scholarly journals Evaluation of Interleukin-2 to Detect Active and Latent Tuberculosis among Household Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Jafrasteh ◽  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
Seyedeh Mahsan Hoseinialfatemi ◽  
Leila Azimi ◽  
Payam Tabarsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Background: The interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are the most important diagnostic approach to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection diagnosis. However, they cannot discriminate between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB). Some recent studies suggested that interleukin-2 (IL-2) response to M. tuberculosis could be utilized as a potential biomarker to discriminate active disease from LTBI. Objectives: The current study aimed at evaluating the potential role of IL-2 to detect both active TB and LTBI among household contacts of patients with pulmonary TB in two TB-endemic regions of Iran. Methods: A total of 650 household contacts of patients with TB were invited to participate in the current study. All subjects were diagnosed on extensive clinical evaluation of active TB and LTBI based on clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. The IGRA test was performed using QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus. The serum level of IL-2 was measured using the ELISA Development Kit. Results: A total of 237 household contacts entered the final analysis, including 132 patients with LTBI and three with active TB. In addition, 14 subjects were included as TB controls and 102 as TB-uninfected controls. The serum level of IL-2 was significantly higher in active TB and LTBI patients than TB-uninfected controls. The ROC curve was plotted between active TB and LTBI, revealing that the cutoff point of 25.5 pg/mL identifies the active form with 88.24% sensitivity and 36.36% specificity. Conclusions: The current study indicated that the IL-2 assay could not discriminate between active TB and LTBI with acceptable sensitivity.

scholarly journals Comparison of Quantiferon-TB Gold and TST tests in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection among HIV infected patients in Hamadan, west of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Fariba Keramat ◽  
Benyamin Bagheri Delavar ◽  
Alireza Zamani ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Elham Lajevardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases the susceptibility of patients for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and reactivtion tuberculosis. This study aimed to compare the Quantiferon-TB gold-in tube test (QFT) with tuberculin skin test (TST) in the diagnosis of LTBI in HIV infected patients. Methodology: This comparative study of 89 patients with HIV in the Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center in Hamadan was carried out from July 2015 to November 2016. After obtaining consent from the patients, all demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory results (CD4 count, TST and QFT) were entered into the questionnaires. The CD4 count is usually routinely performed using flow cytometry at the Behavioral Counselling Center. Quantiferon-TB test was done by using Qiagen – Quantiferon-2 plate kit ELISA. Results: Totally, 89 HIV infected patients with the mean age of 39.55 ± 10.31 years old were enrolled in the study. Sixty patients (67.42%) were male. The mean duration of HIV infection was 4.44 ± 3.88 years and the mean of CD4 count was 388.65 ± 260.66 cells/µL . Twenty patients had LTBI based on TST. Considering the QFT intermediate results as a positive test, the percent agreement of QFT and TST was 59.55%, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.2387). Conclusions: According to the results, there was no significant percent agreement between QFT and TST for detecting LTBI in HIV infected patients. However, by decreasing CD4 counts, there was a significant relation between TST positive and LTBI in HIV patients.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency and Latent Tuberculosis Infection Risk Among Tuberculosis Household Contacts

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Elvira Balcells ◽  
Patricia García ◽  
Camila Tiznado ◽  
Luis Villarroel ◽  
Natalia Scioscia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Household Contacts

scholarly journals Heparin-Binding Hemagglutinin Induces IFN-γ+IL-2+IL-17+Multifunctional CD4+T Cells during Latent but Not Active Tuberculosis Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
André G. Loxton ◽  
Gillian F. Black ◽  
Kim Stanley ◽  
Gerhard Walzl
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Heparin Binding ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tuberculosis Disease

ABSTRACTThe mycobacterial heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) protein induces a potent gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and is a candidate vaccine and diagnostic antigen. We have assessed HBHA-specific intracellular IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-17 production by CD4+T cells in TB cases and household contacts (HHCs) as well as the level of secreted IFN-γ in whole-blood culture supernatant. HHCs were further classified as tuberculin skin test (TST) positive or negative, and the group was also divided as HIV positive or negative. Our study revealed that HBHA induces multifunctional IFN-γ-, IL-2-, and IL-17-coexpressing CD4+T cells in HHCs but not in active TB cases; however, IFN-γ levels in culture supernatant did not differ between participant groups. Further studies are needed to completely understand how HBHA induces immune responses in different disease groups.

Utility of an Interferon-γ Release Assay for Latent Tuberculosis Diagnosis in a Case of Bullous Pemphigoid

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Goodfellow ◽  
Douglas N. Keeling ◽  
Robert C. Hayes ◽  
Duncan Webster
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Cutaneous Disease ◽  
Release Assay

Background: With increasing use of immunosuppressive therapy, including tumor necrosis factor a inhibitors, there is concern about infectious complications, including reactivation of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Routine testing prior to administration of systemic immunosuppression includes the tuberculin skin test, which lacks sensitivity and specificity and may be difficult to interpret in the presence of extensive cutaneous disease. Treatment of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection is recommended when immunosuppressive medications are to be employed. Observations: We report a case in which a diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in a patient with extensive bullous pemphigoid was clarified by the use of an interferon-γ release assay after equivocal tuberculin skin test results. Conclusion: Interferon-γ release assays are useful adjuncts to the tuberculin skin test in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in the setting of extensive cutaneous disease.

PpiA antigen specific immune response is a potential biomarker for latent tuberculosis infection

Tuberculosis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 736-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Pathakumari ◽  
Deenadayalan Anbarasu ◽  
R.T. Parthasarathy ◽  
Alamelu Raja
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Specific Immune Response ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Kikuchi–Fujimoto's Disease in a Pediatric Patient with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayad Alali ◽  
Jefree J. Schulte ◽  
Barbara A. Hendrickson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Young Male ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Laboratory Findings

AbstractKikuchi–Fujimoto's disease (KFD), alternatively termed histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, was first described in 1972. KFD is rare in children, with most of the cases occurring between the ages of 20 and 30 years with a female-to-male ratio of 4:1. The etiology is unknown, although infectious and autoimmune mechanisms have been proposed. KFD manifests with a spectrum of nonspecific clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. KFD is without a definitive diagnostic test and is a diagnosis of exclusion, which must be differentiated from other disease processes with associated lymphadenopathy. Significant overlap in both clinical presentation and histological features with other diseases, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and active tuberculosis (TB), presents challenges in diagnosis. A small number of case reports have been published describing the coexistence of KFD and active TB. Most reported cases occur in TB endemic areas. In the largest analysis of KFD, TB infection was concurrent in 2% of cases. Most of the cases occurred in adult patients. To our knowledge, there have been no pediatric cases of KFD with concurrent TB infection reported in the United States. This study describes a case of KFD with concurrent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a young male from the United States.

Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection among HIV-infected clients in Far North Queensland: use of an interferon-gamma release assay

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Katrina Lyne ◽  
Sandra Downing ◽  
Darren Russell
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Far North ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Tuberculosis Risk

Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is a significant risk for those infected with HIV. We examined the use of an interferon-gamma release assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis among HIV-infected clients attending two sexual health services in Far North Queensland. Of 240 clients tested, 19 returned a positive result (7.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.5–11.3%) and three were indeterminate (1.3%, 95% CI: –0.2%–2.7%). Low CD4 count was found to be significantly associated with an indeterminate test result (P = 0.004). However, we found no significant association between test results and client demographics, self-reported prior tuberculosis infection, Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine status or selected tuberculosis risk factors (P-values = 0.2–0.9).

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