The Literary Politics of Harmonization and Dissonance

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Stephen Poland
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Ethnic Difference ◽  
Japanese Empire ◽  
Grassroots Organizing ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Literary Politics ◽  
The People ◽  
Dominant State ◽  
The Hamlet

In 1941, the writer Nogawa Takashi (1901-1944) was both nominated for the Akutagawa Prize in Japan and arrested in Manchukuo for his involvement in the Cooperative Movement (gassakusha undō) in rural north Manchuria. This dissonance between the literary recognition of Nogawa in the imperial metropole and his tragic fate—he died in prison three years after his arrest—marks him as an emblematic figure of the complexities of Manchukuo and the Japanese empire. Drawing on Naoki Sakai’s concept of heterolingual address, this chapter examines how Nogawa’s short story “The People Who Go to the Hamlet” (“Tonzu ni iku hitobito”) narratively stages ethnic interaction in the Cooperative Movement as a process of articulation between individuals in order to explore the (im)possibility of cross-class, cross-ethnic alliance. In contrast with the dominant state metaphor of “ethnic harmony” as a state of being between different peoples, Nogawa’s fiction both portrays and performs acts of “harmonization” and dissonance through grassroots organizing in a way that acknowledges the reality of class and ethnic difference, while also scrutinizing these differences and maintaining their possible permeability.

Kabuliwallah

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Historical View ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

Modern India’s diplomatic ties with Afghanistan were officially instituted in 1950. But relations between the people of these countries are civilizational, and based on extensive cultural exchange. Starting with the impact of Rabindranath Tagore’s legendary short story, Kabuliwallah, on India’s imagination of Afghanistan and its people, this chapter offers a long historical view of India-Afghanistan relations. Its main focus, however, remains on British India’s approach towards Afghanistan and the 1947-1979 phase when India fought three wars with Pakistan and one with China. This historical overview allows for the teasing out the aforementioned drivers of India’s Afghanistan policy.

scholarly journals Rat Cities and Beehive Worlds: Density and Design in the Modern City

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-756
Author(s):  
Jon Adams ◽  
Edmund Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Nestled among E. M. Forster's careful studies of Edwardian social mores is a short story called “The Machine Stops.” Set many years in the future, it is a work of science fiction that imagines all humanity housed in giant high-density cities buried deep below a lifeless surface. With each citizen cocooned in an identical private chamber, all interaction is mediated through the workings of “the Machine,” a totalizing social system that controls every aspect of human life. Cultural variety has ceded to rigorous organization: everywhere is the same, everyone lives the same life. So hopelessly reliant is humanity upon the efficient operation of the Machine, that when the system begins to fail there is little the people can do, and so tightly ordered is the system that the failure spreads. At the story's conclusion, the collapse is total, and Forster's closing image offers a condemnation of the world they had built, and a hopeful glimpse of the world that might, in their absence, return: “The whole city was broken like a honeycomb. […] For a moment they saw the nations of the dead, and, before they joined them, scraps of the untainted sky” (2001: 123). In physically breaking apart the city, there is an extent to which Forster is literalizing the device of the broken society, but it is also the case that the infrastructure of the Machine is so inseparable from its social structure that the failure of one causes the failure of the other. The city has—in the vocabulary of present-day engineers—“failed badly.”

scholarly journals Shaymaa Neamah Mohammed ALMKHELIF

2022 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
Sevsen Aziz HILAYIF
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
The People ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Orhan Pamuk

Orhan Pamuk is considered one of the most important novelists and short story writers in Turkish Literature. The full name is Ferit Orhan Pamuk. He was born in Istanbul in 1952. He is now 69 year old and still alive. He is considered the first Turkish writer who wins Noble Prize for literature for the year 2006. He won several other prizes, one of which is Noble Prize because he has several short stories and novels. The White Castle is one of the most important novels for the author Orhan Pamuk who won the Noble Prize. It is considered a historical novel that belongs to the Ottoman Empire era in the 17th century. The novel revolves on one of the passengers who travels to Napoli through the sea. The Ottoman pirates captivate him and sell him to one of the Turkish people as slave. Both the master and the slave almost share the same features although they are from different geographic areas. The novel deals with the similarities and differences among the people of the and the people of the west in an accurate way. The concept of dream is to wish something favorable in the future. There were several types and ways of daydreams. This concept is different from one person to another. This term cannot be clearly defined because of its subjective nature. It appears in a very wide area, from the ability to maintain the thing dreamt to achieve to the world of dreams of the dreamer. Hence, the reality of daydreams is a wonderful art that is different from one person to another. We start the research by giving inclusive summary. In the Introduction, there is short summary for the life and literary personality of the Turkish author Orhan Pamuk as well as his works. The research introduces information about the novel which is the subject of the research paper. It introduces, through detailed study for the novel The White Castle, a detailed explanation about the art of dreams.

scholarly journals Kepercayaan dan Hegemoni dalam Cerpen “Makelar” Karya Sri Lima R.N. (Kajian Hegemoni Gramsci)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Fajrul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Community Trust

This study aims to express the trust and hegemony in the "Broker" short story by Sri Lima R.N. This research is motivated by the idea that language in fiction or short stories is meaningful and indicated not to be neutral.  The language in the short story, became the media for sending message content to the author as a reflection of the social community referred to. The approach used in this study is the sociology of literature, specific to the study of Gramsci hegemony. The research method used is descriptive qualitative.  Research data obtained from text, words, phrases, sentences, contained in short stories related to trust and hegemony. The research data is then described and expressed based on the approach used. The results of the study show that there was a change in the characteristics of Handoko's character as a broker who was initially good, become opportunist. Brokerage profession is used as a tool to hegemony the public to get profits. Community trust in brokers and people who are considered smart also grow. However, Handoko's figure was eventually protested by people who had used their services and failed. Handoko or brokers run away from the protests and demands of the people.

The Etiquette of Eating

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Stohr
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Moral Community ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Moral Significance ◽  
Binding Force ◽  
The People ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores and defends the idea that the etiquette conventions governing dinner parties, whether formal or informal, have moral significance. Their significance derives from the way that they foster and facilitate shared moral aims. I draw on literary and philosophical sources to make this claim, beginning with Isak Dineson’s short story, “Babette’s Feast.” I employ the concept of ritual from Confucius and Xunzi, as well as Immanuel Kant’s detailed discussion of dinner parties in the Anthropology. Kant’s account, in particular, helps illuminate how properly conducted dinners can enhance our understanding and promote moral community among the people who attend. I conclude that dinner parties play an important role in the moral life, and that the etiquette conventions governing them derive their binding force from their contribution to that role.

Burma through the Prism of Western Novels

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
The Real ◽  
The People ◽  
Average Reader

“If you want to write a real Burmese story”, U Nu once told an audience of Burmese writers, you “must know the real Burmese background”. It is advice that applies to foreign as well as indigenous writers and, in most cases, non-Burmese writers have followed it. The recommendation is important because fiction provides a popular entryway for the “average” reader to reach beyond his normal range of knowledge and imagination; it is more likely that he will have read a novel or short story rather than a history or a scholarly work and it is from this source that he will have formed his ideas and adopted his stereotypes. Thus, it is necessary that the available literature is good, that it is accurate in its descriptions of the locale and the behaviour of the people, that it catches the nuance of local speech and expression, that it reflects the psychology of the subjects when it discusses them rather than imputing alien speech, values, and attitudes.

scholarly journals STRUKTURASI IDEOLOGI CERPEN “GERIMIS YANG SEDERHANA” KARYA EKA KURNIAWAN

MIMESIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Arif Kurniar Rakhman
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
The People

 The short story "Gerimis yang Sederhana" by Eka Kurniawan is an interesting literary work to be studied, through hegemony and structuration approaches. This short story presents a psychological impact (trauma) after the violence that occurred in the Chinese community in 1998, especially for victims of 1998 who chose to stay abroad. In the context of ideology, there are four ideologies in this short story, namely: the ideology of tyranny, humanism, conservatives, and liberalism. Tyrannical and conservative ideologies became the dominant group. The ideology of liberalism becomes ideological negotiation. The ideology of liberalism also reflects the author's ideology. Regarding the application of the structuration theory, Eka Kurniawan responded to the condition of the victims of 1998, who were still traumatized. This condition has an impact on their lack of participation in public spaces. The ideology of liberalism is expected to encourage that. As a result, five years later there was a deputy governor (subsequently governor) who was directly elected by the people to lead Jakarta from the Chinese community. That is, there is an influence between the agent (author) with the structure of society

scholarly journals IRONIC ΗRYHIR TIUTIUNNYK (SOME OBSERVATIONS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-51
Author(s):  
Larysa Moroz
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
The Political ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Village

One of the most dramatic writers of the 2nd half of the 20th century Hryhir Tiutiunnyk was remembered by all his contemporaries who worked in the cultural sphere as a person endowed with a keen sense of humor, rare wit, and unique artistry (in various genres, both dramatic and comedic). This paper is a reflection on how in the works by Hryhir Tiutiunnyk, killed by the totalitarian system in 1980, the well-known dominants of “love and pain” are deepened by irony, in all the immensity of its shades and meanings. The writer did not use any words from the political lexicon but instead unmasked the totalitarian system by depicting (mostly through apt expressions and details) the behavior and destinies of people oppressed or destroyed by it. His irony is mild, lenient, or even somewhat sympathetic. In the stories reviewed in the paper, namely “Screw”, “Niura”, “The Feast in Memory of Markiian”, “The Son Has Arrived”, the mentioned nuances of the means of irony are used in rather complex, sometimes weird combinations (“The Literate”, “Laughter”), revealing the ardent indifference of the author who tried (sometimes successfully) to pretend to be an outsider – an unworried or even superior narrator. In such works as “The Feast in Memory of Markiian” and “Medal”, the death itself or its obvious approach causes the appearance of tragicomic elements. However, in the latter, the tragic irony is not related to the character, but to the props of the stage action, in which the people resembling mannequins represent the village and district authorities and pretend to award a starving man as “the best animal breeder”. Some of Hryhir Tiutiunnyk’s characters, as in the short story “Oddity” and the story “My Saturday”, rise to a sarcastic mockery of oppressors: the specificity of the Soviet-communist officials lies in the fact that they don’t even realize the absurdity of their activities, which lack any humanistic principles. The literary world of the writer, despite its seeming simplicity, is extremely complex in terms of inner subtleties of thoughts, emotions, and conflicts.

scholarly journals Minangkabau Community in the Collection of Kaki Yang Terhormat Short Story by Gus Tf Sakai

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-135
Author(s):  
Habibullah Karami ◽  
Aruna Laila ◽  
Wahyudi Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Science System ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Livelihood System

The problem in this study is the many forms of social reality of the Minangkabau people in Collection of Kaki Yang Terhormat Short Story by Gus Tf Sakai. This problem is the main reference to find out what the social reality of the Minangkabau community is in the Collection of Kaki Yang Terhormat Short Story by Gus Tf Sakai from the perspective of the author. This type of research is qualitative research. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The data in this study are in the form of words, sentences and dialogues related to Minangkabau social reality. The data source in this study is a Collection of Kaki Yang Terhormat Short Story by Gus Tf Sakai. The results of this studyillustrate the social reality of the Minangkabau people that occur from cultures or  traditions that have been born from their ancestors, which are customs or that have become identities for the people in Minangkabau or from habits that occur repeatedly and are designated as traditions for the Minangkabau people. Based on this, social reality of the Minangkabau people in Collection of Kaki Yang Terhormat Short Story by Gus Tf Sakai in terms of (1) language, there are Minang languages and Indonesian languages; (2) the science system, regarding takambang nature to become a teacher; (3) social systems / social systems, in the form of traditions that become the identity of the Minangkabaucommunity; (4) equipment / equipment, regarding equipment / characteristics for the Minangkabau community which is a necessity for life and culture of the Minangkabau community; (5) livelihood system, regarding work for the Minangkabau people (6) arts, concerning the motion art possessed by the Minangkabau people namely silek, and (7) religious systems, regarding culture to surau for adolescents in Minangkabau.

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