STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY TOKOH HARUMI TAKASUGI DALAM MANGA TAKASUGI SAN CHI NO OBENTOU KARYA NOZOMI YANAHARA (SEBUAH KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA ALFRED ADLER)

Perjuangan adalah satu hal yang harus terus diusahakan untuk memperoleh keberhasilan. Manga Takasugi san chi no Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara dengan jelas menunjukkan proses perjuangan seorang perjaka bernama Harumi Takasugi untuk menjadi wali seorang anak di bawah umur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana proses perjuangan tokoh Harumi Takasugi untuk menjadi wali yang bertanggung jawab dalam manga Takasugi san Chi No Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikoloi sastra, dengan memanfaatkan teori Striving for Superiority yang dikemukakan oleh Alfred Adler untuk menunjukkan awal kebangkitan seseorang dari rasa inferioritasnya. Data penelitian diambil dari beberapa adegan yang menunjukkan proses perjuangan tokoh Harumi Takasugi dari kondisi inferior sampai mencapai superioritasnya. Hasil penelitian proses striving for superiority menunjukkan dengan jelas bahwa keagresifan, motivasi diri, berpikir positif, rela berkorban, dan bekerja keras menjadikan striving for superiority yang dilakukan tokoh Harumi menjadi motor penggerak untuk mengalahkan perasaan inferiornya dan bahkan kepuasan menjadi kebahagiaan yang dirasakan tokoh Harumi di dalam manga Takasugi san Chi No Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara.

THE USES OF MYTH AND RITUALS AS COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION BY KRATON NGIYOM IN SEKARALAS AND SEKARPUTIH VILLAGES

Kraton Ngiyom is a non-profit organization that focuses on environmental preservation. To overcome the environmental problems in the villages of Sekaralas and Sekarputih, Ngawi, East Java, especially regarding the condition of damage to the forest area and both springs in the village area, Kraton Ngiyom uses communication strategies based on local wisdom by utilizing mythologically oriented instrument and ceremonies as a medium of communication to encourage the public to care and actively contribute in carrying out environmental preservation activities. This study aims to answer the research question of how the Kraton Ngiyom uses myth and rituals as communication strategies for environmental conservation in the villages of Sekaralas and Sekarputih. This study employs an ethnographic study approach. Data collection was carried out using direct observation and in-depth interviews with five informants. The results of this study found that the communication strategies based on local wisdom are well implemented by Kraton Ngiyom through 2 instruments, namely myths and rituals. The myth is used by Kraton Ngiyom to deliver environmental preservation messages to the people of Sekaralas and Sekarputih villages, while the rituals are used by Kraton Ngiyom as instruments to support the delivery of messages, which is to encourage changes in village community behavior. The process of delivering messages through myths, which was maximized in the implementation of a ceremony, succeeded in changing the behavior of Sekaralas and Sekarputih villagers to become more concerned about their environmental conditions and to take initiatives in undertaking environmental conservation efforts.

PERANAN SANDUR KEMBANG DESA DALAM PELESTARIAN KESENIAN SANDUR DI BOJONEGORO, JAWA TIMUR

Sandur merupakan seni pertunjukan tradisional yang tumbuh dan berkembang di wilayah masyarakat agraris, yaitu masyarakat yang memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya bersumber dari produksi dan pemeliharaan tanaman dan pertanian. Sandur mengisahkan tentang kehidupan masyarakat agraris, interaksi antarmasyarakat, bercocok tanam, hingga transisi masyarakat agraris menuju masyarakat urban. Salah satu daerah tempt berkembangnya Sandur adalah Bojonegoro. Sandur pernah mencapai masa kejayaannya di Bojonegoro. Seiring berjalannya waktu, Sandur dianggap kurang relevan dengan kehidupan masyarakat modern karena tidak ada penyesuaian dengan perkembangan zaman dan tidak ada regenerasi. Hal tersebut ditambah dengan hantaman modernisasi yang semakin memperburuk keadaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan upaya pelestarian Sandur melalui kelompok Sandur Kembang Desa, yaitu sekelompok pemuda yang mempertahankan kesenian Sandur dengan cara menginovasi cerita dalam Sandur agar dapat diterima masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Ledok Kulon, Kecamatan Bojonegoro, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik wawancara tidak terstruktur dan observasi nonpartisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi Sandur terancam punah karena tidak adanya regenerasi dan ceritanya yang dianggap kurang relevan dengan kehidupan masyarakat modern. Hal tersebut menjadikan minat masyarakat terhadap kesenian Sandur semakin berkurang. Sandur Kembang Desa merupakan kelompok kesenian yang menginovasi Sandur di tengah pola kehidupan masyarakat yang bergeser mengikuti arus modernisasi. Inovasi Sandur Kembang Desa terinspirasi dari gaya hidup masyarakat modern, sehingga pertunjukannya mampu menarik perhatian masyarakat. Nilai-nilai yang diangkat dalam cerita Sandur Kembang Desa merupakan nilai-nilai yang relevan dengan masyarakat modern, tanpa mengubah nilai-nilai tradisional Sandur. Adanya inovasi dari Sandur Kembang Desa diharapkan mampu mempertahankan eksistensi Sandur di tengah perkembangan budaya modern.

MNEMONIC DEVICE (KALENDER) UNTUK PENGAYAAN LITERASI MUSIM MENUJU SUMBA BARAT DAYA YANG BERDAULAT PANGAN

Kedaulatan pangan adalah solusi bagi kelaparan. Namun demikian di Sumba Barat Daya, kondisi lapar tersebut berkelindan menyatu dengan perubahan kondisi alam, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Pengadaan dan kecukupan pangan pun dibayangkan bertautan dengan kebutuhan untuk memenuhi kontrak-kontrak sosial dalam komunitas setempat, yaitu dengan moralitas yang ditampilkan melalui rangkaian ritual daur hidup sepanjang tahun. Kelindan pengadaan pangan, yang utamanya lewat kegiatan pertanian dan peternakan, dengan rangkaian kegiatan ritual ini diperlukan penataan agar hidup lebih terorganisir dan adaptif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Kelindan ini secara tradisional telah diantisipasi menggunakan berbagai macam media. Salah satu di antaranya adalah kalender musim yang di Sumba Barat Daya dan banyak tempat lain sudah terabaikan. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini menyajikan aplikasi kalender musim sebagai mnemonic device yang dapat membantu petani, untuk menemukenali kembali jiwa alam sehingga mereka dapat bertani selaras dengan irama alam. Selain itu, kalender musim menjadi sarana pencatatan mengenai tanda-tanda alam yang selama ini samar, sehingga petani mampu menyeimbangkan diri antara kepentingan pemenuhan komoditas dan juga pemenuhan kebutuhan hidupnya. Secara partisipatoris penelitian dilakukan selama tiga tahun, yaitu tahun pertama menghasilkan identifikasi masalah; tahun kedua menghasilkan rumusan model kedaulatan pangan, dan tahun ketiga berisi rangkaian workshop uji coba model. Artikel ini khusus mengulas bagaimana model kedaulatan pangan yang berupa mnemonic device itu diperkaya melalui serangkaian workshop, yang diikuti para pemangku kepentingan di Sumba Barat Daya serta komunitas mahasiswa Sumba yang ada di Yogyakarta. Pengayaan kalender musim ini diharapkan mempermudah serta memperluas aksesibilitas penggunanya secara lintas gender, usia, dan strata sosial. Apresiasi kalender musim akan menjamin petani insaf akan pentingnya mendahulukan kedaulatan pangan daripada gengsi sosial.

EKSPRESI BAHASA POLITIK DIKALANGAN MENTERI: STUDI ANALISIS TALK SHOW MATA NAJWA “GONO-GINI KURSI MENTERI”

Bahasa yang diapakai dalam suatu masyarakat bersifat arbiter, hal ini menyebabkan munculnya variasi bahasa. Salah satu variasi dalam bahasa adalah bahasa politik yang digunakan sebagai media komunikasi oleh para politisi. Para politisi lebih banyak memilih untuk menggunakan bahasa retorika dalam diskusi politik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana penggunaan bahasa politik dikalangan para politisi dan apa maksud dari retorika bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini menjadi penting untuk dilakukan untuk mengetahui makna tersembunyi dibalik topeng retorika bahasa, sehingga akan terungkap apa makna sebenarnya dan apa tujuan penggunaan bahasa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitataif, yaitu mendeskripsikan data sesuai dengan apa adanya. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan menggunakan Teknik catat dan Teknik simak. Dari hasil penelitian ini dtemukan bahwa ekspresi bahasa yang digunakan oleh politisi termasuk dalam varian register bahasa. Fungsi dari register bahasa adalah untuk memperhalus bahasa yang digunakan dan bernilai moral, dengan tujuan untuk menyimpan makna yang sebenarnya dari tuturan. Sehingga variasi ini akan menciptakan kedamaian dan image para politisi juga akan terjaga. Variasi yang termasuk dalam konteks ini adalah bahasa politik berupa bentuk pertama dan bahasa politik berupa ungkapan.

Madurese Women and Binding Culture in Muna Masyari’s Martabat Kematian: Gynocriticism Analysis

Muna Masyari is a famous female author from Pamekasan, Madura, whose one of her short stories, Sortana, won an award from Kompas, a national newspaper, as the best short story in 2017. Through her short stories, she consistent in depicting the social problems, particularly, related to Madurese women. This article discusses the portrayal of Madurese women in four short stories, namely Kembang Pengantin, Rumah Hantaran, Are’ Lancor, and Topeng Gelur. This article focuses on Madurese women as daughter and mother and their relation to nature and oppressed culture. This study uses descriptive approach with close reading method. Data collection is in the form of words and the data analysis is done by interpreting the data based on Elaine Showalter’s Gynocriticism which concerns with women as writer as well as the producer of literary texts. Gynocriticism mostly deals with four models; they are women’s writing and women’s body, women’s writing and women’s language, women’s writing and women’s psyche, and women’s writing and women’s culture. The results show Masyari reveals many problems attached to Madurese women through women’s body, language, psyche and culture. Madurese early arranged marriage and myths has placed Madurese women in oppressive and unfortunate conditions due to the binding culture that has dominated women. Muna Masyari, yet, places her female characters who are daring to speak their voice to have their own authority in searching their destiny in the future.

YOUTUBE AS A MEDIUM FOR INDONESIAN TODDLERS’ SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION (AN ANALYSIS THROUGH CHILDREN SONGS)

Language acquisition for children is started when they produce words on their own. Children’s language normally develop in line with their age. Usually they can produce sentence and speak their mother tongue language fluently at the age of three. In the same time, children are able to acquire other language which is called second language acquisition (SLA). In Indonesia, English has become second language that has become the main subject at school, from the elementary level to the university level. Toddlers are children at the range of age between 2-3 years. This is the peak time to acquire language, and at this age, children are able to create phrase or simple sentence. Since the technology has developed very rapidly, children also can get more facilities to learn language. One of the media to learn language is YouTube. Using interview method, the writers did interview to 21 respondents as the parents of pre-school students. There were four questions to answer and the answers were described based on the respondents’ opinion. The research results that children can start to learn English through YouTube by watching English songs. Their attraction in watching is followed by imitating the word, the way the characters sing, and also the manner. Parents become guide to improve the children’s process of English learning after they watched YouTube.

ANALISIS SUBJEKTIFITAS MEDIA DARING JEPANG MENGENAI ISU LARANGAN KELUAR MASUK JEPANG PADA MASA PANDEMI VIRUS COVID-19: SEBUAH PENELITIAN SEMIOTIK

The polarization between conservative and progressive media created a middle ground for the print media to maintain sufficient readerships which are decreasing due to the declining Japanese birth rate. But why it relates to ‘security’, what is the reason? This research aims to examine news articles from the Yomiuri Shimbun and Asahi Shimbun mass media in English, namely, The Japan News and The Asahi Shimbun, as a reference medium to understand the framing between conservative and progressive Japanese mass media regarding the issue of prohibiting entry and exit of Japan for the international community during the pandemic. Researchers used qualitative methods, content analysis, with a semiotics approach in which researcher used the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) software to filter out low-frequency nouns with a number> 5 which became the key vocabulary to understand the debate on the prohibition of entry an­d leaving Japan during January- August 2020. No less than 19 news articles were collected from The Japan News and 21 news articles were collected from The Asahi Shimbun by searching for the terms Ban/ Re-entry/ Travel/ Entry. After being filtered, 22 nouns >5 were found which were used by The Japan News and The Asahi Shimbun. In addition, there are 5 nouns found only in one medium with a total of >5. The result shows that The Japan News is a pro-government media that rarely criticizes the government. Criticism will be made if government policies disrupt the economy and are related to the Keidanren (Japan Business Association). On the other hand, The Asahi Shimbun is a counter-government media that criticize the government but has close ties to Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. To understand the Japanese mass media information data strategically, both mass media have an important role in the international community.

CARELESS CHOICES, DREADFUL CONSEQUENCES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF W.W. JACOBS’ THE MONKEY’S PAW AND RICHARD MATHESON’S BUTTON, BUTTON

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the theme of free choices and their relation to the stated consequences embodied in the two short stories, one by W.W. Jacobs entitled The Monkey’s Paw and another one by Richard Matheson entitled Button, Button. The analysis focuses on four aspects; namely, the situational triggers of the free choices, the gripping conflicts in the free choices, the ethical consequences, and the purpose of the twisted endings. The concepts borrowed to support the analysis are the concepts concerning situational choices, morality types, and ethical consequences. The research methods applied in the analysis are the combination of the library research, the textual method enriched with the relevant contexts in order to completely dig out the proposed problems The results of the discussion show that every free choice taken under whatever reason will lead to the stated consequence whether it is unbelievable or impossible. The superstitious atmosphere in The Monkey’s Paw and the mysterious atmosphere in the Button, Button, all lead to the inevitability to avoid the temptation to choose resulting in the disastrous consequences.

ACTIVE INTERFERENCE OF STUDENTS OF TOURISM DEPARTMENT, STATE POLYTECHNIC OF BALI IN JAPANESE LANGUAGE LEARNING

In studying Japanese, interference is so highlighted because language interference is the most conspicuous source of error among Japanese language learners in the Department of Tourism of the State Polytechnic of Bali. This study aims to describe the type of active interference that arises in students of the Department of Tourism, State Polytechnic of Bali who study Japanese and mentions the factors of active interference. The method used is a qualitative approach to the type of research is descriptive research. The data collected in this study is not in the form of numbers but comes from percentages, field notes, personal documents, notes, memos, and other official documents so that the purpose of this qualitative research is to describe the empirical reality behind the phenomenon in-depth, detailed, and complete. Called descriptive because this study seeks to describe the type of active interference that arises in students of the tourism department, State Polytechnic of Bali. The population in this study were all students majoring in Tourism who came from three study programs who were studying Japanese. While the sample in this study was second-semester students of Hospitality study class D totaling 33 people and class E totaling 34 people, and second-semester students of programs Study of Tourism Business Management class B amounted to 34 people who were taken intentionally (purposive) from 12 classes in three study programs in Tourism department. Based on research, students of the Tourism Department, State Polytechnic of Bali showed a tendency to make an active interference in the lexical field, such as active interference of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. They namely deliberately and consciously incorporating elements of mother language and Indonesian when learning Japanese because of limited dictions, Use of Japanese vocabulary without knowing the function, and the mother tongue / Indonesian language which has taken root.