scholarly journals Limited Knowledge and Unsafe Practices in Usage of Pesticides and The Associated Toxicity Symptoms among Farmers in Tullo and Finchawa Rural Kebeles, Hawassa City, Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana MHD Jamal Alshalati
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

The insufficient knowledge regarding safe and proper pesticide handling by farmers in developing countries has led to extensive agricultural expansions at the expense of the health of farmers. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and field practices of farmers regarding pesticide handling, and to determine the prevalence of acute and chronic health-related problems in Finchawa and Tullo rural Kebeles of Hawassa City Administration. A cross-sectional mixed methods research design was employed to capture the fuller image of the issue. Farmers’ knowledge regarding pesticide handling and toxicity found to be on average. The odds of the knowledge concerning proper pesticide handling was positively influenced by the factor of age, access to training; and years of experience; Field practices adopted by farmers were disappointing and intentional suicide incidents among teenagers were the result of farmers’ unsafe storage. Nearly all the farmers did not use any means of PPE, and the lack of awareness about the dermal route presented a high risk of exposure. The common self-reported toxicity symptoms experienced by the participants included a headache (84.93%) and slow heartbeats (72.60%). The odds of prevalence of long-term toxicity symptoms found to be negatively correlated with the training factor while the same was positively influenced by the working hours in the farm. The study revealed that there is a high risk of exposure among farmers and their families in the study area.

Impact of infantile short bowel syndrome on long-term health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1309-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne F. Olieman ◽  
Corine Penning ◽  
Marten J. Poley ◽  
Elisabeth M.W.J. Utens ◽  
Wim C.J. Hop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals PEMILIHAN KONTRASEPSI BERDASARKAN EFEK SAMPING PADA DUA KELOMPOK USIA REPRODUKSI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Erna Setiawati ◽  
Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani ◽  
Asih Kuswardinah
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Risk Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Kelompok usia reproduksi terbagi dalam tiga fase yaitufase menunda kehamilan (<20 tahun), fase menjarangkan kehamilan (20-30 tahun) dan fase mengakhiri kehamilan (>30 tahun). Cara yang ditempuh yaitu dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi.baik  MKJPmaupunnon MKJP. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak perbedaan pemilihan kontrasepsi MKJP dan non MKJP berdasarkan efek samping pada dua kelompok usia reproduksi. Penelitin ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, pengambilan data dengan kuesioner. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah akseptor KB baik MKJP maupun non MKJP pada bulan april sampai juni sebanyak 200 responden, dimana tekhnik pengambilan datanya dengan random sampling dan kuota sampling. Hasil penelitian kemudian diuji dengan mann-whitney test.Hasil penelitian dengan uji mann whitney test diperoleh p = 0.662 dengan kata lain p > α (0.05) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan pemilihan MKJP dan non MKJP berdasarkan efek samping di Wilayah Kabupaten Semarang.      ABSTRACT Reproductive-age category can be divided into three groups which are the group of delayed interval pregnancy (less than 20 years old), the group of intervalcontrol pregnancy (20 to 30 years old), and the group of high risk pregnancy (more than 30 years old). An alternative to avoid high risk pregnancy is by using contraception tool namely long-term contraception (MKJP) and non long-term contraception (non MKJP).The purpose of this research is to analysedwhether there are differences in choosing MKJP and non –MKJP based on side effects in the two reproductive-age groups.This research was an explanatory research with cross-sectional design. The population were all women of contraception acceptors in Semarang Regency.The samples were 200 respondents, used simple random sampling and quota sampling. This research used quisionaire instrument and analyze used mann whitney test (α=0,05). Theresult showed thatP = 0,662 meaning P > α = 0.05 which means there is no difference in choosing MKJP and non-MKJP based on side effects in the two reproduction-age groups in Semarang regency.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life Among Long-Term Rectal Cancer Survivors With an Ostomy: Manifestations by Sex

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4664-4670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Krouse ◽  
Lisa J. Herrinton ◽  
Marcia Grant ◽  
Christopher S. Wendel ◽  
Sylvan B. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Purpose Intestinal stomas can pose significant challenges for long-term (≥ 5 years) rectal cancer (RC) survivors. Specifying common challenges and sociodemographic or clinical differences will further the development of tailored interventions to improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patients and Methods This was a matched cross-sectional study of long-term RC survivors conducted in three Kaiser Permanente regions. The mailed questionnaire included the modified City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy (mCOH-QOL-Ostomy) and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36v2). Groups surveyed were permanent ostomates (cases) and those who did not require an ostomy (controls). RC survivors were matched on sex, age, and time since diagnosis. Comparisons between groups used regression analysis with adjustment for age, comorbidity score, history of radiation therapy, income, and work status. Results Response rate was 54% (491 of 909). Cases and controls had similar demographic characteristics. On the basis of the mCOH-QOL-Ostomy, both male and female cases had significantly worse social well-being compared with controls, while only female cases reported significantly worse overall HRQOL and psychological well-being. For younger females (< age 75 years), ostomy had a greater impact on physical well-being compared with older females. Based on the SF-36v2, statistically significant and meaningful differences between female cases and controls were observed for seven of the eight scales and on the physical and mental component summary scores. Conclusion Men and women report a different profile of challenges, suggesting the need for targeted or sex-specific interventions to improve HRQOL in this population. This may include focus on physical HRQOL for female ostomy survivors younger than age 75.

scholarly journals Frequency of osteoporosis in patients with peptic ulcer disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Amin ◽  
Qaisar Farooq ◽  
Rizwan Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is one of the common presentations in the medical as well as Gastroenterology clinics and it can end up in various short- and long-term complications among which osteoporosis is highly under rated. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the frequency of osteoporosis in cases having PUD. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine during 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2020 in Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. The diagnosed cases of PUD on the basis of history and endoscopic findings with the age range of 20 to 60 years were included. Osteoporosis was labelled as yes, where a T-score of ≤ -2.5 on DEXA scan was noted. RESULTS: In this study, there were a total of 139 cases, out of which 75 (53.95%) were males and 64 (46.05%) females. The mean age of the participants was 48.11±9.43 years. Osteoporosis was observed in 14 (10.07%) out of 139 cases. Osteoporosis was seen in 05 (6.67%) males vs 09 (14.06%) females in their respective groups with p= 0.148. Osteoporosis was observed in 4 (5.80%) cases with a duration of PUD up to 2 years and 10 (14.28%) cases with duration more than this with p= 0.096 CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis is not uncommon in cases with Peptic ulcer disease, and there is no significant association with any of the confounders of this study.

scholarly journals Long-term Effectiveness of Overnight Shiftwork Implementation on Pediatric Residents’ Wellness: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiro Nakao ◽  
Osamu Nomura ◽  
Mitsuru Kubota ◽  
Akira Ishiguro
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Work Style

Abstract BackgroundIn Japan, the “Work Style Reform Bill” was partially enacted in 2019. In 2011, an Overnight Call Shift (OCS) system was introduced for pediatric training at the National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD). A questionnaire survey was conducted twice during the introduction of this system, finding a decrease in working hours, but no change in the depressive tendency of the residents. We conducted a follow-up survey in 2019 to investigate the long-term effectiveness of the OCS system to improve the pediatric residents’ wellness at NCCHD.MethodsA questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted for pediatric residents in 2019, and the results were compared to those of the previous survey in 2012. The questionnaire includes demographic data, working conditions data, and wellness assessment by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsThe collection rate for the 2019 survey was 94.5% (37 participants/39 eligible). Compared to 2012, there were no significant changes in demographic data and working hours, a significant increase by about 30% in residents who took daytime off after night work, about 10% decrease in residents who scored 16 and above on the CES-D, and a significant decrease in the mean score for depersonalization (DP) in the MBI.ConclusionsThis survey demonstrated the long-term effectiveness of the implemented OCS system to improve pediatric residents’ wellness. This study provides evidence for the further initiative to improve pediatricians’ wellness for preparing for the government’s overtime regulations for physicians scheduled for 2024.

scholarly journals Permanent Bilateral Carotid Filters for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom De Potter ◽  
Ofer Yodfat ◽  
Guy Shinar ◽  
Avraham Neta ◽  
Vivek Y. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Mechanical Filter ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
The Common

Abstract Purpose of Review A novel permanent carotid filter device for percutaneous implantation was developed for the purpose of stroke prevention. In this review, we cover rationale, existing preclinical and clinical data, and potential future directions for research using such a device. Recent Findings The Vine™ filter was assessed for safety in sheep and in 2 observational human studies, the completed CAPTURE 1 (n = 25) and the ongoing CAPTURE 2 (planned n = 100). CAPTURE 1 has shown high procedural and long-term implant safety. A control group was not available for comparison. Summary A mechanical filter for permanent stroke prevention can be implanted bilaterally in the common carotid artery safely and efficiently. A randomized trial is planned for 2021 (n = 3500, INTERCEPT) to demonstrate superiority of a filter + anticoagulation strategy over anticoagulation alone in patients at high risk for ischemic stroke.

Epidemiology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadie Costello ◽  
Jennifer M. Cavallari ◽  
David H. Wegman ◽  
Marie S. O’Neill ◽  
Ellen A. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The Common ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Study Designs

This chapter describes the basic principles of epidemiology, emphasizing the aspects most relevant to studies of health effects from occupational and environmental exposures. Numerous examples are provided of how epidemiology can be used to identify and quantify the relations between recent or long-term exposure and health outcomes, such as prevalence or incidence of disease, injury, or mortality. The chapter describes the common study designs, including cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies, with examples of their application. Key aspects of exposure assessment and characterizing and quantifying exposure, are described. The three types of bias in epidemiology, information, selection, and confounding, are defined as well as the healthy worker effect, a potential source of bias unique in occupational studies. Study designs and analytic methods that can reduce or eliminate specific types of bias are also described. Finally, the chapter provides guidance on how to interpret the results of studies, with an eye toward causal inference.

Health-related fitness in very long-term survivors of childhood cancer: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. e26907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Hartman ◽  
Saskia M.F. Pluijm ◽  
Mark Wijnen ◽  
Sebastian J.C.M.M. Neggers ◽  
Eva Clemens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Health Related Fitness
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