A Study on the Effects of Polite Yawning Technique on Rehabilitation of Olfaction After Total Laryngectomy

Background: Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common head and neck cancers for which total laryngectomy is the preferred treatment in advanced stages. Major disabilities of this surgical procedure include loss of voice and nasal function, swallowing difficulties, and psychological consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Polite Yawning technique on olfactory quality in patients undergoing total laryngectomy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, after total laryngectomy, the patients with olfactory dysfunction were enrolled and the quality of olfaction was evaluated by the Quick Odor Detection test before and after receiving the Nasal Airflow Inducing Maneuver technique training. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software by the Wilcoxon or McNemar’s test. The significance level was considered for P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 40 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 55.98 ± 6.27 years. Eighty-five percent of the patients were male (n = 34). The difficulty score in learning maneuvering was 2.5 ± 1.3, and 90% had no problem with learning it. Before maneuver, none of the patients had normal olfaction and had hyposmia mostly (n = 32, 80%). Immediately after the maneuver, there was a sensation of smell in all patients and the rate of hyposmia in patients was reduced to 65% (P = 0.008). Normal olfactory status was reported in half of the patients one month after the maneuver (21 patients, 52.5%, P = 0.0001), and there was a sense of smell in all patients (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: The results proved that olfactory quality can be rehabilitated after laryngectomy by the nasal airflow-inducing maneuver (the “Polite Yawning” technique). It is a patient-friendly method; however, a single training session is probably insufficient and most patients may need more training sessions.

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The Project Appropriate Birth and Reduction of Cesarean Section Rates: an analysis using the Robson classification system

10.22541/au.161351537.75467660/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Ferreira D’Agostini Marin ◽

Amanda Wernke ◽

Daniela Dannehl ◽

Dyulie Araujo ◽

Gustavo Koch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Classification System ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Robson Classification ◽

Before And After

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate C-section rates, before and after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth based on the Robson 10-group classification system. DESIGN: An observational, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Maternity hospital in South Brazil. POPULATION: All pregnant women attending, April 2016 through April 2017 (phase 1, pre-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth) and June 2017 through June 2018 (phase 2, post-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth). METHODS: Maternal and obstetric characteristics were evaluated, including Robson’s classification, based on the characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth. Chi-square test and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were used to analyze study variables. The significance level was set at 5%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: C-section rate for each group, their contribution to the overall c-section rate and the differences in these contributions before and after PPA implementation. RESULTS: C-section rates decreased from 62.4% to 55.6%, which represented a 10.9% reduction after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth. Pregnant women in Robson classification groups 1 through 4 had the greatest decrease in C-section rates, ranging from 49.1% to 38.6%, which represents a 21.5% reduction. The greatest contributors to the overall C-section rates were group 5 and group 2, accounting for more than 60% of the C-section deliveries. CONCLUSION: The Project Appropriate Birth had an important impact on the reduction of C-section rates, especially in Robson classification groups 1 through 4, which indicates that providing mothers with evidence-based interventions for labor and childbirth assistance will contribute to reduce C-section rates.

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Experience of Perceived Stress and Associated Factors during COVID 19 Lockdown among Hoteliers of Pokhara, Nepal

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.9734/ajrid/2021/v8i330241 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 31-41

Author(s):

Akriti Kafle ◽

Maginsh Dahal ◽

Sudip Khanal ◽

Kushalata Baral ◽

Sirjana Pandit Pahari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perceived Stress ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Economic Problem ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level

It is great time to know the psychological consequences and know how hoteliers are coping to it because of Covid19 lockdown. Thus we tried to access prevalence of perceived stress and associated factors among hoteliers of Nepal. A hotel based quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was done using a structured questionnaire cum interview schedule. The data was recorded in Microsoft Excel sheet, and was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. A descriptive analysis was done using mean, frequency, percentage and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using Mann-whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test as the data were non-normal. Significance level was observed at p-value less than 0.05. There was significant relation between stress score and variables like age, gender, marital status, smoking, alcohol, bread winner, sound sleep, family conflict, too many responsibilities, pay loans, pay rent of hotel, other source of income, paying salary, happy with government, lockdown only solution, economic problem and social problems. (p -value <0.05) Male had significantly higher stress than female. Similarly married participants showed significantly higher stress than unmarried. Stress level has been increased among the hoteliers of Nepal due to covid19 lockdown and has affected the tourism sector very badly.

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Assessement of the Nasal Shape after Orthognathic Maxillary Surgery

Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.15342/ijms.2021.552 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Farid Bourzgui ◽

Samir DIOUNY ◽

Idriss TOUGUI ◽

Ayoub EL OMARI ◽

Zineb SERHIER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Culturally Adapted ◽

Before And After ◽

Maxillary Surgery ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Cephalometric Changes

Background : Orthodontic and/or surgical modifications to the jawbone could undoubtedly have aesthetic effects on the shape or position of the nose.Aim : Cephalometric analysis was used to evaluate the aesthetic alterations (dimensional and positional) of the nose in this patients.he PIDAQ was cross-culturally adapted into Malay version by forward- and backward-translation processes, followed by psychometric validation.Methods : To compare cephalometric changes in the nose, a cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019. A sample of 20 orthognathic patients was included in this study. Their mean age was 22.40 (+/-6.98 years). The amplitude of the surgical movements of all patients were measured, using measurements on profile teleradiographs and on photos of faces taken before and after surgery. The statestical analysis of cephalometric data before and after surgery was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The significance level was p≤0.05.Results : The results revealed that a significant reduction in the angular values of SNA (°) (p<0.001), GoGn/SN (°) (p=0.038), Occ/Sn (°) (p=0.007) and AoBo (mm) (p=0.025). No statistically significant differences were noted for specific cephamometric variables before and after surgery. For the comparison of facial photographs, all the values of the specific measurements before and after were significant with the exception of Prn - SN.Conclusion : The width of the base of the nasal wing increased, the displacement and the amount of rotation of the nasal tip also increased in most patients. In contrast, a drop in the X-axis to Prn distance was noted.

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the RECOVER guidelines at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University

Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift ◽

10.21825/vdt.v90i3.20410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 125-132

Author(s):

F. Verdoodt ◽

T. Roggeman ◽

I. Polis

Keyword(s):

Veterinary Medicine ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Training Session ◽

Small Animal ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Spontaneous Circulation ◽

Concomitant Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

The implementation of the RECOVER guidelines at the Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ghent University was assessed by performing both a cross-sectional research and a study on the impact of training. During a six-month prospective cross-sectional study, 39 patients, which underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), were recorded. This corresponds with an incidence of 1.8% of all hospitalized patients that underwent CPR during the same period. Of these cases, 32 were included in the statistics. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was obtained in eleven patients (34.3%), but only one dog (3.1%) survived to discharge. In this study, an association between hemolymphatic disease as concomitant disease and not obtaining ROSC was shown. Subsequently, four cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training sessions were organized. The confidence of the participants was evaluated before and after these training sessions and showed a significant increase after the training session. With increased training of all personnel and students involved in CPR efforts, the aim of this study was to increase positive outcomes and to achieve a more standardized CPR protocol.

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Hemoglobin curves during pregnancy before and after fortification of flours with iron

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420140000300004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 409-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ◽

Elizabeth Fujimori ◽

Sophia Cornbluth Szarfarc

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Before And After ◽

Polynomial Regression Models ◽

Evaluation Of Public Policies

Objective: To assess the level of hemoglobin-Hb during pregnancy before and after fortification of flours with iron. Method: A cross-sectional study with data from 12,119 pregnant women attended at a public prenatal from five macro regions of Brazil. The sample was divided into two groups: Before-fortification (birth before June/2004) and After-fortification (last menstruation after June/2005). Hb curves were compared with national and international references. Polynomial regression models were built, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Although the higher levels of Hb in all gestational months after-fortification, the polynomial regression did not show the fortification effect (p=0.3). Curves in the two groups were above the references in the first trimester, with following decrease and stabilization at the end of pregnancy. Conclusion: Although the fortification effect was not confirmed, the study presents variation of Hb levels during pregnancy, which is important for assistencial practice and evaluation of public policies. 

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Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Attitude about Biomedical Waste Management among Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19 Crises in Al-Ahsa

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Sahbanathul Missiriya Jalal ◽

Fahima Akhter ◽

Amal Ismael Abdelhafez ◽

Ahmed Mansour Alrajeh

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Biomedical Waste ◽

Respiratory Therapists ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Before And After ◽

Knowledge Practice

Biomedical waste (BMW) management is an essential practice of healthcare professionals (HCPs) for preventing health and also environmental hazards. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, posing significant challenges for healthcare sectors. A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the knowledge, practice, and attitude on BMW management among HCPs when taking care of patients with COVID-19 and associated with demographic variables. From Al-Ahsa healthcare sectors, 256 HCPs were selected randomly, of which 105 (41%) had excellent knowledge, 87 (34%) had good knowledge, and 64 (25%) had poor knowledge with a mean score of 13.1 ± 3.6. A higher mean score was (14.4 ± 3.2) obtained by physicians, and (13.6 ± 3.8) nurses than the other HCPs. Regarding practice, 72 (28.1%) HCPs used and discarded PPE while handling biomedical wastes. Additionally, 88 (34.4%) followed proper hand hygiene before and after each procedure and whenever needed. Physicians, nurses, and respiratory therapists had a more favorable attitude than other HCPs. There was a statistically significant association found among knowledge level and educational qualification (p < 0.0001), gender (p < 0.001), and work experience (p < 0.05). Emphasis is needed to train all HCPs regarding proper BMW management during this pandemic to prevent infection transmission.

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Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Young Workers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2153

Author(s):

José Andrade Louzado ◽

Matheus Lopes Cortes ◽

Márcio Galvão Oliveira ◽

Vanessa Moraes Bezerra ◽

Sóstenes Mistro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Young Workers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Significance Level ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Assess Quality

Background: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the quality of life of young workers of a Social Work of Industry Unit. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 1270 workers. Data were collected using a digital questionnaire built on the KoBoToolbox platform that included the EUROHIS-QOL eight-item index to assess quality of life. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical variables were considered explanatory. The associations were analyzed using the ordinal logistic regression model at a 5% significance level. Results: Men and women had a mean quality of life of 31.1 and 29.4, respectively. Workers that rated their health as “very good” had an odds ratio of 7.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.17–10.81), and those who rated it as “good” had an odds ratio of 2.9 (95% CI = 2.31–3.77). Both these groups of workers were more likely to have higher levels of quality of life as compared to workers with “regular”, “poor”, or “very poor” self-rated health. Physically active individuals were 30% more likely to have higher levels of quality of life (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.08–1.65). After adjusting the model by gender, age group, marital status, socioeconomic class, self-rated health, nutritional status, and risky alcohol consumption, the odds ratio of active individuals remained stable (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.05–1.66). Conclusions: In the present study, self-rated health, physical activity, and gender were associated with young workers’ quality of life.

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732. Evaulation of Micafungin Treatment at Pediatric Patients: A cross-sectional Study from Tertiary Pediatric Centre

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.924 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S416-S417

Author(s):

Kamile Arıkan ◽

Nuri Bayram ◽

İlker devrim ◽

Ayküke Akaslan-Kara

Keyword(s):

Amphotericin B ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Resistance Rate ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Median Serum ◽

Before And After ◽

Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background Micafungin is one of three currently available echinocandin for treatment of candidiasis and candidemia. Methods Children who were treated for micafungin for possible or proven invasive Candidia infection between May 2017 and October 2019 were included. Results In this cross-sectional study, totally 78 children with a median age of 3 months (8 days -17 years), 50 (64.1%, F/M: 0.56) male were included. Thirty four (43.6%) patients were neonate, 26 (76 %) of them were premature. Thirty seven patients (47.4%) received micafungin for candidemia and 41 (52.6%) patients received micafungin empirically for IC. Twelve (32.4%) Candida spp cultured were C. albicans, the rest twenty five (67.6%) Candida spp were non-albicans Candida spp. The most commonly cultured Candida spp was Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis) (n=13) followed by C. albicans (n=12), C. glabrata (n=3), C. tropicalis (n=3), C. guilliermondii (n=3), C. krusei (n=2) respectively. Resistance rate of C. parapsilosis (n=13) isolates to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, micafungin were as follows respectively; 66.7%, 100%, 69.2%, 90.9%, 37.5% respectively. Resistance rate of C. albicans (n=11) isolates to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, micafungin were as follows respectively; 50%, 50%, 12.5%, 42.9%, 0% respectively. None of the C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii and C. krusei isolates were resistant to micafungin. Culture negativity could not be achieved at the end of 14th day of micafungin treatment in the 15 (16.9%) candidemia episodes. The most commonly isolated Candida spp in patients with treatment failure was C. parapsilosis (n=7), the other species were; C. albicans (n=5), C. guilliermondii (n=1), C. tropicalis (n=1) and C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii coinfection (n=1) respectively. Median serum AST, ALT and creatinin levels didn’t increase during and at the end of micafungin therapy. None of these patients had experienced an anormal kidney or liver function tests due to micafungin usage. Characteristics of patients who received micafungin.and cultured Candida spp Antifungal resistance patterns of Candida spp. Laboratory change before and after micafungin treatment Conclusion Increase in fluconazole resistant Candida spp makes micafungin a reasonable and effective choice for suspected or proven invasive candidiasis Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Six ultraviolet minutes for cleaner operating theatres

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.580 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Bosco ◽

S Gambelli ◽

V Urbano ◽

G Cevenini ◽

G Messina

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After ◽

Operating Theatres ◽

Cleaning Procedures ◽

The Difference ◽

Contamination Levels ◽

Different Levels ◽

Better Than ◽

Final Cleaning

Abstract Background Sanitizing the operating theatres (OT) is important to minimize risk of post-operative infections. Disinfection procedures between one operation and another is less aggressive than final cleaning procedures, at the end of the day. Aim was assessing the difference of contamination: i) between different levels of disinfection; ii) before and after the use of a UVC Device (UVC-D). Methods Between December 2019/February 2020 a cross sectional study was conducted in OT in a real clinical context. 94 Petri dishes (PD) were used in 3 OT. Three different sanitation levels (SL1-3) were compared pre- and post-use of UVC-D: i) No cleaning after surgery (SL1); ii) after in-between cleaning (SL2); iii) after terminal cleaning (SL3). UVC-D was employed for 6 minutes, 3 minutes per bed side. PD were incubated at 36 °C and colony forming unit (CFU) counted at 48h. Descriptive statistic, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to assess the contamination levels in total, pre/post use of UVC-D, and between different sanitation levels, respectively. Results In total we had a mean of 3.39 CFU/PD (C.I. 2.05 - 4.74) and a median of 1 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 39), after UVC-D use we had a mean of 2.20 CFU/PD (C.I. 0.69 - 5.09) and a median of 0 CFU/PD (Min. 0 - Max. 133). The UVC-D led to a significant reduction of CFU (p < 0.001). Without UVC-D we had a significant CFU drop (p < 0.05) between SL1 and SL3. Using UVC-D, we observed significant reductions of contamination (p < 0.05) between SL3 and SL1. Comparing SL1 (median 0) post UVC-D use vs SL2 pre UVC-D use (median 0.5), and SL2 post UVC-D use (median 0) vs SL3 pre UVC-D use (median 1) we had a significant reduction of contamination (p < 0.05). Conclusions UVC-D improved environmental contamination in any of the three sanitation levels. Furthermore, the use of UVC-D alone was better than in-between and terminal cleaning. Although these encouraging results, the cleaning procedures executed by dedicated staff has to be considered. Key messages UVC are efficient to decrease contamination in operating theatres regardless of sanitation levels. The additional use of UVC technology to standard cleaning procedures significantly improves sanitation levels.

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Iranian midwives’ attitudes and beliefs toward physiological childbirth: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-019-2509-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Narges Sadeghzadeh ◽

Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽

Shima Haghani ◽

Syedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady

Keyword(s):

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Labor And Delivery ◽

Care Providers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Physiological Childbirth

Abstract Background The significant role of midwives in providing labor and delivery care underscores the necessity of the identification of attitudes and beliefs of these groups of maternity care providers toward physiological childbirth. The purpose of the current study was to describe midwives’ attitudes and beliefs toward physiological childbirth and identify its related factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 midwives working in the labor and delivery wards of selected hospitals in an urban area of Tehran, Iran, through the continuous sampling method from May to July 2018. The data were collected using a two-part demographic characteristic form and Midwives’ Attitudes and Beliefs Questionnaire-Revised toward physiological childbirth. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 25). The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The mean score of midwives’ attitudes and beliefs toward physiological childbirth were 119.90 with a standard deviation of 9.30. Moreover, of the different domains of Midwives’ Attitudes and Beliefs Questionnaire-Revised, the women’s experience of birth (78.53) and the medical model conflict (51.05) obtained the highest and lowest scores, respectively. According to the multiple linear regression model analysis, the total mean score of midwives’ attitudes and beliefs toward physiological childbirth was significantly correlated with the level of education and interest in the profession (P < 0.05). Midwives with a master degree obtained higher scores (4.32) in terms of attitudes and beliefs toward physiologic childbirth, compared to those with an associate or bachelor degree. Also, there were 0.09 increases in the attitude and belief score of midwives per one score increase in their interest in the profession. It can be concluded that these two variables explained 16% of the variation in the scores of midwives’ attitudes and beliefs to physiological childbirth. Conclusion The results of this study showed that midwives with higher levels of education and more interest in their profession had more positive attitudes and beliefs toward physiological childbirth. Therefore, it is necessary to motivate midwives to obtain higher levels of education and increase their interest in the profession to promote physiological childbirth.

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