Influence of water deficit and genotype on photosynthetic activity, dry mass partitioning and grain yield changes of winter wheat

In this article, the reaction of winter wheat varieties to fertilizers in irrigated soils in the varietal-soil-fertilizer system was studied and a feeding system was developed and recommended for each soil-climatic conditions and varieties. Appropriate fertilizer standards have been developed for each wheat variety, which have increased the germination, weeding, accumulation, tuberization, spike formation, dry mass accumulation, grain quality, and yield structure and yield of winter wheat. N250P200K200 kg/ha was obtained from Polovchanka variety of winter wheat at the rate of N250P200K200 kg/ha used in irrigated brown meadow soils, while in typical irrigated gray soils the yield of winter wheat was higher than N250P200K200 kg/ha of pure wheat with N250P200K200 kg/ha. Grain yield was 80.18 tons/ha from Tanya variety, 76.38 tons/ha from Krasnodar-99 variety and 82.32 tons/ha from Polovchanka variety under N200P150K150 kg/ha. Under the influence of the same optimal fertilizer standards, the growth and development of winter wheat, nutrient accumulation, and grain yield and grain quality are improved, and the efficiency of fertilizers is increased.

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Yield and partitioning in crops of contrasting cultivars of winter wheat in response to CO2 and temperature in field studies using temperature gradient tunnels

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859697005017 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 130 (1) ◽

pp. 17-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

G. R. BATTS ◽

R. H. ELLIS ◽

J. I. L. MORISON ◽

P. N. NKEMKA ◽

P. J. GREGORY ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temperature Gradient ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Field Studies ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

The Impact

Diverse cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in the field in 1993/94 and 1994/95 at Reading UK in temperature gradient tunnels at normal atmospheric (c. 370) or elevated CO2 concentration (c. 700 μmol CO2 mol−1 air). In 1993/94, grain yield of cv. Avalon was insensitive to mean temperature (between 8·8 and 10·9°C), while elevated CO2 increased yield by 1·3 t ha−1 (12·6%). In all other cultivars, warming reduced grain yield and CO2 increased grain yield. In 1993/94, in cvs Galahad and Mercia the effects of CO2 and temperature on yield were additive. However, for cv. Hereward in both years and for cv. Soissons in 1994/95, there were negative interactions between the effects of CO2 and temperature on yield: the maximum benefit of doubling CO2 to grain yield, 4·5 and 2·7 t ha−1 (65 and 29%) respectively, occurred at cooler temperatures; there was no benefit from doubling CO2 (i.e. 0%) once the temperature had increased above the seasonal mean by 2·2–2·6°C in cv. Hereward and by 1·3°C in cv. Soissons. The beneficial effect of doubling CO2 on grain yield in cvs Galahad, Hereward, Mercia and Soissons was negated by an increase in mean seasonal temperature of only 0·7–2·0°C. Warming decreased root dry mass at anthesis in 1994/95 while it increased at elevated CO2 (49 and 186%, coolest and warmest regime, respectively). Carbon partitioned to roots declined progressively with warming, while at elevated CO2 there was an average of 56% increase in allocation to roots. The relative impacts of both CO2 and temperature were greater on root dry mass than on either grain yield or total above-ground biomass, while the effects on grain and biomass yield varied considerably between cultivars, suggesting that the impact of rising CO2 and temperature are likely to be dependent on cultivar.

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Effects of water stress on photosynthetic activity, dry mass partitioning and some associated metabolic changes in four provenances of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)

Photosynthetica ◽

10.1007/s11099-010-0047-y ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 361-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Y. X. Zheng ◽

J. C. Wu ◽

F. L. Cao ◽

Y. P. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Metabolic Changes ◽

Dry Mass Partitioning

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Fluorescence and Growth of Eggplant under Irrigation Levels and Silicon Doses

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v36i430240 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Reynaldo Teodoro de Fatima ◽

Jackson Silva Nobrega ◽

Daniel De Almeida Carreiro ◽

Amaralina Celoto Guerrero ◽

Adriana Silva Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Yield ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Irrigation Level ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Irrigation Levels ◽

Mass Accumulation

Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the fluorescence and growth of eggplant under influence of water deficit and silicon doses. Study Design: The design was a randomized complete block design, in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications and one plant per plot, totaling 40 experimental units. Length and Place of Study: The research was implemented between September and November 2016, in a greenhouse of the Center of Science and Technology Agrifood, at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG / CCTA), Campus of Pombal-PB, Brazil. Methods: Doses of 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 mg L-1 of silicon and the irrigation slides of 50 and 100% of real evapotranspiration - ETr were used, which were obtained by weighing the pots daily in order to keep the weight close to the field capacity. Results: The use of 50% level of the ETr provides reductions of 5.58; 7.92 and 6.84% of fluorescence in the initial, maximum and quantum yield of the photosystem. The fresh and dry mass of the stem presented the maximum productivity (140.8 and 48.1 g) in the plants irrigated with 100% Etr and treated with doses of 106 and 110 mg L-1 of Si. Conclusion: The fluorescence and biomass of the eggplant plants is reduced with the decrease in irrigation level; while the application of silicon does not result in increment in the fluorescence and dry mass of the leaf. The 100% irrigation level of the ETr associated with the application of 108 mg L-1 of silicon resulted in the best results in stem mass accumulation.

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