Soil fertility under different forest types in the Helan and Liupan Mountain ranges of Ningxia Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1982-1993
Author(s):  
姜林 JIANG Lin ◽  
耿增超 GENG Zengchao ◽  
张雯 ZHANG Wen ◽  
陈心想 CHEN Xinxiang ◽  
佘雕 SHE Diao ◽  
...  
Oikos ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wardle ◽  
Peter J. Bellingham ◽  
Paul Kardol ◽  
Reiner Giesler ◽  
Edmund V. J. Tanner

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Trujillo ◽  
Carlos A. Rivera-Rondón ◽  
Henrik Balslev

Quantification of multivariate trait spectra (or axes of specialization) make the definition of plant strategies more operational, which promotes trait-based theory of community assembly and the understanding of dynamics and functioning of ecosystems. We used field-quantified soil data to explore trait-environment relationships across palm communities in western Amazonia. We collected data from 116 palm species in 458 transects across four distinct forest types. We combined these data with trait records to relate local plant community trait composition to broad gradients in soil variables and forest types. There were significant trait-environment relationships across western Amazonia. Palms with large leaves and fruits, and palms with both growth forms (acaulescent/erect) were associated with fertile soils, while palms with unarmed leaves and stems were associated with non-inundated environments. These results suggest that the functional traits of palms vary consistently along soil gradients on a regional scale. This variation could be explained by the soil fertility and acidity + aluminum gradients, suggesting environmental filters related to resource availability and stressful environments, such as acid soils and soils with high aluminum content.


Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Ying Xin ◽  
Yusen Zhao

The diversity and function of surface soil bacterial community in farmland shelterbelts of five forest types and one abandoned wilderness area were analyzed by collecting 36 soil samples at depths of 0–10 cm (the upper soil layer) and 10–20 cm (the lower soil layer), extracting DNA from the samples and amplifying and sequencing the bacterial 16S rDNA V3~V4 region. Dominant bacterial phyla in forest soils included the Actinomycetes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chlorobacteria, and Bacillus. The number of unique bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) was higher in the upper versus lower soil layer and greater in the abandoned cropland than in the shelterbelts. The number of total bacterial OTUs was highest in the mixed Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica Litv. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. forest. At the phyla level, Actinomycetes showed the greatest variation in abundance among forest types, while at the genus level, Actinoplanes varied most among forest types in the upper soil layer and Krasilnikovia varied most in the lower soil layer. Soil bacteria were more strongly correlated and more intense competition in the upper soil layer than in the lower soil layer; Actinoplanes and Krasilnikovia were key genera in bacterial networks. Functional predictions for bacterial community genes indicated that soil fertility potential was strong in the mixed Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. forest, weak in the mixed Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica Litv. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. forest, and in the Populus×xiaohei forest, and intermediate in the Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. and Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica Litv. forests. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the sustainable management of soil fertility in the agroforestry system.


2011 ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Knezevic ◽  
Olivera Kosanin ◽  
Rajko Milosevic

The characteristics of podzolised and typical acid brown soils were studied in beech forests in Management Unit ?Lomnicka Reka? on Veliki Jastrebac. Also, their production potential was evaluated based on their physico-chemical properties. As productivity is a realised value of the soil fertility, realized through the yield and increment, the site productive capacity was evaluated based on mean maximal heights. The correlation analysis shows the extent to which the characteristics of podzolised and typical acid brown soils affect the mean maximal heights.


Author(s):  
А.П. Смирнов ◽  
А.А. Смирнов ◽  
Б.А. Монгуш

Цель исследования – выявить влияние эффективного плодородия лесных почв на продуктивность чистых по составу ельников и сосняков, а также на ус- пешность последующего естественного лесовозобновления на вырубках. Эффективное плодородие лесных почв по О.Г. Чертову – это отношение мощности гу- мусового горизонта к мощности лесной подстилки (гумусо-подстилочный коэффициент, ГПК). Продуктивность взрослых ельников Ленинградской области имеет высокую прямую корреляционную связь с ГПК (R2 = 0,884). Наивысшая продуктивность ели (бонитеты Iа и Iа,5) характеризуется коэффициентами плодо- родия, равными соответственно 2 и 2,3. Зависимость продуктивности сосняков от ГПК оказалась значительно менее тесной, чем ельников (R2 = 0,464). В сосняках с наивысшей продуктивностью (бонитеты Iа,5-Iб,5) ГПК составляет 1,7–3,5. На вы- рубках давностью 5–15 лет величина ГПК закономерно возрастает по исходным типам леса от бедных к сравнительно богатым местообитаниям. При этом изме- няются густота и состав подроста, как общего, так и подроста хвойных пород. Наибольшая общая густота подроста (20–22 тыс. экз./га), с достаточно большой долей хвойного подроста – 5–6 тыс. экз./га – характерна для почв среднего плодо- родия (ГПК = 1,2), но с некоторым переувлажнением – в типах леса черничники влажные и долгомошники. Наибольшее количество подроста хвойных пород (с преобладанием сосны в составе) – 8–13 тыс. экз./га – присуще бедным и сухим местообитаниям (вересковый и брусничный типы леса). С увеличением эффек- тивного плодородия почв происходит смена подроста сосны на подрост ели, при- чем густота подроста хвойных в целом снижается. Эта густота имеет нелинейную тесную отрицательную связь с ГПК (R2 = 0,916). Густота подроста березы от пло- дородия почвы не зависит (R2 = 0,025), тогда как густота подроста осины имеет с ним высокую положительную связь (R2 = 0,706). Разрастание подлеска с ГПК слабо связано, но в большинстве случаев подлесок снижает густоту подроста хвойных пород и, в частности, подроста сосны. Разрастание трав, особенно зла- ков, характерно для богатых почв, и также оказывает существенное отрицатель- ное влияние на густоту хвойного подроста. Таким образом, почвы, обладающие наибольшим эффективным плодородием, после вырубки материнского древостоя быстро заселяются конкурентами сосны и ели: травами, подлеском и лиственны- ми породами, прежде всего осиной. Следовательно, по исходному типу леса и со- ставу древостоя, определяющим эффективное плодородие почв, при отсутствии хозяйственных мер по содействию естественному возобновлению хвойных пород, можно уверенно прогнозировать успешность естественного последующего лесовосстановления всех лесообразующих пород на вырубках. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of effective forest soil fertility on productivity of spruce and pine stands of pure the composition, as well as the success of the subsequent natural forest regeneration on the felling. Effective forest soil fertility by O.Chertov is the ratio of thickness the humus horizon and forest litter (humus-litter coefficient, HLC). Spruce productivity Leningrad region has high direct cor- relation with HLC (R2 = 0.884). The highest productivity trees (quality class IA and Ia, 5) is characterized by fertility coefficients, equal respectively 2.3 and 2. Dependence of productivity pine stands from HLC was significantly less close than spruce stands (R2 = 0.464). In stands with the highest productivity (quality class Ia, 5-Ib, 5) HLC is 1.7–3.5. On the felling where prescription 5–15 years the amount of HLC naturally in- creases the original forest types from the poor to the relatively rich habitats. This change the density and composition of forest regeneration, both general and regenera- tion of conifers. The highest overall density of forest regeneration (20–22 thousand copies./ha), with a fairly large portion of pine regeneration is 5–6 thousand copies./ha characteristic soil medium fertility (HLC = 1.2), but with some excessive moisture – polytrichosum and nass myrtillosum. The largest number of young conifers (pine- dominated composition) – 8–13 thousand copies./ha is inherent in the poor and arid habitats (vacciniosum and сladinosum forest types). With the increase of effective soil fertility changes of young pines on young spruce, with undergrowth density conifers declines in general. This density has a close relationship with negative nonlinear HLC (R2 = 0.916). Density undergrowth of birch from the soil fertility is not affected (R2 = 0.025), whereas the density of aspen regrowth has with him a high positive rela- tionship (R2 = 0.706). Growth of underbrush with HLC loosely connected, but in most cases the underbrush reduces density undergrowth of coniferous species and, in partic- ular, young pine. Growth of grasses, especially cereals, characteristically for the rich soil, and also has a significant negative effect on density pine regrowth. Thus, soil, possessing the highest effective fertility, after cutting down maternal stand soon devel- oped by competitors of pine and spruce: herbs, underbrush and deciduous breeds, pri- marily aspen. Consequently, the original forest stand composition and type, determin- ing effective soil fertility, in the absence of management measures on assistance to natural regeneration of coniferous breeds, we can confidently predict the success of a natural follow-up reforestation of all felling.


2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Scheuber ◽  
Ueli Müller ◽  
Michael Köhl

Kyrgyzstan is situated in Central Asia between Kazakhstan and China. Mountain ranges dominate the country's topography. The dry continental climate means that forests are only found on north-facing mountain slopes and account for only 3 to 5 % of the country's surface area. The main forest types are spruce forest in the north, walnut-fruit forest on the slopes of the Fergana valley and juniper forest in the mountains of south Kyrgyzstan. Over-exploitation in the first half of the century coupled with a lack of felling and excessive overgrazing have shaped the way the forest looks today. The declaration of independence by the former Soviet republic in 1991 changed the general situation dramatically. Forest authorities are now trying to meet the huge challenges by implementing new concepts laid down in the 1999 forest law. Since 1995, the Kyrgyz-Swiss Forestry Support Program has offered help and support to the forest authorities. Its main objectives are to improve inventory and planning, to further develop forest enterprises and to preserve the walnut-fruit forests.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Hassan Hayatu ◽  
Abdullahi Mohammed ◽  
Barroon Ahmad Isma’eel ◽  
Sahabi Yusuf Ali

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production.  Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Ekamaida Ekamaida

The soil fertility aspect is characterized by the good biological properties of the soil. One important element of the soil biological properties is the bacterial population present in it. This research was conducted in the laboratory of Microbiology University of Malikussaleh in the May until June 2016. This study aims to determine the number of bacterial populations in soil organic and inorganic so that can be used as an indicator to know the level of soil fertility. Data analysis was done by T-Test that is by comparing the mean of observation parameter to each soil sample. The sampling method used is a composite method, which combines 9 of soil samples taken from 9 sample points on the same plot diagonally both on organic soil and inorganic soil. The results showed the highest bacterial population was found in total organic soil cfu 180500000 and total inorganic soil cfu 62.500.000


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Yingjie Hu ◽  
Xiangbin Kong ◽  
Yuzhen Zhang

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