers. The study concluded that socioeconomic attributes of the farmers affected their choice of climate change adaptation strategies. Policy should be targeted at designing climate change adaptation technology to farmers as well as providing the enabling environment that would encourage them to employ it.

scholarly journals Root traits for low input agroecosystems in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mame Sokhatil Ndoye ◽  
Jimmy Burridge ◽  
Rahul Bhosale ◽  
Alexandre Grondin ◽  
Laurent Laplaze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
New Cultivars

In Africa, agriculture is largely based on low-input and small-holder farming systems that use little inorganic fertilizers and have limited access to irrigation and mechanization in comparison to modern agricultural systems. Improving agricultural practices and developing new cultivars adapted to these low-input environments, where production already suffers from climate change, is a major priority for ensuring food security in the future. Root phenes improving water and nutrient uptake could represent a solution toward achieving these goals. In this review, we illustrate how breeding for specific root phenes could improve crop adaptation and resilience in Africa using three case studies covering very contrasted low-input agro-ecosystems. We conclude with a discussion on how these phenes could be validated and made available to breeders and agronomists.

scholarly journals Economics of West African Dwarf (WAD) Goat Production among Small Holder Farmers in Humid and Tropical Region of the World

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. I. Ume
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Small Holder

Economics of West African Dwarf (WAD) goat Production by Small Holder Farmers in humid and tropical region was studied using 120 farmers selected from southeast states of Nigeria. The information generated for the study comprised farmers’ socio-economic characteristics and other quantitative variables relevant to the study using mainly structured questionnaire and personal interviewed, descriptive Statistic such as percentage response and budgetary technique were used to address the objectives of the study. The mean of age of the farmer was 54 years, level of education was 11 years, while years of rearing experience and house hold size were 10 and 7 respectively. The result of net farm income analysis revealed that an average total cost of goat production was  $127,517 per 12 herds of goat with cost of purchasing breeding kids input resource constituting the highest (30%) of total costs of production. A positive net farm income of $23938 was realized by average goat farmer in the study area, indicating the profitability of the enterprise. The identified problems limiting goat production in the region were poor access credit, problem of pests and diseases, seasonality of forage, theft problem, poor extension contact, poor nutrition of confined animal and technology too costly. There are needs for policies options and measures to enhance farmers’ access to education, access to credit, extension services, and access to drugs at subsidized rates to ensure goat production by the farmers.

scholarly journals Climate change and Adaptation Coping Strategies among Sheep and Goat Farmers in Ivo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ume Smiles ◽  
C. I. Ezeano ◽  
C. D. Ochiaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Age Range

Climate change and Adaptation Coping Strategies among Sheep and Goat Farmers in Ivo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria was studied. A total of 60 respondents were selected using  multi-stage random sampling technique. Data  for the study was collected using a  structured questionnaire. Percentage responses and multiple regressions were used to analyzed the data. The results revealed that males were more prominent in sheep and goat farming with age range of 41-61 years old. Also, majority of the sampled farmers were married, educated, had access to extension services with household size of 7-12 persons. Also, the adaptation coping strategies adopted by the farmers were use of shade, Use of  nutrient-dense diets , destocking and use of drinking water. Furthermore, the farmers socio-economic characteristics that affected the  adaptation  of climate change coping strategies in sheep and goats production were level of education, farming experience and age of the farmers. In addition, rainfall, temperature and relative humidity were the weather elements that effected sheep and goat production in the study area.   Finally, the factors limiting farmers’ adaptation coping strategies were  poor access to credit, poor access to  information, poor access to extension services and poor government involvements.The need to ensure the  farmers’ access to credit, education and extension services should be enhancedKeywords; Climate change, Adaptation, Coping Strategies, Sheep and Goat, Farmers.

scholarly journals Sustainability of the rice-shrimp farming system in Mekong Delta, Vietnam: a climate adaptive model

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huy Duc Dang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Integrated Agriculture

PurposeAgricultural systems in Mekong Delta have transformed to cope with climate change. Various researches pointed out that integrated agriculture-aquaculture (IAA) farming systems (i.e., rice-shrimp, rice-fish…) emerged as potential climate adaptive practices. However, limited studies are attempting to assess the sustainability of these agricultural practices. Therefore, it is essential to assess whether or not these systems will be sustainable in the context of climate change and what can be done to make it sustainable. The present study conducted the sustainability assessment of the rice-shrimp system to identify potential areas for improvement as well as policy implication to increase resilience and adaptation of coastal IAA system which could contribute to the understanding of other coastal agricultural deltas around the globe.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a quantitative approach including the assessment protocol of van Asselt et al. (2014), the assessment framework of Vanloon et al. (2005), and the MCA methodology to flexibly and holistically assess the sustainability level of agricultural systems.FindingsResults concluded that rice-shrimp systems have the potential to improve livelihood, food security, and adaptation of coastal farmers. Major improvements should be considered for productivity, efficiency, and equity themes, while minor improvements can be made for stability, durability, and compatibility themes.Originality/valueThis research could be used as a guideline for sustainability assessment in a context-specific case study of IAA, which showed a potential for the application of other climate-smart IAAs in similar contexts around the globe.

scholarly journals Building climate change resilience through adaptation in smallholder farming systems in semi-arid Zimbabwe

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obert Jiri ◽  
Paramu L. Mafongoya ◽  
Pauline Chivenge
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Household Decisions

Purpose This study aimed to determine factors that increase resilience and cause smallholder farmers to adapt better to climate change and vulnerability. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors used the vulnerability to resilience model and binary logit model to analyse the factors influencing household decisions to adapt. Findings Households with increased access to climate information through extension services were likely to have better adaptation abilities. It was also shown that younger farmers were likely to adapt to climate change given their flexibility to adopt new techniques and their access and use of modern information and technology. Larger households were found to have higher probability of adapting as most adaptation strategies are labour intensive. Household’s possession of livestock and access to credit significantly enhanced adaptation. However, households with higher farm income have lesser incentives to adapt to because their current farming practices might already be optimum. Research limitations/implications Given that most of the smallholder farmers are vulnerable, such as women-headed households and the elderly, who are labour constrained, there is need for research and development of labour saving technologies to increase resilience to climate change and vulnerability. Originality/value These findings underscore the importance of enabling farmer access to information and better technologies which enable them to increase adaptive capacity and resilience.

scholarly journals Root traits for low input agroecosystems in Africa: lessons from three case studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mame Sokhatil Ndoye ◽  
Jimmy Burridge ◽  
Rahul Bhosale ◽  
Alexandre Grondin ◽  
Laurent Laplaze
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Low Input ◽  
The Face ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Small Holder

In Africa, agriculture is largely based on low-input and small-holder farming systems that use little inorganic fertilizers and have limited access to irrigation and mechanization. Improving agricultural practices and developing new cultivars adapted to these low-input environments, where production already suffers from climate change, is a major priority for ensuring food security in the future. Root traits improving water and nutrient uptake could represent a solution toward achieving these goals. In this review, we illustrate how breeding for specific root traits could improve crop adaptation and resilience in Africa using three case studies covering very contrasted low-input agroecosystems. First, we review how targeted changes in root system architecture allowed a dramatic increase in common bean yield in low input agroecosystems of South East Africa. We next discuss how root traits could be targeted to improve the productivity and resilience of dryland cereals in the face of climate change and soil degradation. Finally, we evaluate how root traits could be mobilized to develop water-saving rice agroecosystems for West Africa. We conclude with a discussion on how to prioritize target root traits, how they could be validated and made available to breeders and farmers through participatory approaches.

scholarly journals Diversity and impacts of key grassland and forage arthropod pests in China and New Zealand: An overview of IPM and biosecurity opportunities

NeoBiota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 137-168
Author(s):  
Mark R. McNeill ◽  
Xiongbing Tu ◽  
Colin M. Ferguson ◽  
Liping Ban ◽  
Scott Hardwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Impact

For both New Zealand and China, agriculture is integral to the economy, supporting primary production in both intensive and extensive farming systems. Grasslands have important ecosystem and biodiversity functions, as well providing valuable grazing for livestock. However, production and persistence of grassland and forage species (e.g. alfalfa) is not only compromised by overgrazing, climate change and habitat fragmentation, but from a range of pests and diseases, which impose considerable costs on growers in lost production and income. Some of these pest species are native, but increasingly, international trade is seeing the rapid spread of exotic and invasive species. New Zealand and China are major trading partners with significant tourist flow between the two countries. This overview examines the importance of grasslands and alfalfa in both countries, the current knowledge on the associated insect pest complex and biocontrol options. Identifying similarities and contrasts in biology and impacts along with some prediction on the impact of invasive insect species, especially under climate change, are possible. However, it is suggested that coordinated longitudinal ecological research, carried out in both countries using sentinel grass and forage species, is critical to addressing gaps in our knowledge of biology and impact of potential pests, along with identifying opportunities for control, particularly using plant resistance or biological control.

scholarly journals Benefits and challenges of serious gaming – the case of “The Maladaptation Game”

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Asplund ◽  
Tina-Simone Neset ◽  
Janina Käyhkö ◽  
Lotten Wiréhn ◽  
Sirkku Juhola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Interactive Technologies ◽  
Serious Gaming ◽  
Future Challenges

AbstractThe use of digital tools and interactive technologies for farming systems has increased rapidly in recent years and is likely to continue to play a significant role in meeting future challenges. Particularly games and gaming are promising new and innovative communication strategies to inform and engage public and stakeholders with scientific research. This study offers an analysis of how a research based game on climate change maladaptation can support, but also hinder players’ sense-making processes. Through the analysis of eight gaming workshops, this study identifies challenges and support for the players’ sense-making. While it concludes that conceptual thinking of game content sometimes clashes with players’ everyday experiences and practice, possibly resulting in loss of credibility, this study also concludes that gaming may function as an eye-opener to new ways of thinking. Overall, this paper suggests that the communication of (social) science and agricultural practices through serious gaming has great potential but at the same time poses challenges due to different knowledge systems and interpretive frameworks among researchers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Relationship between pesticide use and climate change for crops

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhakta R. Palikhe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
The Relationship

The use (and abuse) of pesticides has increased to combat insect-pests and diseases. However, the major causes concern of are the undesirable side effects of these chemicals on biodiversity, environment, food quality and human health .Climate change will have important implications for insect conservation and pest status. Climate and weather can substantially influence the development and distribution of insects. Most of the warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to man-made activities. Anthropogenically induced climatic change arising from increasing levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases would, therefore, be likely to have a significant effect on agricultural insect pests. Current best estimates of changes in climate indicate an increase in global mean annual temperatures of 1[o] C by 2025 and 3[o]C by the end of the next century. Such increases in temperature have a number of implications for temperature-dependent insect pests. The Assessment investigates the relationship between pesticide use and climate for crops that require relatively large amounts of pesticide. This paper describes such input-driven agriculture, the problem of pests and diseases and the unsustainable agricultural practices that it leads to, and the socio-economic and health externalities resulting in farmer's distress in pesticide hot spots. To protect ourselves, our economy, and our land from the adverse effects of climate change, we must ultimately dramatically reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The causes of anthropogenic climate change are broad and often difficult to address. There is no single solution to this complex problem, but numerous opportunities exist for reducing problems of climate change. The issue of climate change is one of the most profound challenges of our time, and we believe it is a challenge that can be met. The Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 83-91

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document