scholarly journals Experimentální ověření teorie spirály mlčení v online a offline prostředí

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
František Kalvas ◽  
Lucie Přibylová
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
The Public ◽  
Real Process ◽  
West Bohemia ◽  
The Spiral Of Silence ◽  
The University ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Functional Process

The article reports the results of a test of the Spiral of Silence Theory that was introducedby Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann. The real process of the spiral of silence assumes that people (in the putativeposition of a minority) do not express their opinion or join the opinion of the majority because they have a fearof isolation. Tamás Bodor has argued that the theory does not function in all tests when (1) the process is timelimited,meaning that we can observe a public debate of an actual problem only for a short time and with thecondition that the public forms two opposing opinion camps and (2) the key dependent variable is measuredin an inappropriate way (e.g. researchers interview participants using a questionnaire on the hypotheticalwillingness to speak out). The solutions used with our test were: (1) we used four controversial themes,resulting in a greater probability of finding the functional process of the increased silence of the minority,and (2) we measured the key dependent variable as speaking behaviour during the laboratory experiment.Two laboratory experiments were part of this research; the first contained 42 and the second contained 43students from the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen. The experiments had the same design: (1) measuringof attitudes through a questionnaire (phase 1); (2) discussion on an internet blog (an anonymous onlineenvironment); and (3) discussion in a focus group (an offline environment). The first half of the respondentsdiscussed anonymously online (phase 2) and thereafter offline (phase 4), and the other half participated in theexperiment in the reverse order of environments. We measured attitudes again in phase 3 and at the end of theexperiment (phase 5). The article investigates whether participants with minority attitudes are more frequentlysilent and how this relationship is moderated by fear of isolation and by the communication environment. Ourresults prove that the probability a participant will speak her opinion rises in an anonymous online environment.The results support the Spiral of Silence Theory – participants expressing minority attitudes are more frequentlysilent, but only when they express higher fear of isolation. Participants expressing lower fear of isolation arenot influenced by minority or majority attitudes regarding the speaking of their opinion. Finally, the maincontribution of our paper is the experimental replication of results obtained through hypothetical measures.

scholarly journals Silent science: a mixed-methods analysis of faculty engagement in science communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. A09
Author(s):  
Taylor T. Ruth ◽  
Joy N. Rumble ◽  
Lisa K. Lundy ◽  
Sebastian Galindo ◽  
Hannah S. Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effective Science ◽  
The Spiral Of Silence ◽  
The University

To address science literacy issues, university faculty have to engage in effective science communication. However, social pressures from peers, administration, or the public may silence their efforts. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of the spiral of silence on faculty's engagement with science communication. A survey was distributed to a census of tenure-track faculty at the University of Florida [UF], and the findings did not support the spiral of silence was occurring. However, follow-up interviews revealed faculty did not perceive their peers to value science communication and were more concerned about how the public felt about their research and communication.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Applicability of “the Spiral of Silence” in Weibo

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. p159
Author(s):  
Chaoran Jia
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
The Public ◽  
Core Theory ◽  
The Media ◽  
Internet Environment ◽  
The Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Basic Hypothesis

“The spiral of silence” theory was first funded by Professor Elizabeth Noelle Neumann in 1972. This theory indicates that, if a person feels that his opinion is belonging to minority, he is less likely to express it, because he is afraid of being retaliated or isolated by majority. This theory assumes that people are always estimating what the public opinion is, and they often judge it through the media. The theory also assumes that we have an inherent fear of isolation and that we know what perspectives can lead us to isolation by majority. This theory also explains why there are always such minority groups in the society and they dare to raise different opinions. With the flash development of the Internet, more and more self media have broken the old pattern of mass media as the information publisher. So it is a big question whether “the spiral of silence” theory is still applicable to the Internet environment. This paper, from the perspective of the basic hypothesis and core theory of “the spiral of silence”, focuses on whether the theory is applicable to the communicative behavior in We-Media.

scholarly journals Persuazivnost medija i medijski efekti na pojedinca i publiku

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Samir Ljajić ◽  
◽  
Milan Dojčinović
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
The Body ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Media Psychology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
The Media ◽  
Setting Theory ◽  
The Spiral Of Silence

The power of the media and the persuasive properties of the “seventh force” have always intrigued the public, as well as media theorists, sociologists, psycholo- gists and even physicians, who have investigated the influence of media content on hormone levels in the body or bodily deviations due to excessive use of media. In this paper, the effects of the media on individuals and the audience are sublimated through some of the most famous media theories, seeking support in the field of media psychology and social psychology. The persuasive impact of the media is described through the agenda setting theory and the theory of the spiral of silence, observing the effects of these theories, from printed to digital media. The paper also emphasizes the influence of the media through the decor and mise-en-scène in the TV studio, through advertising, market consumerism, and the importance of the information avalanche for the persuasive action of the media.

A Local Area Network for Medical Research; Planning, Realization and Experience

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schosser ◽  
C. Weiss ◽  
K. Messmer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
On Line ◽  
The University

This report focusses on the planning and realization of an interdisciplinary local area network (LAN) for medical research at the University of Heidelberg. After a detailed requirements analysis, several networks were evaluated by means of a test installation, and a cost-performance analysis was carried out. At present, the LAN connects 45 (IBM-compatible) PCs, several heterogeneous mainframes (IBM, DEC and Siemens) and provides access to the public X.25 network and to wide-area networks for research (EARN, BITNET). The network supports application software that is frequently needed in medical research (word processing, statistics, graphics, literature databases and services, etc.). Compliance with existing “official” (e.g., IEEE 802.3) and “de facto” standards (e.g., PostScript) was considered to be extremely important for the selection of both hardware and software. Customized programs were developed to improve access control, user interface and on-line help. Wide acceptance of the LAN was achieved through extensive education and maintenance facilities, e.g., teaching courses, customized manuals and a hotline service. Since requirements of clinical routine differ substantially from medical research needs, two separate networks (with a gateway in between) are proposed as a solution to optimally satisfy the users’ demands.

Our universities away from partisan Altsarat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
أ.د.عبد الجبار احمد عبد الله
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Moral Duty ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Office ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The University

In order to codify the political and partisan activity in Iraq, after a difficult labor, the Political Parties Law No. (36) for the year 2015 started and this is positive because it is not normal for the political parties and forces in Iraq to continue without a legal framework. Article (24) / paragraph (5) of the law requires that the party and its members commit themselves to the following: (To preserve the neutrality of the public office and public institutions and not to exploit it for the gains of a party or political organization). This is considered because it is illegal to exploit State institutions for partisan purposes . It is a moral duty before the politician not to exploit the political parties or some of its members or those who try to speak on their behalf directly or indirectly to achieve partisan gains. Or personality against other personalities and parties at the expense of the university entity.

scholarly journals DIGITALISASI ARSIP FOTO UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEBAGAI LANDASAN IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK

HUMANIKA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Tri Handayani ◽  
Amin Taufiq Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
University Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Photo ◽  
The University

This paper focuses on digitalization archival photo Diponegoro University, as the basis for Diponegoro University towards the era of public information openness. This basis can be realized among others bythe publication digital photo archives of the three traditional missions of academic institutions (tridharma perguruan tinggi)  and  digital photo archive of administrative activity of Head of the University of Diponegoro through the website of Khazanah Arsip Foto Undip (Collection of Undip Photo Archive). As a conclusion, Khazanah Arsip Foto Undip were digitalized and uploaded to the Undip website were information to the public about the achievements of the University of Diponegoro in organizing the three traditional missions of academic institutions activities, and the information to the public about the achievements of the Head of Diponegoro University policy.

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