scholarly journals Literature and Medicine: Clinical Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Contemporary Iranian Fictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Mahmoudi ◽  
Mehdi Pourasghar ◽  
Kamaledin Alaedini
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Literature And Medicine ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Persian Literature ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Some studies indicated that the study of stories in which physical or mental illnesses are described helps to better understand the patient and his/her sickness; but unfortunately, this approach is neglected in the Persian literature. Paying attention to this issue can increase the attractiveness of studying such literary works for the Iranian and non-Iranian audience and can grant new sights to readers, as well. Objectives: This research is conducted to describe and explain the symptoms of the PTSD in the characters of modern Persian fiction, based on the clinical symptoms. Methods: This is qualitative research. Seven characters from the seven stories were selected purposefully to fit the researcher’s goals. Then, they were analyzed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Results: The results indicated that the selected stories represent individuals with PTSD consistent with the clinical criteria for the diagnostic of the disorder. In these stories, the authors, in addition to describing clinical symptoms, have considered inheritance, gender, and cultural factors to create characters in accordance with the specifications of the people who have been damaged in the real world. Conclusions: Reading these stories can be useful due to applying descriptions based on clinical criteria for the diagnosis of this disorder (PTSD), and thanks to the use of literary language in representing the victim’s inner and spiritual status, are useful in creating an engagement resulting from a proper understanding of the person who is suffering from such disorder.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Growth through Quran and Sunna: Islamic Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Anjum Masoodi ◽  
Prof. Shahina Maqbool
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
The People ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic

There has been a worrying trend in Kashmir i.e. the growth of posttraumatic stress disorder, a mental condition which is affecting people for more than two decades. The continuous political uncertainty, insecurity from armed forces; natural calamities are the contributory factors.  And it is found that Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is on the rise in Kashmir Valley after the worst ever floods hit the state few months back. Psychiatrists in Srinagar opine that there has been a remarkable increase in the number of patients who were suffering from “early symptoms” of PTSD.  Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a condition that develops after an individual expose through a terrifying ordeal that involves physical harm or the threat of a physical harm. The condition develops amongst the people who may have gone through some physical harm or might have witnessed their loved ones or the people around them being harmed. The trauma affects people in three ways: negative, neutral and positive. Under the positive category, the affected person somehow gets encouraged and takes up challenges. Their condition does not make any difference to them. Highly stressful events or major life traumas (such as serious illness, road traffic accident, death of a relative or loved one, unemployment, divorce, etc.) can lead to a variety of  behavioral, psychological and emotional negative outcomes to the disruptive and aversive conditions (Taku, Cann, Tedeschi, & Calhoun, 2009). The positive side of the trauma is that it also leads to growth. This phenomenon has been recognized as a distinct construct – posttraumatic growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), implying ‘‘positive psychological change experienced as a result of the struggle with highly challenging life circumstances’’ (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004, p. 1). Positive change has been noted in the literature by various authors and referred to in diverse terms – among others, benefit-finding (Affleck & Tennen, 1996), stress-related growth (Park, Cohen, & Murch, 1996), adversarial growth (Linley & Joseph, 2004), flourishing (Ryff & Singer, 1998), and thriving (O’Leary & Ickovics, 1995).  The main objective of the paper is to discuss the role of Islam with special reference to Qur’an and Sunna in posttraumatic Growth among violence victims in Kashmir valley India. Islamic practices such as prayer and listening Qur’an plays important role in coping with traumatic disorders. Islamic values and beliefs can be beneficial in overcoming traumatic life events and seeking posttraumatic Growth. The Holy Qur’an teaches us “The truly righteous — are those who endure with fortitude misfortune, hardship and peril. That is, who are patient in poverty and affliction, and in time of war” (2:178).

scholarly journals Correlations Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical Symptoms in Adolescents With Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Jin Shin ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Doug Hyun Han
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction: Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) is characterized by the typical symptoms of PTSD, in addition to affective dysregulation, negative self-concept, and disturbances in interpersonal relationships. Children and adolescents with C-PTSD have been reported to have deficits in emotional and cognitive functions. We hypothesized that the following are associated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms: (1) adolescents with C-PTSD who show deficits in emotional perception and cognitive functions, including executive function and attention; and (2) deficits in neurocognitive functions.Methods: Information on 69 adolescents with PTSD, aged 10–19 years, was gathered from seven shelters. All participants were assessed using complete clinical scales, including the C-PTSD Interview and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales, and neurocognitive function tests, including the emotional perception, mental rotation, and modified Tower of London tests.Results: Adolescents with C-PTSD were more likely to have a history of sexual assault, dissociation, and self-harm than those with PTSD. The total and subscale scores of the C-PTSD Interview Scale in adolescents with C-PTSD were higher than that in adolescents with PTSD. In addition, neurocognitive functions, including emotional perception, attention, and working memory, were correlated with the severity of C-PTSD symptoms.Discussion: Adolescents with C-PTSD experienced more serious clinical symptoms and showed more deficits in neurocognitive functions than adolescents with PTSD. Clinicians should pay careful attention toward the emotional and neurocognitive functions when assessing and treating patients with C-PTSD.

Oxidative status and the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leda Borovac Štefanović ◽  
Dubravka Kalinić ◽  
Ninoslav Mimica ◽  
Blanka Beer Ljubić ◽  
Jasna Aladrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Making a medicine out of MDMA

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Sessa ◽  
David Nutt
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Traumatic

SummaryFrom its first use 3,4,-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been recognised as a drug with therapeutic potential. Research on its clinical utility stopped when it entered the recreational drug scene but has slowly resurrected in the past decade. Currently there is enough evidence for MDMA to be removed from its Schedule 1 status of ‘no medical use’ and moved into Schedule 2 (alongside other misused but useful medicines such as heroin and amphetamine). Such a regulatory move would liberate its use as a medicine for patients experiencing severe mental illnesses such as treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder.

scholarly journals The impact of state-based language on the perceptions of mental illness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Horne ◽  
Samantha Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Semantic Cues ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Syntactic Differences ◽  
The Impact

The American Psychiatric Association recommends that practitioners use state-based language when discussing mental illness. The aim of this initiative is to avoid treating the symptoms of an illness as a defining characteristic of the people who experience these symptoms. Consistent with these recommendations, prior research has revealed that trait rather than state-based language can increase essentialist thinking and, in turn, may increase the stigmatization of mental illness. Surprisingly, however, prior work has not directly examined how these syntactic differences affect people’s inferences when the mental illness under consideration are widely-discussed or directly experienced (e.g., depression, post-traumatic stress). In three experiments, we examined the effects of state-based language on people’s inferences about familiar mental illnesses. In Experiment 1, we observed no effect of state-based language on inferences about the stability of symptoms of familiar mental illnesses. We then identified the likely source of this null effect: In two experiments, we found that people falsely remembered a protagonist as having a mental illness even when they were only describe as experiencing symptoms of this illness – people automatically label someone as having a mental illness on the basis of both proximal (Experiment 2) and more remote semantic cues (Experiment 3).

scholarly journals Rise of human devastation syndrome in Syria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Roshaan Ahmed ◽  
Syed Uzair Mahmood ◽  
Haema Waheed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Traumatic

The Syria Civil War, which started in 2011, has killed 400,000 people. It has forced more than 11 million people to suffer and has caused not only the people to migrate but also to be displaced within their own country. The war has brought only misery in the lives of Syrians as the damage has only focused on residents of the region in combat. The children have faced the worst, losing their parents, siblings or even friends to violence, suffering physical and psychological trauma. Out of the 11 million and more people who have suffered, 4.9 million Syrians are refugees and 6.1 million have displaced within Syria, out of which half of those affected are children.The end result of the continued Syria Civil War is that those who have managed to survive have been severely damaged both physically and psychologically, disturbing their interpersonal, psychosocial, physical and mental health. The incidence of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases in such a situation, which tends to affect the lives of the Syrian people permanently.

scholarly journals Horticultural therapy, nutrition and post-traumatic stress disorder in post-military veterans: developing non-pharmaceutical interventions to complement existing therapeutic approaches

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Richard Mottershead ◽  
Marjorie Ghisoni
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Horticultural Therapy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

Non-pharmaceutical interventions for veterans living with post-traumatic stress disorder are becoming a more popular way to address some of the social and personal needs identified by this group. Horticultural therapy or growing and eating food together provides several ways to increase mood, improve nutritional status, reduce loneliness and reduce the physical health impacts of mental illnesses such as post-traumatic stress disorder. In this paper we will discuss some of the issues people living with post-traumatic stress disorder might face. We will also provide an overview of the therapeutic effects of these approaches and how they will be applied in a locally identified group.

scholarly journals Extremism and common mental illness: cross-sectional community survey of White British and Pakistani men and women living in England

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaldeep Bhui ◽  
Michaela Otis ◽  
Maria Joao Silva ◽  
Kristoffer Halvorsrud ◽  
Mark Freestone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Criminal Convictions ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundMental illnesses may explain vulnerability to develop extremist beliefs that can lead to violent protest and terrorism. Yet there is little evidence.AimsTo investigate the relationship between mental illnesses and extremist beliefs.MethodPopulation survey of 618 White British and Pakistani people in England. Extremism was assessed by an established measure of sympathies for violent protest and terrorism (SVPT). Respondents with any positive scores (showing sympathies) were compared with those with all negative scores. We calculated associations between extremist sympathies and ICD-10 diagnoses of depression and dysthymia, and symptoms of anxiety, personality difficulties, autism and post-traumatic stress. Also considered were demographics, life events, social assets, political engagement and criminal convictions.ResultsSVPT were more common in those with major depression with dysthymia (risk ratio 4.07, 95% CI 1.37–12.05, P = 0.01), symptoms of anxiety (risk ratio 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.15, P = 0.002) or post-traumatic stress (risk ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, P = 0.003). At greater risk of SVPT were: young adults (<21 versus ≥21: risk ratio 3.05, 95% CI 1.31–7.06, P = 0.01), White British people (versus Pakistani people: risk ratio 2.24, 95% CI 1.25–4.02, P = 0.007) and those with criminal convictions (risk ratio 2.23, 95% CI 1.01–4.95, P = 0.048). No associations were found with life events, social assets and political engagement.ConclusionDepression, dysthymia and symptoms of anxiety and post-traumatic stress are associated with extremist sympathies.

scholarly journals Characteristics and dynamics of PTSD in the participants of the Ukrainian anti-terrorist operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e0302121
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Pustovoyt
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
War Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Historical Heritage

The following paper underlines the specific characteristics and the course of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Ukrainian warriors of ATO. It is based on interviews recorded with 163 combatants using the methods of clinical psychology and psychodynamic methods. All the records of the interviews were reflected upon in supervision groups. The data obtained support the hypothesis that the cultural and historical heritage of the people of Ukraine has a determinative pathoplastic effect on the experience of war trauma. The analysis of this data leads to the conclusion about the need to create a favorable system of rehabilitation for veterans that would allow working more successfully with the war trauma.

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