scholarly journals A Constructive Blended Approach to Ethical Reasoning: The Impact on Medical Students’ Reflection and Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leili Mosalanejad ◽  
Amir-Mohammad Ebrahimi ◽  
Mansour Tafvizi ◽  
Nahid Zarifsanaiey

Background: Teaching medical ethics is currently one of the most essential parts of medical education. Objectives: The present study aimed to design a blended learning program based on a constructive approach to ethical reasoning and determine its effect on the students’ reflection and learning. Methods: This quasi-experimental, single-group, pretest-posttest study was conducted on 35 students who took the medical ethics course in a university of medical sciences. Case studies were presented to the students in a discussion forum, and the main concepts in question were then addressed through interactive lectures and group discussions. Data were collected using the Self-Reflection and Insight scale (SRIS) developed by Grant et al. to assess reflection, with 20 items in three domains. The students’ ethical reasoning was assessed using multiple-choice and open-ended questions and the Objective Structured Clinical examination (OSCE). The relationships between the tests were assessed by calculating the correlation between them. The results of the multiple-choice questions were compared with those of students in the previous year (with the same teacher and content), using the independent t-test. Results: Assessing the mean scores before and after the intervention showed a significant increase in the students’ reflection in all three domains, including the need for self-reflection, encouraging reflection, and insight after the intervention. The findings also showed a significant relationship between the students’ final scores and their virtual round and OSCE scores (P < 0.05). In the final theoretical test, the students’ mean scores were significantly higher than those of students in the previous year (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The proper use of technology with a blended learning approach can help improve the students’ quality of learning and reasoning.

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie K. Moote ◽  
Joanne M. Williams ◽  
John Sproule

The CREativity in Science and Technology (CREST) scheme, a student-run science project supported by the science, engineering, and technology network, is currently being implemented in schools across the United Kingdom to increase student engagement and motivation in science. The central aim of this research was to explore the influence of CREST participation on students’ self-regulated processes and related motivations. This study followed a quasi-experimental design with a control group (n = 34) and a “CREST” group (n = 39) of students between the ages of 11 and 12 years from a Scottish school. Because multiple measures were used, this study also provides a contribution to the literature regarding measurement issues relating to self-regulated learning (SRL) and motivation. Covariance analyses controlling for academic performance in science revealed significant effects for the intervention regarding changes in SRL, test anxiety, and career motivation in science. Delayed posttest results for the experimental group are also presented and discussed.


2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nunnink ◽  
A.-M. Welsh ◽  
M. Abbey ◽  
C. Buschel

Emergency chest reopen of the post cardiac surgical patient in the intensive care unit is a high-stakes but infrequent procedure which requires a high-level team response and a unique skill set. We evaluated the impact on knowledge and confidence of team-based chest reopen training using a patient simulator compared with standard video-based training. We evaluated 49 medical and nursing participants before and after training using a multiple choice questions test and a questionnaire of self-reported confidence in performing or assisting with emergency reopen. Both video- and simulation-based training significantly improved results in objective and subjective domains. Although the post-test scores did not differ between the groups for either the objective (P=0.28) or the subjective measures (P=0.92), the simulation-based training produced a numerically larger improvement in both domains. In a multiple choice question out of 10, participants improved by a mean of 1.9 marks with manikin-based training compared to 0.9 with video training (P=0.03). On a questionnaire out of 20 assessing subjective levels of confidence, scores improved by 3.9 with manikin training compared to 1.2 with video training (P=0.002). Simulation-based training appeared to be at least as effective as video-based training in improving both knowledge and confidence in post cardiac surgical emergency resternotomy.


2021 ◽  
pp. 73-77

In this account we report a study that surveyed and quantified the opinion on the acceptability of genetically modified (GM) crops by farmers working in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County located in North Easter Hungary. Authors answered the question whether there is a difference in perception and reasoning of the county’s agricultural workers regarding GM crops. We evaluated the impact of age, gender, education, and agricultural education of responders on rating GM plants to be more dangerous than traditional crops. Is there a relevant difference when responders are administered multiple choice questions, rather than single choice questions? Can we change farmers’ position on the GM technology by using multiple choice questions?


Author(s):  
Kathryn Strom ◽  
Bradley Porfilio ◽  
Bobbie Plough

This paper describes the first cycle of an action research study investigating the impact of new blended learning courses in a professional doctorate program, the results of which will inform future course planning and pedagogy.  Specifically, core researcher-faculty members associated with the program were interested in understanding how a blended learning program impacted students’ learning experiences. In our findings from this initial inquiry, we detail both constraining and enabling elements of the hybrid experiences provided to students. We also describe the revised action plan created from these findings to improve our ability to utilize the online portion of our doctoral coursework to meet our larger goals of preparing educational leaders to fight for issues of social justice in K-12 settings and beyond.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erni Kurniati ◽  
Soeprijanto ◽  
Irzan Zakir

Abstract This research has the purpose to knowing the value of the lighting level in the room at primary school, is in conformity with applicable regulations or not and to knowing teacher’s knowledge and understanding level about the school lighting system. This research conducted in May until July 2016 at primary school in Kelurahan Rawamangun, East Jakarta. This research is quantitative descriptive with survey method. The sampling technique used in this research is random purposive sampling, where purposive that schools are not taken in a period of improvement and the respondent teachers are permanent teachers. Samples taken random with a degree of error of ± 10 %, so sample taken is 10 schools and 80 teachers. The results of this research is a translation percentage descriptive of the data suitability lighting levels at one to six classrooms, a teachers' room, library and science laboratories when sunny weather use the lights and do not use lights. And data of teacher’s understanding of school lighting system, which divided into five dimensions is healthy condition in classrooms, the lighting in the classrooms, electrical energy-saving concept of the school, the impact of lighting on health and health dan safety in the classroom as stated in 15 item multiple-choice questions. The results of this research stated that 10 schools have measured lighting levels can be concluded that the 0 % suitability rate of illumination for the one classroom, second classroom, third classroom, fourth classroom and science laboratories, 10 % suitability for the five classroom, six classroom dan teacher’s room when using the lights and do not use the lights. And suitability for the library is 11.1 % when not using lights and 12.5 % when using light. And from the research data of objective tests 15 item multiple-choice question for teacher's understanding can be concluded that the percentage of comprehension for the dimensions of healthy condition in classroom is 83.33 %, the dimensions of the lighting in the classroom is 40.416 % , the dimensions of the electrical energy-saving concept of the school is 92.5 % , dimensions of the impact of lighting on health is 68.75 % , and the dimensions of health and safety in the classroom is 49.58 % . There are several dimensions that are not understood by the teacher’s, because it need an advanced program for theacher’s follow-up to can better understand the kind of school lighting system. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai tingkat pencahayaan pada ruang-ruang sekolah dasar apakah sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku dan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman guru mengenai sistem pencahayaan sekolah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Juli 2016 di sekolah dasar di lingkungan kelurahan Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuntitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik acak dengan pertimbangan tertentu (random purposive sampling), dimana pertimbangannya yaitu sekolah yang diambil tidak dalam masa perbaikan dan responden guru-guru merupakan guru tetap. Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil secara acak (random) dengan taraf kesalahan penelitian ±10 %, sehingga jumlah sampel yang diambil yaitu sebanyak 10 sekolah dan 80 orang guru-guru Hasil penelitian ini berupa penjabaran secara persentase deskriptif mengenai data kesesuaian tingkat pencahayaan pada ruang kelas satu sampai enam, ruang guru, perpustakaan dan laboratorium IPA saat cuaca cerah menggunakan lampu dan tidak menggunakan lampu. Serta data pemahaman responden guru-guru tentang sistem pencahayaan sekolah yang terjabarkan dalam lima dimensi yaitu kondisi ruang belajar yang sehat, pencahayaan pada ruang belajar, konsep hemat energi listrik sekolah, dampak pencahayaan terhadap kesehatan dan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja pada ruang belajar yang tertuang dalam 15 item pertanyaan pilihan ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa dari 10 sekolah yang diukur tingkat pencahayaan didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa 0% kesesuaian tingkat pencahayaan untuk ruang kelas satu, kelas dua, kelas tiga, kelas empat dan ruang laboratorium IPA, 10 % kesesuaian untuk ruang kelas lima, ruang kelas enam dan ruang guru baik saat menggunakan lampu dan tidak menggunakan lampu. Untuk ruang perpustakaan yaitu 11.1 % kesesuaiannya saat tidak menggunakan lampu dan 12.5 % kesesuaiannya saat menggunakan lampu. Dari data hasil penelitian tes objektif berbentuk pilihan ganda 15 item pertanyaan untuk pemahaman guru dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa persentase pemahaman untuk dimensi kondisi ruang belajar yang sehat yaitu 83.33%, dimensi pencahayaan pada ruang belajar yaitu 40.416%, dimensi konsep hemat energi listrik sekolah yaitu 92.5%, dimensi dampak pencahayaan terhadap kesehatan yaitu 68.75%, dan dimensi kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja pada ruang belajar yaitu 49.58%. Masih terdapat beberapa dimensi yang tidak dipahami oleh guru dengan baik oleh karena itu perlu diadakan sebuah program lanjutan agar guru-guru dapat lebih memahami sistem pencahayaan yang baik pada sekolah.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Asep Saefullah ◽  
Amalia Fitriyani ◽  
Yayat Ruhiyat ◽  
Diana Ayu Rostikawati

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the blended learning model to improving higher order thinking skills (HOTS) on thermodynamic material. The research method used in this study is quasi-experimental, while the research design used is Non Equivalent Design. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique, with class XI MIA 1 as an experimental class and XI MIA 2 as a control class. The instrument used in this study was an HOTS test item in the form of multiple choice questions. Data analysis techniques using SPSS software to test hypotheses, and Microsoft Excel to determine the magnitude of the increase in HOTS. The results of the independent sample t-test showed a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.03. Large increase in the experimental class by 0.50 (50%), and by 0.40 (40%) in the control class. This shows that learning using the blended learning model has a better effect in HOTS than learning without blended learning.


Author(s):  
Dwi Yunita ◽  
Astuti Wijayanti

This research is aimed to know the impact of using video as a media toward the learning result of sciences for students in class VII in SMPN 1 Turi on 2016/2017 which is looked by the student’s creativity. This research is quasi experiment. The object of this research is the student’s result. The technique of data collection is using test, questioner and documentation techniques. Instrument test is containing with 30 multiple-choice questions, and questioner instrument is containing with 20 statements. As the result, the researcher obtained Fcalculate = 19,747 and p = 0,000, the average of learning result is 20,78, the average of questioner is 60,09. Based on the average of learning result and questioner, then there is an impact by video as a media toward the learning result of sciences for students in class VII which is looked by the student’s creativity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Justin W. Merry ◽  
Mary Kate Elenchin ◽  
Renee N. Surma

Multiple choice exams are ubiquitous, but advice on test-taking strategies varies and is not always well informed by research. This study evaluated the question of whether students benefit or are harmed when they change their initial answers on multiple choice questions in the context of physiology and biology courses. Previously marked examinations were reviewed for eraser marks that indicated answer changes, and the impact of these changes on exam grades was tabulated. In addition, faculty and students were surveyed for their opinions about changing answers. A plurality of faculty (36%) reported a belief that answer changes usually harm student grades, whereas a slim majority of students (51%) believed that answer changing helped their scores (χ2 = 60.52, P < 0.0001). Empirically, across two exams, students changed their answer from an incorrect answer to a correct one 2.8 times (SD 2.2) compared with 1.0 time (SD 1.4) changing in the negative direction. Therefore, on average, students benefited ( V =  123.5, P < 0.0001) from answer changing. Furthermore, comparing across two exams in the same course, some students were consistently more likely to change their answers than others (adjusted R2= 0.23, P < 0.0001), but the impact of changing answers on the first exam provided no prediction of how much a student would benefit from answer changing on the second exam (adjusted R2= −0.004, P = 0.42). These data support the argument that students should be advised to review and revise responses to exam questions before submitting them.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najeh Rajeh Alsalhi ◽  
Mohd Eltahir ◽  
Elmuez Dawi ◽  
Atef Abdelkader ◽  
Samer Zyoud

This study aims to investigate the impact of the use of blended learning on the achievement of Dentistry College students on a physics course at Ajman University. It compares the results of different ways of teaching the ‘Practical physics course’. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental case study design. The participants of the study were 116 students, divided into two groups: one an experimental group (n = 59) and the other a control group (n = 57). An achievement test was designed to confirm the study’s validity and reliability. SPSS was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control groups, in favor of the experimental group. Moreover, the findings also revealed that achievement varied according to the gender of the students in the experimental group (in favor of females). The study recommends further research into the use of blended learning in higher education institutions.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document