scholarly journals Transfusion-Transmitted Babesiosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Villatoro ◽  
Julie Katz Karp
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Draft Guidance ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dna Pcr

Babesiosis is most commonly caused by Babesia microti and is transmitted via the bite of an infected Ixodes spp tick. However, Babesia is also transmitted via blood transfusion. In the United States, the first case of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis was recognized in 1979, and in recent years, the incidence has rapidly increased. Because most of the infected blood donors do not experience any symptoms, they pose a significant risk to the blood supply. Donor deferral for a history of babesiosis is currently performed but is ineffective. In March 2018, the FDA licensed a DNA PCR and antibody assay that were used in tandem in pivotal trials for screening blood donors for B microti; with other assays still being evaluated under investigational new drug protocols. Blood donation screening is essential to reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis, which is why blood centers collecting in geographic regions of highest risk have been testing since approximately 2010. Investigational NAT assays of higher sensitivity are pending FDA review. Further, in July 2018, the FDA issued a draft guidance for reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis. Release of the final guidance may be postponed until sensitivities and specificities of all current and potential strategies have been properly evaluated.

scholarly journals Estimation of Serum Ferritin Levels in Blood Donors and its Association with Frequency of Blood Donation and Blood Indices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita S Kumar ◽  
A Geetha ◽  
Jim Joe ◽  
Arun Mathew Chacko
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Previous History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Blood donation is one of the most significant contributions that a person can make towards the society. A donor generally donates maximum 450 mL of blood at the time of donation. If 450 mL of blood is taken in a donation, men lose 242±17 mg and women lose 217±11 mg of iron. Hence, adequate iron stores are very important in maintenance of the donor’s health. Aim: To assess the influence of frequency of blood donation on iron levels of blood donors by estimating Haemoglobin (Hb) and other blood indices which reflect iron status of blood and serum ferritin which reflects body iron stores. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study, conducted on 150 blood donors, 18-40 years of age presenting to the Blood Bank in Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India, between December 2016 to December 2017. Total of 150 donors were divided into four groups according to the number of donations per year. Group I were the first time donors with no previous history of blood donation, Group II- included those with history of donation once in the previous year, Group III- those donors with history of donation twice in the previous year and Group IV- those having history of donation thrice in the previous year. Six ml of whole blood collected from each donor, two ml was used for estimating Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hb (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in haematology analyser. Serum separated from remaining four mL of blood underwent ferritin analysis by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) method. Iron stores were considered normal at serum ferritin value from 23.9-336ng/mL in males and 11-307ng/mL in females. Statistical analysis was performed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Pearson correlation test were used to find association between various parameters and collected data. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was no significant correlation between serum ferritin level and frequency of blood donation. MCH, MCHC showed significant association (p-value 0.039 and 0.007, respectively) with frequency of blood donation. Low positive correlation was seen between Hb and PCV with serum ferritin levels (r=0.381, p-value <0.001 and r=0.354, p-value <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: There is no significant association between frequency of blood donation and serum ferritin levels.

scholarly journals Frequency of Hepatitis B Virus carrier by Detecting AntiHBc Antibody among HBsAg Negative Blood Donors

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Kashfia Islam ◽  
Mazharul Hoque ◽  
Samsun Nahar ◽  
Syed Dawood Md. Taimur ◽  
Zeenat Farzana Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Background & Objective: Transfusion associated hepatitis B virus (TAHBV) infection continues to be a major problem despite mandatory screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). This is because HBsAg is not detected during the window period of the infection. This study was designed to assess the frequency of anti HBc antibody among HBsAg negative donor and also to determine the demographic profile of healthy blood donors.Material & Method: This cross sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka during the period of May 2014 to April 2015. A total number of 100 consecutive healthy blood donors who were clinically and physically healthy and serologically found to be free from HBsAg, HCV and HIV by rapid chromographic test were included in this study.Results: Within the 100 patients among them history of jaundice was found in 17(17.0%). There all (100.0%) subjects had negative HBsAg and 14(14.0%) subjects had positive anti HBc-Ab. Anti HBc-Ab was statistically significant (p<0.001) in Z-test.Conclusion: This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of anti HBc antibody among healthy blood donors with HBsAg negative in rapid chromatography method. The prevalence of anti HBc antibody was about 14 (14.0%) among 100 HBsAg negative blood donors. History of blood donation was found in almost two third 65 (65.0%). So, anti HBc antibody screening is an useful tool for estimating the risk of transfusion transmitted HBV infection.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.66-69

scholarly journals No Bull: A Case of Alpha-Gal Syndrome Associated With Buffalo Meat Sensitivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 215265671989336
Author(s):  
Marija Rowane ◽  
Reimus Valencia ◽  
Benjamin Stewart-Bates ◽  
Jason Casselman ◽  
Robert Hostoffer
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tick Saliva ◽  
Buffalo Meat ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Case ◽  
Delayed Anaphylaxis ◽  
History Of

Introduction Alpha (⍺)-gal syndrome (AGS) is an immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody response against the glycoprotein carbohydrate galactose-⍺-1,3-galactose-β-1-(3)4-N-acetylglucosamine-R (Gal⍺-1,3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R or ⍺-gal) that is present in Ixodida (tick) saliva and noncatarrhine mammals as well as cetuximab, antivenom, and the zoster vaccine. The most frequently observed anaphylactic reactions in AGS are observed after beef, pork, lamb, and deer meat consumption. We present the first case of anaphylaxis to buffalo meat. Case Report A 55-year-old man presented with a history of recurrent urticaria that only developed approximately 7 hours after buffalo consumption. The patient denied history of Ixodidae bites but admitted to frequent hiking outdoors. Anti-⍺-1,3-gal IgE was positive (30.80 kU/L). The patient was advised to strictly avoid red meat. Discussion The prevalence of AGS has been increased in all continents in the past decade, and several Ixodidae species have been associated with this hypersensitivity. The list of IgE-mediated reactions to various types of meat has expanded to kangaroo, whale, seal, and crocodile, although these have not been associated with AGS. van Nunen only cautioned against consumption of exotic meats, such as buffalo, but no published case report describes AGS associated with anaphylaxis to this type of meat. Conclusion AGS is a mammalian meat allergy that has been increasingly prevalent worldwide, especially in Ixodidae endemic regions of Australia and the United States. Multiple AGS case reports published in the past decade demonstrate rapidly increasing understanding of underlying mechanisms provoking ongoing sensitization to help devise management strategies and dietary information. We offer the first case report of delayed anaphylaxis to buffalo meat.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profiles of Foreign-Born and US-Born Hispanic Blood Donors in a Major Metropolitan Area in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelbert B. James ◽  
Cassandra D. Josephson ◽  
Marta I. Castillejo ◽  
George B. Schreiber ◽  
John D. Roback
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Metropolitan Area ◽  
The Us ◽  
Donated Blood

Background. The explosive growth of Hispanics in the US makes this population a significant and untapped source for blood donation. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate blood donation behaviors and demographics of foreign-born and US-born Hispanic donors between 2006 and 2009 in metropolitan Atlanta, GA, USA. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with foreign-born donors. Results. 5,119 foreign-born and 11,841 US-born Hispanics donated blood. Foreign-born Hispanic donors were more likely than US-born donors to be blood group O (57.6% versus 52.0%; P<.001) and more frequent donors (2.2 versus 2.0; P<.001). Cuban-born donors had the highest rates of return donation (63.2%). In contrast, Mexicans, the most prevalent subpopulation among foreign-born Hispanic donors (31.8%), had the lowest rates of return donation (42.0%). Conclusions. The heterogeneity found among Hispanic donors in this study is valuable for the design of recruitment strategies to increase blood donations.

scholarly journals Study of blood donor complications after whole blood donation in our center

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Garima Vijayvergiya ◽  
Parag Fulzele ◽  
Naveen Vairyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Delivery System ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Despite the advent of many synthetic and semi-synthetic products, the importance of biological blood products cannot be undermined in the current era. The blood donors are the backbone of any health care delivery system that has a well-organized blood transfusion service.Methods: A prospective study conducted for the period of 16 months aimed to find out various complications and their frequencies before, during or after the blood donations. The donors who developed any complications were followed up for at least three weeks to assess the late reactions if any. Blood donation was carried out with proper precautions and asepsis by experienced phlebotomists.Results: Out of 10346 blood donations, 9887 were from replacement donors, while 459 were from voluntary donors. Total donation associated complications were 113, out of which the majority were VVRs (n=74), followed by venous hematomas (n=34) and arterial punctures (n=5). Of the 74 donors who had a VVR after blood donation, the incidence was higher in females (1.64% versus 0.69%). A higher incidence of VVRs was seen among the donors who had a history of previous blood donation.Conclusions: This study strengthened the fact that though blood donation is relatively safe, it still has a complication rate of nearly 1%. To encourage for blood donation at a regular interval, all the possible steps should be taken to minimize the rate of complications. More medical attention should be given to the “at-risk” donors.

scholarly journals Preventing Transfusion-Transmitted Babesiosis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Evan M. Bloch ◽  
Peter J. Krause ◽  
Laura Tonnetti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
The Us ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Human Babesiosis

Babesia are tick-borne intra-erythrocytic parasites and the causative agents of babesiosis. Babesia, which are readily transfusion transmissible, gained recognition as a major risk to the blood supply, particularly in the United States (US), where Babesia microti is endemic. Many of those infected with Babesia remain asymptomatic and parasitemia may persist for months or even years following infection, such that seemingly healthy blood donors are unaware of their infection. By contrast, transfusion recipients are at high risk of severe babesiosis, accounting for the high morbidity and mortality (~19%) observed in transfusion-transmitted babesiosis (TTB). An increase in cases of tick-borne babesiosis and TTB prompted over a decade-long investment in blood donor surveillance, research, and assay development to quantify and contend with TTB. This culminated in the adoption of regional blood donor testing in the US. We describe the evolution of the response to TTB in the US and offer some insight into the risk of TTB in other countries. Not only has this response advanced blood safety, it has accelerated the development of novel serological and molecular assays that may be applied broadly, affording insight into the global epidemiology and immunopathogenesis of human babesiosis.

scholarly journals Psychoanaliza i patriarchalizm. Uwagi na temat emancypacyjnego przesłania teorii Freuda w kontekście dziejów psychoanalizy w Polsce 1900–1939

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-414
Author(s):  
Paweł Dybel
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Developed Countries

Psychoanalysis and patriarchalism. Comments on the emancipation claim of Freud’s theory within the history of psychoanalysis in Poland 1900–1939: The article is a polemic with how Eli Zaretsky captures the role of Freud’s psychoanalysis in transforming the self-knowledge of modern societies in his Secrets of the soul. According to Zaretsky, in Central European countries, Poland included, psychoanalysis then served in the democratization of social life and led to the destruction of the patriarchal order; while in Western countries it became medicated, becoming a tool of social control. The author considers both of these claims to be problematic. In the first case, this is due to the limited social impact of Freud’s theory until 1939, in the second, basing this theory on patients’ personal unconscious, it supported their release from the influence of tradition and served them in making free life decisions. This was because in the period up to 1939, in the countries of Central Europe, the second industrial revolution was not as advanced as in the developed countries of Western Europe and the United States. So only in these last countries has psychoanalysis become socially popular and one has witnessed the dynamic development of the psychoanalytic movement.

scholarly journals Captação de doadores e doação de sangue: discursos históricos

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2766
Author(s):  
Luciana Martins da Rosa ◽  
Rosane Suely May Rodrigues ◽  
Rosane Gonçalves Nitschke ◽  
Rafaela Dutra Nunes da Silva ◽  
Jussara Cargnin Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Donor Recruitment

RESUMO Objetivo: revelar o discurso do sujeito coletivo sobre a história da captação de doadores e da doação de sangue. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, transcritas e validadas, com 18 profissionais atuantes nas áreas de hematologia e hemoterapia. Organizaram-se as comunicações e as analisaram pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: emergiram-se a partir dos discursos duas ideias centrais “Captação de doadores de sangue: da doação remunerada à espontânea” e “Informação e educação transformando a cultura da doação”. Conclusão: tornaram-se a tônica da captação de doadores a informação e a educação no recorte de tempo investigado, contribuindo para a transformação da cultura da doação de sangue. Descritores: História; Serviço de Hemoterapia; Saúde; Atividades Cotidianas; Doadores de Sangue; Discursos.ABSTRACTObjective: to reveal the discourse of the collective subject on the history of donor recruitment and blood donation. Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, using semi-structured, transcribed and validated interviews, with 18 professionals working in the areas of hematology and hemotherapy. The communications were organized and analyzed by the technique of the Discourse of the Collective Subject. Results: two central ideas emerged from the discourses: "Funding of blood donors: from donated to spontaneous donation" and "Information and education transforming the culture of donation". Conclusion: the focus of donor recruitment has been on information and education in the time cut investigated, contributing to the transformation of blood donation culture. Descriptors: History; Hemotherapy Service; Health; Activities of Daily Living; Blood Donors; Addresses.RESUMENObjetivo: revelar el discurso del sujeto colectivo sobre la historia de la captación de donantes y de la donación de sangre. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, transcritas y validadas, con 18 profesionales actuantes en las áreas de hematología y hemoterapia. Se organizaron las comunicaciones y las analizaron por la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: surgieron a partir de los discursos dos ideas centrales "Captación de donantes de sangre: de la donación remunerada a la espontánea" e "Información y educación transformando la cultura de la donación". Conclusión: se convirtió en la tónica de la captación de donantes a la información y la educación en el recorte de tiempo investigado, contribuyendo a la transformación de la cultura de la donación de sangre. Descriptores: Historia; Servicio de Hemoterapia; Salud; Actividades Cotidianas; Donantes de Sangue; Discursos.

scholarly journals Lightning strike: a first case of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timucin Alar ◽  
Yildiz Degirmenci ◽  
Handan Isin Ozisik Karaman
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Diaphragmatic Paralysis ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrophysiological Findings ◽  
Lightning Injury

Lightning injury is the second most common cause of weather-related deaths in the United States. Despite the several neurological complications such as polyneuropathy, myelopathy, spinal cord injury, motor neuron disease due to the lightning-induced injury, there is no documented case of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. We describe the case of a patient with a history of lightning strike at childhood period, prior the onset of isolated, diaphragmatic paralysis, unilaterally. Clinical and electrophysiological findings suggest an injury restricted to the phrenic nerve, unilaterally.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of IgG Anti-SARS-CoV-2 among Voluntary Blood Donors in Dubai: Demographic and Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
May Raouf ◽  
Mariem Rabeh ◽  
Suminder Kaur ◽  
Ranjita Sharma ◽  
Nimmy Thottumkal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Site Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

<b><i>Background and Objectives:</i></b> During the pandemic of CO­VID-19, additional blood donor eligibility criteria have been added to ensure safety of donors and donations. The aim of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in eligible donors and to study the demography and lifestyle of asymptomatic cases. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> One thousand four hundred eighteen eligible donors were enrolled in this study in the Dubai Blood Donation Center from August to December 2020. Blood samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibody. Donors’ demographic characteristics and lifestyle were studied further. The χ<sup>2</sup> test was used to analyze the data association. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 88.4% of the studied group were males, 85% were from age 17 to 45 years, and 53% were regular donors. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody was 13.5% and significantly related to gender, frequency of donation, collection site, type of donation, and more frequent when donors shared transport and accommodation. Blood group and age had no significant association. 5.5% were found to have cough/fever or a history of contact with positive COVID-19 patients. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody was 13.5% among eligible blood donors, and hence the current eligibility criteria allow asymptomatic COVID-19 patients to donate blood. The seroprevalence was seen more in first time donors, suggesting that regular blood donors are safer. Additional risk factors related to lifestyle can be identified to ensure safety of transfusion during COVID-19 pandemic.

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