scholarly journals Breathing as one of the components of biathlon shooting in youth biathletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Michal Žák ◽  
Jan Ondráček
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Physical Load ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Potential Dependence ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Age Category

PURPOSE: This study is aimed at identifying the length of breath holding in youth biathletes before shooting in both the prone and the standing position, and determining potential dependence between breath holding and the shooting performance at rest and after physical load during the training period.METHODS: Twenty-one national youth biathletes, women (n = 10; 16.7 ± 0.7 years) and men (n = 11; 16.5 ± 0.6 years), participated in the study. All participants completed two series of measuring of breath holding after 3 months period during shooting at rest and after roller skiing in a race load, in the prone as well as the standing position. They shot using their own biathlon rifles with a fixed accelerometer and respiration belts on the thorax.RESULTS: The average length of breath holding when successfully hitting the target in the prone position was 0.65 seconds in average both at rest and in the racing load, with some significant differences both men and women. When shooting in the standing position, the average values were approximately same as in the prone position 0.65 seconds both at rest and in racing load, again with some observable differences both men and women. There were several significant differences between the pre-test and post-test in the length of breath holding in both groups (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The study evaluate the length of breath holding and determine dependence of breath holding on the shooting performance at rest and after physical load during the training period in youth biathletes. The comparison of the acquired information with the shooting methodology taught by the coaches brought beneficial results. The study showed that is appropriate to hold breath for an average of 0.55 - 0.7 seconds in both shooting positions for both men and women in this age category. 

scholarly journals Profile of hip arthroplasty patients in a teaching hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Vania Regina Goveia ◽  
Isabel Yovana Quispe Mendoza ◽  
Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto ◽  
Jose Antonio Guimarães Ferreira ◽  
Edson Barreto Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Femoral Neck Fracture ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
Hip Arthroplasties

OBJECTIVE: to characterize the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing hip replacement, primary or revisional. METHODS: we conducted a retrospective, descriptive study, including hip arthroplasties performed from January 2009 to June 2012 in a Belo Horizonte teaching hospital, Minas Gerais State - MG, Brazil. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: orthopedic procedures represented 45% of the operations at the hospital in the period, 1.4% hip arthroplasties. There were 125 hip replacements, 85 total, 27 partial and 13 reviews. Among the patients, 40% were male and 60% were female. Age ranged between 20 and 102 years, mean and median of 73 and 76 years, respectively. The most frequent diagnosis (82%) was femoral neck fracture by low-energy trauma caused by falling form standing position. In 13 revision operations, 12 required removal of the prosthesis. The infectious complication led to revision in 54% of the time, followed by dislocation (15%), peri-prosthetic fracture (15%) and aseptic loosening (15%). The infection etiologic agent was identified in 43% of occasions. The average length of the prosthesis to a revision operation was eight months. CONCLUSION: patients undergoing hip arthroplasty are elderly, with femoral neck fracture caused by falling form standing position, affecting more women. The incidence of hip prosthesis loosening was 10%. The main cause of the infection was loosening. The incidence of revisional hip arthroplasty was 10% and the incidence of hospital mortality in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty was 7.2%.

scholarly journals 0826 Gender Differences in Sleep Knowledge of Community-Dwelling Older Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A315-A315
Author(s):  
C M Baldwin ◽  
D G Link ◽  
D W Coon ◽  
S F Quan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Drowsy Driving ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Post Test

Abstract Introduction This work compares sleep knowledge of community-dwelling older adult men and women. Methods Data were derived from a community-based sleep training program that assessed pre- and post-test knowledge of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), Insomnia, short sleep duration (SSD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), circadian rhythm disorders (CRD), and drowsy driving (DD) on a 1 (none) to 5 (great deal of knowledge) Likert-like scale. Data were analyzed with frequencies for age, sex, and sources of sleep information, and ANOVA to determine gender differences using SPSS (V24) with significance set at p&lt;.05. Results Participants (N=158; 68% women) were 56 years and older residing in a retirement community. Pre-test means±standard deviations showed women versus men had greater knowledge of Insomnia (3.5±1.3 vs. 2.9±1.0, p=.004) whereas men showed more knowledge of DD (3.2±1.1 vs. 2.6±1.3, p=.01). A trend was noted for women to have greater knowledge of SSD (3.6±1.2 vs. 3.2±1.0, p=.05). Post-test ANOVA showed a further increase in Insomnia knowledge for women versus men (4.4±0.8 vs. 4.1±0.7, p=.04); however, overall pre/post-test scores for each of the sleep disorders across men and women increased significantly at the p&lt;.001 level. Notably, more women to men reported accessing various resources for sleep information: newspapers/magazines (46:7), friends/family (29:9), the internet (25:11), TV (37:7), and physicians/nurses (45:20). Conclusion Findings indicate, prior to sleep training, women have greater knowledge of insomnia and short sleep duration, while men have more knowledge of drowsy driving. Women’s greater understanding of insomnia persists even after sleep training; however, pre- to post-test scores for both sexes across sleep disorders show significant learning outcomes. One possible reason for women’s greater knowledge of insomnia and short sleep could be their greater likelihood to access information on health and healthy lifestyle factors, including sleep, as well as their greater health care utilization. Support N/A

Gender differences in the perceptions of wildlife management objectives and priorities in Australasia

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly K. Miller ◽  
Darryl N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
The Future ◽  
Age Category

It is now well established that men and women often differ significantly in their attitudes and responses to workplace situations, challenges and policies. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gender on perceptions and priorities held by Australasian wildlife managers. Data were collected via a questionnaire distributed during December 2002 – February 2003 to members of the Australasian Wildlife Management Society (AWMS) and registrants of the 2002 AWMS annual conference. The results show that there are now significantly more female AWMS members than there were in the early 1990s, a possible indication of a change in the wider wildlife management profession in Australasia. Consistent with previous research, male respondents held different views from female respondents about wildlife and wildlife management. In particular, male respondents were significantly more likely to express the ‘management/consumptive use of wildlife’ perspective than female respondents. Interestingly, this gap was observed only in the 18–30-year age category. The paper examines what these differences might mean for the future of wildlife management in Australasia.

scholarly journals Hospital morbidity in a medium-sized city: differentials between men and women

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Oliveira de Arruda ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Molena-Fernandes ◽  
Thais Aidar de Freitas Mathias ◽  
Sonia Silva Marcon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Morbidity ◽  
The City ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization ◽  
Specific Health ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

OBJECTIVE: characterize the hospital morbidity of adults living in the city of Maringá, PR, Brazil, between 2000 and 2011, focusing on the differential between men and women. METHOD: this descriptive study was developed based on data from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System in order to investigate the association between groups of hospitalization causes and the average length of hospitalization per gender, in three-year periods. RESULTS: the main groups of hospitalization causes for men were: mental disorders, lesions and circulatory diseases; and, among women: tumors, circulatory and genitourinary diseases. Mental disorders and lesions, tumors, circulatory and genitourinary diseases were significantly associated with the female and male genders across the study period. Although not significant, the mean length of hospitalization dropped across the four three-year periods, and only showed a significant difference between men and women in the second triennium. CONCLUSION: differences in the hospital morbidity profile between men and women underline the need for specific health and nursing actions, especially in primary health care, with a view to reducing hospitalizations due to the main groups of causes in the city.

Effect of posture on the single-breath oxygen test in normal subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cortese ◽  
J. R. Rodarte ◽  
K. Rehder ◽  
R. E. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Linear Gradient ◽  
Considerable Similarity ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Lateral Decubitus ◽  
Phase Iv

The effect of posture on phase III (alveolar nitrogen plateau) and phase IV (closing capacity) of the single-breath oxygen test was examined in 10 normal people. In part 1 of the study, subjects inspired and expired in the standing, supine, prone, and right lateral decubitus positions; there was no effect of posture on phase IV but slopes of phase III were higher when subjects were in the supine and lateral positions. In part 2, subjects inspired in the standing position and expired in one of the recumbent positions. Phase IV occurred infrequently except in the prone position (6 of 10 subj); slopes of phase III in part 2 were not consistently altered by changing posture. It is difficult to explain the failure of posture to alter phase IV solely on a model requiring a linear gradient of pleural pressure. The slope of phase III appears to depend more on the emptying patterns of small regions with widely varying volume-to-ventilation ratios than on gravity-dependent sequences of emptying. Finally, the data suggest a considerable similarity between the upright and prone positions in terms of lung filling and emptying.

Sex Differences and Growth toward Self-Actualization during the Freshman Year

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Freshman Year ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Personal Orientation

Test-retest results using the Personal Orientation Inventory indicate initial differences for men and women ( ns = 590 and 448 pre- and post-test) on 11 of the 12 scales as well as different patterns of change during the freshman year. Practical considerations with regard to pooling POI scale scores for men and women are discussed.

scholarly journals SHOOTING RANGE IMPROVEMENT BY MONITORING THE DISCRIMINATING FACTORS OF THE JUNIOR BIATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13(62) (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
B.I. PELIN ◽  
B.D IONESCU
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Physical Load ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Shooting Range

The purpose of the research is to identify biomechanical predictors that distinguish between high and low score athletes in biathlon shooting and to determine the relationships among these variables in field testing. Ten biathletes (3 female, 7 male) from CSS Dinamo Râșnov each fired 3 clips of 5 shots in prone and standing shooting positions without physical load, followed by 2 respective series in both disciplines during a simulated 12.5-km pursuit race on roller skis. Referring to the current results, athletes are recommended to focus on vertical rifle sway in prone position and on body sway across the shooting line during standing shooting when fatigued.

Functional state and stress periods of cardiovascular and sympathetic-adrenal systems in students throughout the academic year

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
F. G. Sitdikov ◽  
M. V. Shaikhelislamova
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Physical Load ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Adrenal System ◽  
Pedagogical Institute ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Functional Stress

The dynamics of a functional state of cardiovascular and sympathetic adrenal systems in students aged 1719 years throughout the academic year in the first, second and third УДК 616.921.5-06-037 course of the Pedagogical Institute is studied. The adaptation process of students is shown to be accompanied by stress periods in the functional state of cardiovascular and sympathetic adrenal systems. The response of the systems under study to the dosed physical load varies according to their functioning intensity. The character of correlative relations between hormonal and mediative links of sympathetic adrenal system and statistical characteristics of the cardiac rhythm depends on the training period and may serve as a criterion of the functional stress of the students organism.

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