Spindle Cell Tumor of Urinary Bladder Serosa With Phenotypic and Genotypic Features of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Lasota ◽  
John A. Carlson ◽  
Markku Miettinen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Kit Gene ◽  
Exon 11

Abstract Most mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are now referred to as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). The tumors differ from ordinary leiomyomas and schwannomas in several respects: the GISTs typically express c-kit protein (CD117) and CD34, 30% to 50% of them are (often focally) positive for α-smooth muscle actin, and all are negative for desmin and S100 protein. Recently, mutations in the exon 11 of the c-kit gene have been identified and confirmed as a molecular genetic marker for the subset of GISTs. In this report, we describe a mesenchymal tumor removed from the pelvic cavity of a 52-year-old woman, who is alive without disease 36 months after the surgery. The 5-cm tumor was densely attached to the external aspect of the urinary bladder but was attached to small intestine by only filmy adhesions. The tumor grossly resembled a leiomyoma and was histologically composed of sheets of spindle cells with a dense collagenous background. The mitotic activity was low, less then 1 per 50 high-power fields. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were negative for α-smooth muscle actin and desmin and positive for CD117 and CD34. Molecular genetic analysis of the exon 11 of the c-kit gene revealed a point mutation in the region commonly mutated in GISTs. This mutation substituted T for A in the codon 557, leading to the change of amino acid sequence (tryptophan for arginine) of the KIT protein. This case illustrates that tumors phenotypically and genotypically similar to GISTs may present in sites other than the tubular gastrointestinal tract.

Immunohistochemical diagnostic of hibernoma in dog

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dzimira ◽  
V. Kapuśniak ◽  
J.A. Madej
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Human Pathology

Abstract The diagnosis of hibernoma is uncommon in veterinary medicine. In this report, we present an attempt to confirm hibernoma diagnosed in dogs by applying immunohistochemical tests routinely used in human pathology i.e. antibodies specific to protein S100, protein CD31, or smooth muscle actin (SMA).

Malignant Glomus Tumor of the Urinary Bladder

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 940-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Sub Shim ◽  
Young Deuk Choi ◽  
Nam Hoon Cho
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Glomus Tumors

Abstract We present a case of a malignant glomus tumor arising in the urinary bladder of a 57-year-old woman with metastatic pulmonary nodules who died 2 months later. Pathologically and clinically confirmed malignant glomus tumors are exceedingly rare, especially those that arise in the visceral organs. The present case retained its architectural similarity to a benign glomus tumor and consisted of sheets of highly malignant round cells showing cytoplasmic positivity for smooth muscle actin. On reticulin histochemical staining, we found that reticulum fibrils surrounded individual tumor cells, suggesting cellular investment by basement membrane. We discuss the concept of malignant glomus tumors and emphasize the criteria that distinguish them from other malignant tumors.

scholarly journals Morphological Changes in the Cells of the Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas at Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
T. N. Sotnikova ◽  
G. R. Setdikova ◽  
O. V. Paklina ◽  
V. P. Shubin ◽  
M. V. Mnikhovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Pancreas

The aim of the research was to study the expression of marker genes for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.Material and methods. Surgical material from 44 patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was subjected to morphological analysis with molecular genetic research. Total RNA was detected in the detected sections of the anaplastic component using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Germany). 5 marker genes were used for molecular genetic studies of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT): ZEB1, ZEB2, CDH1, VIM, SNAIL1 (SLUG). Gene expression was measured in triplicate using an EvaGreen intercalating dye. On serial paraffin sections using tissue microarrays technology, immunohistochemical detection of p63, smooth muscle actin, total cytokeratin, cytokeratin 7, vimentin, E-cadherin (Ventana) was performed.Results. As a result of the study, a positive reaction with mesenchymal markers (vimentin, p63, smooth muscle actin) was detected in the cells of the anaplastic component, in contrast to the glandular component. In a molecular study of the anaplastic component, changes in gene expression were characterized as EMT-positive.Conclusion. The heterogeneity of ductal cancer is manifested in the appearance of an anaplastic (sarcomalike) component, in which the ability of epithelial tumor cells to acquire the property of mesenchymal cells that do not require stroma and have aggressive malignant potential that affects the survival of patients is traced.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix Scaffold for Cardiac Repair

Circulation ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 112 (9_supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Robinson ◽  
Jinshen Li ◽  
Megumi Mathison ◽  
Alka Redkar ◽  
Jianhua Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Foreign Body Response ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Scaffold

Background— Heart failure remains a significant problem. Tissue-engineered cardiac patches offer potential to treat severe heart failure. We studied an extracellular matrix scaffold for repairing the infarcted left ventricle. Methods and Results— Pigs (n=42) underwent left ventricular (LV) infarction. At 6 to 8 weeks, either 4-layer multilaminate urinary bladder-derived extracellular matrix or expanded polytetrafluoroethlyene (ePTFE) was implanted as full-thickness LV wall patch replacement. At 1-week, 1-month, or 3-month intervals, pigs were terminated. After macroscopic examination, samples of tissue were prepared for histology, immunocytochemistry, and analysis of cell proportions by flow cytometry. One-week and 1-month patches were intact with thrombus and inflammation; at 1 month, there was also tissue with spindle-shaped cells in proteoglycan-rich and collagenous matrix. More α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells were present in urinary bladder matrix (UBM) than in ePTFE (22.2±3.3% versus 8.4±2.7%; P =0.04). At 3 months, UBM was bioresorbed, and a collagen-rich vascularized tissue with numerous myofibroblasts was present. Isolated regions of α-sarcomeric actin-positive, intensely α-smooth muscle actin-immunopositive, and striated cells were observed. ePTFE at 3 months had foreign-body response with necrosis and calcification. Flow cytometry showed similarities of cells from UBM to normal myocardium, whereas ePTFE had limited cardiomyocyte markers. Conclusions— Appearance of a fibrocellular tissue that included contractile cells accompanied biodegradation of UBM when implanted as an LV-free wall infarction patch. UBM appears superior to synthetic material for cardiac patching and trends toward myocardial replacement at 3 months.

scholarly journals Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Paracecal Mesentery: Aggressive Behavior of a Rare Neoplasm at an Unusual Anatomic Site

Rare Tumors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khin Thway ◽  
Jonathan Noujaim ◽  
D. Michael Thomas ◽  
Cyril Fisher ◽  
Robin L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Rare Group

Myoepithelial tumors of the soft tissues represent a rare group of neoplasms that vary in their clinical behavior, pathologic features and genetics. They are histopathologically typified by a myoepithelial immunohistochemical phenotype, of expression of one or more epithelial markers, S100 protein and smooth muscle actin. Because of their rarity and occurrence over a wide age range and at a variety of anatomic sites, they can be difficult to diagnose due to the lack of familiarity by physicians, which is compounded by their spectrum of histologic features and morphologic overlap with several other neoplasms. Recent genetic insights have aided classification, and it is increasingly understood that soft tissue myoepithelial neoplasms can be stratified into two distinct morphologic and genetic subgroups. We describe a case of a 44-year-old man who was diagnosed with a primary myoepithelial neoplasm of the paracecal mesentery, which showed aggressive local recurrence after four years. The tumor was composed of cords of ovoid cells within chondromyxoid stroma, and displayed a characteristic pancytokeratin, S100 protein and smooth muscle actin-positive myoepithelial immunoprofile. Primary myoepithelioma has not been previously described at this site, and this case highlights this varied family of tumors, emphasizes the need to consider myoepithelial tumor in the differential diagnoses of carcinoma variants occurring in the bowel or mesentery, and also adds to the number of reported myoepithelial neoplasms showing markedly aggressive behavior.

Immunohistochemical Comparison of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor and Solitary Fibrous Tumor

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (10) ◽  
pp. 1189-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod B. Shidham ◽  
Mamatha Chivukula ◽  
Dilip Gupta ◽  
R. Nagarjun Rao ◽  
Richard Komorowski
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽  
Positive Immunoreactivity ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

Abstract Context.—The differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) may be a diagnostic challenging because of overlapping clinicopathologic features. Many studies have shown consistent immunoreactivity for CD117 (c-Kit) in GIST. However, only a few studies have evaluated CD117 expression in SFT, and these studies have used an antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. In non-GIST lesions, reactivity with this antibody has been shown to differ from that with a CD117 antibody from Dako Corporation. The immunoreactivity of SFT with the Dako CD117 antibody has not been reported. Conversely, CD99 is a marker for SFT, and its expression in GIST has not been evaluated. Objective.—To study the immunohistochemical profiles of GIST and SFT to evaluate their diagnostic overlap. Design.—We studied the immunoreactivity of 27 unequivocal GIST and 19 unequivocal extra-abdominal SFT for CD117, CD34, CD99, α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, CD31, S100 protein, and muscle-specific actin. All antibodies, including CD117, were from Dako Corporation. Results.—We found positive immunoreactivity for CD117 in 100% of GIST and none of SFT; for CD34 in 89% of GIST, and 100% of SFT; for CD99 in 89% of GIST and 100% of SFT; for α-smooth muscle actin in 48% of GIST and 31% of SFT; for vimentin in 89% of GIST and 90% of SFT; and for muscle-specific actin in 22% of GIST and none of SFT. None of the GIST or SFT showed immunoreactivity for CD31 and S100 protein. Conclusions.—The major difference between GIST and SFT was strong CD117 immunoexpression in all GIST and an absence of this expression in all SFT. With the exception of muscle-specific actin, the prevalence of immunoreactivity for the markers studied did not differ substantially between these 2 tumors. We conclude that GIST and SFT show distinctly divergent immunoprofiles with respect to CD117 and muscle-specific actin.

Omental Leiomyoma in a Male Adult Horse

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schaudien ◽  
J. M. V. Müller ◽  
W. Baumgärtner
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Multiple Cysts ◽  
Histology And Immunohistochemistry

A well-circumscribed mass 70 X 35 X 28 cm in size and 41 kg in weight was detected at necropsy in a male adult horse within the omentum major without any association to the gastrointestinal tract. The tumor consisted of multiple white-to-yellow lobules and displayed a firm consistency. In addition, multiple cysts filled with blood-like fluid, and multifocal areas of necrosis were observed. Histologically, the mass consisted of slightly pleomorphic spindloid-shaped cells arranged in interlacing bundles containing elongated nuclei with blunt ends. The majority of tumor cells revealed a positive immunoreaction for α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase and were negative for S-100, factor VIII-related antigen, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Few tumor cells showed expression of desmin and c-kit. On the basis of macroscopy, histology, and immunohistochemistry, an omental leiomyoma was diagnosed.

Best Practices in Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry: Spindle Cell Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
pp. 1370-1374
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Turner ◽  
Jeffrey D. Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
English Literature ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Spindle Cell Neoplasm ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors

Abstract Context.—The proper classification of spindle cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract frequently requires the use of immunohistochemistry, as the histologic appearance of these lesions often overlaps. Objective.—To review the antibodies used in the diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, and to outline an approach to the evaluation of these lesions by using immunohistochemistry. Data Sources.—The authors' experience and a review of the English literature from 1976 to 2008. Conclusions.—The most common spindle cell neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract is gastrointestinal stromal tumor; this lesion is readily diagnosed with c-kit immunohistochemistry in most cases. Other stains, such as smooth muscle actin, desmin, S100 protein, and β-catenin, are also useful in the diagnosis of smooth muscle tumors, schwannomas, desmoid-type fibromatoses, and metastatic melanoma.

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