scholarly journals Techno Economic Studies on the Effective Utilization of Non-Uniform Biowaste Generation for Biogas Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Glivin ◽  
Mariappan Vairavan ◽  
Premalatha Manickam ◽  
Joseph Sekhar Santhappan
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Alternative Energies

Environmental effects from traditional energy sources and government regulations, necessitate the use of alternative energies like biogas for many uses including drying and refrigeration. Biowaste produced in educational institutions will not be uniform over the year. The non-uniform supply of biowastes, the absence of studies on bio digestion of likelihood biomass, the unreliability of energy from such conversion and the profitability of its usage in most applications are some of the factors to be considered while implementing this technology. In this regard, theoretical and experimental evaluations were carried out to accurately forecast biogas generation capabilities in educational campuses for obtaining biofuels with quantity and efficiency. It is observed that biogas generation with 52 to 58% methane content can be possible during an academic year. The quality of biogas shows that it is appropriate for almost any application. A broader analysis on different types of biogas digesters was conducted for their suitability in academic institutions. The economic benefits are analyzed for incorporating three biogas digesters namely KVIC, Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) type and JANATA. There are some encouraging results to confirm the economic feasibility of biogas plants including positive net present value. Biogas generation with digesters of capacities varying between 25 and 450 cubic meter shows payback periods varies from 3.18 to 7.59 years, which confirms that it is profitable to use digesters in this range of capacities.

scholarly journals ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЕКОНОМІСТІВ

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ruslan V. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Communication Competencies ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Academic Year

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of forming the competences of future economists in the process of obtaining educational services in higher educational institutions. The views of domestic and foreign scholars on the essential characteristics of the «competence», which are necessary for the qualitative fulfillment of official duties by future economists, are presented. The requirements of the labor market for future specialists in economics and accounting are analyzed, in particular, regarding to the effective possession of information and communication competencies. The results of the admission campaign of 2017-2018 academic year in the specialties 076 «Entrepreneurship, trade and stock-taking», 051 «Economics» and 071 «Accounting and taxation» of the bachelor and master's levels are demonstrated. The content of educational programs for preparing the economic direction specialists, competitive in the labor market, is considered. The ways of improving the quality of educational services for the preparation of future economists in order to ensure the possibility of their further employment in the specialty are proposed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Impact and Economic Viability of Domestic Biogas Plant Technology in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Suraya Akter ◽  
Humayun Kabir ◽  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Md. Mehedi Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Biogas Technology

The study investigated the distinct environmental impacts and economic viability of domestic biogas technology in the countryside of Bangladesh. The study was carried out by a survey through personal interviews with biogas users. Seventy households were selected purposively and interviews were conducted through semi-structured questionnaires. The study mainly highlighted the potential reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and economic benefits of biogas utilization which were evaluated considering the substitution of traditional biomass fuels, by saving Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and cost of chemical fertilizer, and carbon trading. The economic benefits are addressed using some well-known economic indicators like Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PBP), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The results of the study revealed that a small-scale household anaerobic cow dung biogas digester not only exhibited the potential to cut carbon emissions on average by about 7.8 tons of CO2 equivalents yearly, but it also demonstrated the economic feasibility of doing so as the value of NPV and BCR was positive. This study recommends that the government approach, awareness program, and continuous and proper performing of the biogas technology are needed to intensify the multiples environmental benefits of the technology.

scholarly journals SIMULATION OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTERS FOR THE NON-UNIFORM LOADING OF BIOWASTE GENERATED FROM AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Glivin ◽  
Joseph Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Cooking Energy ◽  
Academic Year

The environmental impacts of conventional energy sources and the importance given to renewable energy technologies lead to the use of bio-gas in a number of applications such as power gen-eration, heating and refrigeration. The quantity and quality of biogas depend on the ingredients and their compositions in the biowaste. In this present work, analytical and experimental studies have been con-ducted to predict the generation of methane from the biowastes produced in an educational institution where the availability of biowaste is not uniform throughout an academic year. The Anaerobic Diges-tion Model 1 (ADM1) is used for analytical studies, and four portable anaerobic digesters, manufactured by fibre-reinforced plastic, are used in the experi-mental investigation. The observations show that the biogas produced from the wastes available in the educational institution could substitute 30 to 35% of the conventional cooking energy used inside the campus, and average methane contents in the biogas produced from cow dung, rice waste, mixed rice waste and vegetable waste are 58.01 %, 51.96 %, 54.85 %, and 52.28 % respectively. It is also ob-served that the yield and the quality of biogas are influenced by the uniformity in organic loading.

Evaluation of the efficiency of using individual biogas plants for processing biowaste of peasant farms

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Natalia Pryshliak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Biogas Plants

The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for the introduction of biogas technologies by households in Ukraine and the energy, economic and environmental benefits from their use. Research methods. Dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, analysis and synthesis were used - to study the current state of waste accumulation by households; empirical - for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of household provision; scientific abstraction - to summarize the results, form conclusions and determine the prospects for biogas production in peasant households in Ukraine. Research results. The analysis of the main characteristics of households in Ukraine is carried out and the prerequisites for organizing the production of biogas by households are determined. According to the assessment of household income and expenses, it was determined that the costs of housing and communal services tend to grow. In addition, the prices for natural gas for the population will also grow, thus replacing natural gas with biogas of our own production becomes especially relevant. The potential of biogas production from household waste in Ukraine has been analyzed. The positive economic and environmental factors of the construction of individual biogas plants for rural residents are characterized. A number of measures have been proposed to facilitate the construction of individual biogas plants. The positive effects of waste and wastewater utilization have been determined. Proposals have been formulated for the development of individual biogas plants in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The advantages of biogas production in individual biogas plants from biowaste in Ukraine have been substantiated. The economic benefits of biogas production by households are presented. Possible obstacles for the construction of individual biogas plants are considered. Practical significance. The applied significance of the results is considered as the basis for the formation of a strategy for the production of biofuels from agricultural crops and waste in Ukraine. Tabl.: 6. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 13.

Potential use and distribution of biogas by existing natural gas networks in Latvia

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zemitis ◽  
A. Borodinecs
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Natural Gas Transmission ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract With the need to increase the use of renewable resources to reduce environmental impacts caused by greenhouse gases, there will be a global necessity for more intense use of renewable energy. In addition, given that a large part of energy in Latvia is imported, it is necessary to develop domestic energy supplies, thus ensuring self-sufficiency and to reduce the dependence on external factors. One of the potential sources of renewable energy that could be used increasingly is biogas. Biogas production through anaerobic digestion is considered to be an optimal solution of different types of organic waste, converting these waste materials into renewable energy and organic fertilizer. However, the lack of existing effective biogas transmission and distribution network lead to the tendency to utilize the energy near the plant site often has low efficiency, therefore cannot serve as a viable long-term source of energy. In areas where large biogas plants are present and they account for a significant share of primary energy also where natural gas transmission networks are nearby, a possible solution would be upgrading biogas to the required level, and then using it in mix with the natural gas. Before this process is carried out, the assessment of possible economic benefits must be done, as biogas plants are mostly decentralized with relatively low energy capacity. In this paper biogas and natural gas chemical differences are analyzed. Furthermore, the possibility of biogas usage combined with natural gas and the economic benefits of such a process in case of Latvia is discussed.

scholarly journals Techno-economic evaluation of biogas production from food waste via anaerobic digestion

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Ahmed I. Osman ◽  
Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb ◽  
Othman Alqaisi ◽  
Mahad Baawain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Major Constituent

Abstract Food waste is a major constituent in municipal solid wastes and its accumulation or disposal of in landfills is problematic, causing environmental issues. Herein, a techno-economic study is carried out on the potential of biogas production from different types of food waste generated locally. The biogas production tests were at two-time sets; 24-h and 21-day intervals and results showed a good correlation between those two-time sets. Thus, we propose to use the 24-h time set to evaluate feedstock fermentation capacity that is intended for longer periods. Our approach could potentially be applied within industry as the 24-h test can give a good indication of the potential substrate gas production as a quick test that saves time, with minimal effort required. Furthermore, polynomial models were used to predict the production of total gas and methane during the fermentation periods, which showed good matching between the theoretical and practical values with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.99. At day 21, the accumulative gas production value from mixed food waste samples was 1550 mL per 1 g of dry matter. An economic evaluation was conducted and showed that the case study breaks-even at $0.2944 per cubic metre. Any prices above this rate yield a positive net present value (NPV); at $0.39/m3 a discounted payback period of six years and a positive NPV of $3108 were calculated. If waste management fee savings are to be incorporated, the total savings would be higher, increasing annual cash flows and enhancing financial results. This economic evaluation serves as a preliminary guide to assess the economic feasibility based on the fluctuating value of methane when producing biogas from food waste via anaerobic digestion, thus could help biogas project developers investigate similar scale scenarios .

scholarly journals Feasibility of closed loop ground source heat pump for residential heating and cooling applications in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2 Part A) ◽  
pp. 965-976
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Jokic ◽  
Nevenka Nikolic ◽  
Natasa Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Households sector in Serbia presents a great chance for energy savings and introduction of RES in the future. The public policies in Serbia are currently limited, but this kind of study can influence public measures that would undeniably generate long-term social and economic benefits to the country. The aim of the present work is to assess economic feasibility of closed loop heat pump systems for heating and cooling purposes in Serbia?s residential sector. The heat pump system was compared to the most commonly used heating fuels in households. Results indicate that the implementation of ground closed loop heat pump systems for heating and cooling purposes in Serbia?s residential sector as a substitute for electric heating is economically feasible. Inadequate prices of natural gas and electricity in public supply are the main problems associated with the project?s financial benefits. The best results were obtained in the scenario with combined debt ratio (40%) and grants (~30%) for the project realization, for which equity pay-back period is approximately three years, while benefit to cost ratio is 2.52. Investigated financial metrics (equity pay-back, internal rate of return assets and net present value) indicate the same positive results considering financial viability of the project.

scholarly journals Feasibility analysis of clean energy power generation and heating project under BOO mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 02022
Author(s):  
Zengqiang Zhang ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
Gaoshan Fu ◽  
Yelin Xu ◽  
Chaoshan Xin
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Present Value ◽  
New Business

Clean energy for power generation and heating is an important route for clean energy consumption in the northern regions with abundant wind and solar resources. However, in the promotion of clean heating projects, there are problems such as high investment costs and high pressure from government financial subsidies. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new economically feasible business models suitable for clean energy power generation and heating. This paper first proposes a new business model of clean energy power generation and heating under the BOO operation mode of the PPP business model. Secondly, from the perspective of investment value, the net present value method is used to analyze the economic benefits of the project, and the cash flow of the clean energy power generation and heating project is analyzed. Finally, combined with actual cases in a certain area in Xinjiang, the net present value method is used to analyze the calculation examples, verify the economic feasibility of the proposed business model, and provide guidance for the further promotion of clean energy power generation and heating projects.

The Quality of General Education of the Kemerovo region in the Estimates of the Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Ольга Красношлыкова ◽  
Olga Krasnoshlykova ◽  
Т. Васильева ◽  
T. Vasil'eva ◽  
Е. Курносова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Academic Year

One of the main objectives of the Russian educational policy is to achieve a new quality of education. In addition, the importance of including the public in the evaluation of the education system, presenting greater opportunities for initiative and activity of direct participants in educational relations is updated. One of the indicators of high-quality General education is the satisfaction of students and parents, which can also be seen as the eff ect of modernization processes taking place in the regional education system. Satisfaction with the quality of General education in the region is determined through the study of the opinions of respondents in the framework of the annual monitoring study, during which students in grades 10, 11 and their parents express an opinion on the quality of the implementation of certain areas of activity of educational institutions. Also, these studies provide an opportunity to get an idea of the requests of participants in educational relations. The article presents the results of the study for the period from 2013/14 to 2017/18 academic year, the directions of improving the activities of educational institutions.

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