scholarly journals Fluorescence and Growth of Eggplant under Irrigation Levels and Silicon Doses

Author(s):  
Reynaldo Teodoro de Fatima ◽  
Jackson Silva Nobrega ◽  
Daniel De Almeida Carreiro ◽  
Amaralina Celoto Guerrero ◽  
Adriana Silva Lima ◽  
...  

Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the fluorescence and growth of eggplant under influence of water deficit and silicon doses. Study Design: The design was a randomized complete block design, in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications and one plant per plot, totaling 40 experimental units. Length and Place of Study: The research was implemented between September and November 2016, in a greenhouse of the Center of Science and Technology Agrifood, at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG / CCTA), Campus of Pombal-PB, Brazil. Methods: Doses of 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 mg L-1 of silicon and the irrigation slides of 50 and 100% of real evapotranspiration - ETr were used, which were obtained by weighing the pots daily in order to keep the weight close to the field capacity. Results: The use of 50% level of the ETr provides reductions of 5.58; 7.92 and 6.84% of fluorescence in the initial, maximum and quantum yield of the photosystem. The fresh and dry mass of the stem presented the maximum productivity (140.8 and 48.1 g) in the plants irrigated with 100% Etr and treated with doses of 106 and 110 mg L-1 of Si. Conclusion: The fluorescence and biomass of the eggplant plants is reduced with the decrease in irrigation level; while the application of silicon does not result in increment in the fluorescence and dry mass of the leaf. The 100% irrigation level of the ETr associated with the application of 108 mg L-1 of silicon resulted in the best results in stem mass accumulation.

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Esmailpour ◽  
Ali GHERANPAYE

<p>Water-deficit stress is the most important environmental factors limiting plant growth, and production. Nano-titanium dioxide (nano anataseTiO<sub>2</sub>) can have various profound effects on the crop physiological, biochemical and morphological characteristics. In the present research, the influences of different concentrations ofTiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) (0, 10 and 40 ppm) and water-deficit stress on Dragonhead (<em>Dracocephalum moldavica</em> L.) were investigated in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that under normal irrigation, foliar application of 10 ppm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs increased plant shoot dry mass and essential oils content. Under water-deficit stress condition, plants treated with 10 ppm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs had more proline and much less H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde content as compared to untreated plants. Therefore, it can be concluded that proper concentration of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs probably can be used as an exogenous stimuli for improvement of shoot growth and essential oil content in plants. Furthermore, water-deficit stress-induced damages such as oxidative stress and membrane damage can be ameliorated by foliar application of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs at appropriate concentrations.</p>


2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nio Song Ai

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh cekaman kekeringan terhadap biomassa dan kandungan klorofil total daun pada jahe (Zingiber officinale L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 2 perlakuan dalam 3 ulangan. Tanaman jahe dengan 5 helai daun yang ditanam dalam polybag disirami sampai kapasitas lapang (kontrol) dan tidak disirami (kekeringan) selama 7 hari. Biomassa dan kandungan klorofil total daun diukur sebelum perlakuan kekeringan dimulai (hari ke-0) dan 7 hari setelah perlakuan kekeringan (hari ke-7). Pertambahan biomassa daun pada tanaman jahe kontrol 54% lebih besar daripada tanaman jahe yang mengalami kekeringan selama7 hari. Kekeringan selama 7 hari menurunkan kandungan klorofil total daun jahe. BIOMASS AND CONCENTRATION OF TOTAL CHLOROPHYLL ON GINGER (Zingiber Officinale L.) LEAF UNDER WATER DEFICITABSTRACTThe effect of water deficit on biomass and concentration of total chlorophyll was studied on ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) leaf. The experiment consisted of 1 cultivars grown in 2 water regimes, with 3 replicates, in a randomized complete block design. The two water regimes were well-watered (watered until field capacity) and water deficit obtained by withholding water on 5-leaf-ginger plants during 7 days. Biomass and concentration of total chlorophyll on ginger leaf were measured before water deficit treatment commenced (day 0) and 7 days after water deficit treatment (day 7). The increase of leaf biomass in control plants was 54% higher than in water-deficit plants and leaf total chlorophyll decreased 8% after 7-day-water-deficit.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2148-2155
Author(s):  
PETER VERA ◽  
◽  
MARCIA ASTORGA-ELÓ ◽  
ROLORD SEVERE ◽  
LAURA MORANTE ◽  
...  

Water is one of the main factors that influence the growth and development of plants. Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) is a fast-growing tropical tree species with a great demand in the international market. The influence of soil, water deficit on morphological, physiological, and the growth of Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) with and without irrigation was investigated. For this study, four random repetitions were carried out in a randomized complete block design. The plants were irrigated regularly with furrow irrigation. The timing of irrigation was based on the soil, water potential, according to treatment criteria. All pots were irrigated at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days. Genomic DNA of O. Pyramidale was identified by ERIC-PCR and RAPD, while phylogenetic tree was determined using the UPGMA method. The results showed that leave number, shoot number, stem elongation and stem diameter were affected significantly (P 0.05) were observed, while stomata length remained high (> 20 µm) and stomata diameter was decreased during evaluation days in plants without irrigation compared to control. DNA of eight plants isolated showed different band profiles. In conclusion, the parameters evaluated can be used as a measure of water stress, growers should be careful when using O. Pyramidale in both nursery and orchards where water scarcity is present.


Author(s):  
Paulo Cássio Alves Linhares ◽  
Josimar Nogueora da Silva ◽  
Janailson Pereira de Figueredo ◽  
Toni Halan da Silva Irineu ◽  
Raimundo Andrade

<p>O feijão-caupi responde bem à adubação orgânica, aumentando sua produtividade quando o solo é adubado com estercos de animais, compostos orgânicos, húmus de minhoca e biofertilizante. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o acúmulo de massa seca do feijão-caupi em função de diferentes quantidades de húmus de minhoca incorporadas ao solo e biofertilizantes orgânicos nas condições do semiárido nordestino. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, na Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, em delineamento experimental em blocos completos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com 5 repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu a quatro quantidades de húmus de minhoca incorporadas ao solo (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 kg m<sup>-1</sup>) e o segundo fator, duas adubações via foliar na forma líquida (biofertilizante comum e húmus de minhoca). Avaliaram-se os rendimentos de massa seca da: folha, caule, raiz, parte aera, total e da relação parte/aérea. Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores tratamentos testados para nenhuma das características avaliadas. O maior acúmulo de massa seca do feijão-caupi foi registrado com a incorporação ao solo de 0,14 Kg m<sup>-1</sup> de húmus de minhoca. Em termos de valores absolutos, o biofertilizante comum proporcionou maior massa seca do feijão-caupi.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Dry matter accumulation in cowpea under organic fertilization</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Cowpea responds well to organic fertilization, increasing its productivity when the soil is fertilized with animal manures, organic compounds, earthworm humus and biofertilizer. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the dry mass accumulation of cowpea as a function of different amounts of earthworm humus incorporated in the soil and organic biofertilizers under the conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, at Universidade Estaudal da Paraíba, in a randomized complete block design, in the 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with 5 replications. The first factor corresponded to four quantities of earthworm humus (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg m<sup>-1</sup>) and the second factor, two leaf fertilization in the liquid form (common biofertilizer and earthworm humus). The dry mass yields of leaf, stem, root, aera, total and part/air ratio were evaluated. There was no significant interaction between the factors treatments tested for any of the characteristics evaluated. The highest dry mass accumulation of cowpea was recorded with soil incorporation of 0.14 kg m<sup>-1</sup> of worm humus. In terms of absolute values, the common biofertilizer provided a higher dry mass of cowpea.</p>


Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Rômulo Uchôa Bezerra ◽  
Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
João Valdenor Pereira Filho ◽  
Alan Diniz Lima

PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DA ABÓBORA MARANHÃO SOB INFLUÊNCIA DE LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO   RÔMULO UCHÔA BEZERRA1; THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA2; BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO2; JOÃO VALDENOR PEREIRA FILHO3 E ALAN DINIZ LIMA4   1Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - DENA, Universidade Federal do Ceará – Campus do Pici – CE, Avenida Mister Hull, s/n, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]; 2 Professores do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal do Ceará – Campus do Pici – CE, Avenida Mister Hull, s/n, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected]; 3 Professor do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Agronômica da Universidade Estadual do Piauí – Campus Cerrado do Alto Parnaíba – PI, Rua Almir Benvindo, s/n, Bairro Aeroporto, CEP: 64860-000, Uruçuí, Piauí, Brasil, [email protected]; 4 Professor do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental da Faculdade Terra Nordeste – FATENE – CE, Rua Coronel Correia, 1119, Centro, CEP 61600-000, Caucaia, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   A cultura da abóbora vem se destacando no cenário mundial devido a crescente preocupação com a questão do desafio alimentar e sua característica de produção associada a pequenas propriedades. São escassas as informações na literatura acerca das respostas da abóbora ao manejo da irrigação associada a adubação nitrogenada. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o desempenho produtivo (número, massa fresca, massa seca e produtividade) e os parâmetros de qualidade (diâmetro, comprimento, espessura da polpa e °Brix dos frutos) da cultura da abóbora sob lâminas de irrigação associadas a doses de adubo nitrogenado. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas, onde nas parcelas estavam inseridas o fator doses de nitrogênio (50; 70; 100; 125% kg de N ha-1) e nas subparcelas as lâminas de irrigação (50; 75; 100; 125% da evaporação medida no tanque classe A - ‘ECA’) com quatro repetições. A pesquisa foi conduzida em campo na área experimental da Estação Meteorológica pertencente a Universidade Federal do Ceará. A produtividade máxima alcançada foi de 4269,6 kg ha-1 obtido com a combinação da lâmina de água de 444,10 mm (122,5% da ECA) e do nível de nitrogênio de 33,65 kg ha-1 de N (112,16 % do recomendado de N).   Palavras-chave: jerimum de leite, adubação, manejo da irrigação.     BEZERRA, R. U.; VIANA, T. V. de A.; AZEVEDO, B. M. de; PEREIRA FILHO, J. V.; LIMA, A. D. PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF MARANHÃO PUMPKIN UNDER INFLUENCE OF WATER DEPTHS AND NITROGEN DOSES     2 ABSTRACT   The pumpkin crop is becoming outstanding in  the world scenario due to growing concern with the issue of food challenge and its production characteristic associated with small properties. There is little information in the literature about pumpkin responses to irrigation management associated with nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this work was to evaluate productive performance (number, fresh weight, dry weight and productivity) and quality parameters (diameter, length, pulp thickness and ° Brix of the fruits) of pumpkin culture under irrigation levels associated with doses of nitrogen fertilizer. A randomized complete block design was used in subdivided plots, where the nitrogen dose factor (50; 70; 100; 125% kg of N ha-1) was inserted in the plots and in the subplots, irrigation depths  (50; 75; 100; 125% of evaporation measured in tank class A - 'ECA') with four replicates. The research was conducted in the experimental area of the Meteorological Station belonging to the Federal University of Ceará. The maximum productivity reached was 4269.6 kg ha-1 obtained with the combination of water blade of 444.10 mm (122.5% of ECA) and nitrogen level of 33.65 kg ha-1 of N (112.16% of the recommended N).   Keywords: milk jerimum, fertilization, irrigation management.


2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Marchi ◽  
D. Martins ◽  
N.V. Costa ◽  
J.R.V. Silva

This trial aimed to evaluate the effect of sequential applications of different plant regulators over growth and flower rachis emission of 'Meyer' zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). The study was conducted on 15-month old green turfgrass under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The following plant regulator and doses were tested: trinexapac-ethyl (113+113, 226+113, 226+226, 452+113, 452+226, 452+452, 678+339 e 904+452 g a.i./ha-1), prohexadione-calcium (100+100 e 200+200 g a.i. ha-1) and bispyribac-sodium (40+40 e 60+60 g a.i. ha-1), as well as an untreated control. The turfgrass was mowed again at 3.0 cm aboveground and the second plant regulator was applied when 'Meyer' zoysiagrass was between 5.0 and 6.0 cm high. The effect of the treatments was visually rated for visual injury, plant height, height and number of flower rachis, and total dry mass production of clippings. Only bispyribac-sodium had visual symptoms of injury on 'Meyer' zoysiagrass, and no intoxication was observed at 28 days after the second application (DAAB). The sequential applications of trinexapac-ethyl, prohexadione-calcium and bispyribac-sodium reduced by more than 80% the total clipping dry mass produced by 'Meyer' zoysiagrass. All the plant regulators tested also showed promising results in reducing the height and emission of rachis, especially when trinexapac-ethyl was applied at the doses 452+452, 678+339 and 904+452 g a.i. ha-1. 'Meyer' zoysiagrass turfgrass can be handled with the sequential application of a plant regulator, which reduces the need for mowing over a period up to 110 days after the application of the second plant regulator, and it also avoids deleterious visual effects over turfgrass.


2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jeliazkova and D. Percival

To evaluate the influence of water exclusion on the mycorrhizal coloni zations in wild blueberry, and to examine the spatial distribution of mycorrhizae among roots of wild blueberry plants that were in both the vegetative and cropping stages of production, a randomized complete block design was used. The mycorrhizal coloniz a tions were equally distributed throughout upper and lower soil profiles in both stages of production. Nevertheless, soil moisture levels in water exclusion treatments were as much as 50% lower than the control, drought stress had no effect on mycorrhizal colonization levels or on any other of the measured responses. Root weight and volume decreased as soil depth increased from 0-7.5 to 7.5-15 cm. Key words:


2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
ST Islam ◽  
MZ Haque ◽  
MM Hasan ◽  
ABMMM Khan ◽  
UK Shanta

An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali under the Agro-ecological zone-13 (AEZ-13) during the period from November 2012 to February 2013. The aim of the study was to identify the most effective irrigation level for obtaining the better growth and higher yield performance of BARI Gom-25 that are suitable to cultivate under  coastal region of Patuakhali, Bangladesh. So, the present study was consists of five irrigations levels including control viz. control or no irrigation (T0), one irrigation at 25 DAS (T1), two irrigations at 25 and 40 DAS (T2), three irrigations at 25, 40 and 55 DAS (T3)  and four irrigations at 25, 40, 55 and 70 DAS (T4). The seeds of BARI Gom-25 were collected from the BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur on 22 November, 2012. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design (RCBD) with four replications and analysis was done by the MSTAT-C package program where means were separated by DMRT at 5% level of probability. Data were recorded on various growth and yield attributing traits. The plot size was 5 m2 (2.5 × 2.0 m) where row to row and seed to seed distances were 20 and 10 cm respectively. Data were collected on various morpho-physiological growth, yield and yield attributing traits. Results obtained from the present study, whole characters of the study were significant at 5% by the moisture (irrigation) levels where three irrigations given at 25, 40 and 55 DAS had most effective than that of other moisture levels and no irrigation. From the results investigation, it was found that the tallest plant (76.86 cm), maximum requiring days to anthesis (61.00 days), maturity (109.0 days) and maximum number of effective tillers (5.00 hill-1),the highest grain growth (3.11g at 36 DAA) and grains (44.00 spike-1) were obtained with three irrigation (T3) levels. Similarly, T3 further showed the greater performance on spike length (17.28 cm), 1000-seed weight (50.16 g), grain (4.16 t ha-1), straw (5.89 t ha-1) and biological yield (10.05 t ha-1) as well as the higher harvest index (41.39%). Investigated above whole characters were produced lower performances under no moisture (irrigation) treatments. These results indicated that irrigation at three times (T3) would be most advantageous irrigation levels for wheat production under the studied non saline ecosystem of coastal region.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 99-106, 2018


Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Kassio Ewerton Santos Sombra ◽  
Andreza Cristina Chagas de Oliveira ◽  
Ronyce Do Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Caique Costa e Silva ◽  
Cleilson Do Nascimento Uchôa ◽  
...  

O trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do excesso de ferro sobre a emergência e desenvolvimento inicial de genótipos de porta-enxertos cítricos. Adotou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), em fatorial 5x2, com cinco porta-enxertos e dois substratos, repetidos quatro vezes, com parcela útil de 15 recipientes. Os genótipos consistiram do limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’; citrandarins ‘Riverside’, ‘San Diego’ e ‘Índio’, além de, tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’, cultivados com ou sem óxido de ferro no substrato. Analisaram-se as porcentagens de emergência (PE) e calculou-se o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Realizaram-se biometrias aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após a semeadura (DAS), mensurando-se a altura (H) e diâmetro de caule (D) das plântulas, determinando-se massa fresca (MV) e seca (MS). O excesso de ferro induziu subdesenvolvimento, e até mortalidade de plântulas já emergidas, o que refletiu diretamente nos resultados, porém, todos os genótipos apresentaram emergência superior a 75%, destacando-se o citrandarin ‘San Diego’, com maior altura e caule mais espesso, e o citrandarin ‘Riverside’ com maior sensibilidade ao estresse, registrando os menores valores. O citrandarin ’San Diego’ demonstrou tolerância o estresse e desenvolveu-se satisfatoriamente, necessitando estudos que avaliem a manutenção das características inferidas em combinação com a cultivar copa.Palavras-chave: ambiente protegido, citricultura, enxertia, estresse, mudas. EXCESS OF IRON ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was evaluated the effects of iron excess on the emergence and initial development of citrus rootstock genotypes. A randomized complete block design (DBC), factorial 5x2, with five rootstocks and two substrates, repeated four times, with useful plot of 15 containers was adopted. Genotypes consisted of the 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lemon; 'Riverside', 'San Diego' and 'Indio' citrandarins, as well as 'Sunki Tropical' tangerine, grown with or without iron excess in substrate. The percentages of emergency (PE) were analyzed and the rate of emergency (IVE) was calculated. Biometry was performed at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS), by measuring the height (H) and stem diameter (D) of the seedlings, determining fresh (MV) and dry mass (DM). The excess of iron induced underdevelopment, and even mortality of already emerged seedlings, which reflected directly in the results, however, all genotypes presented an emergency higher to 75%, standing out ’San Diego’ citrandarin, with greater height and more stem thick, and the ‘Riverside’ citrandarin with greater sensitivity to stress, registering the lowest values. 'San Diego’ citrandarin demonstrated stress tolerance and developed satisfactorily, requiring studies that evaluate maintenance of inferred characteristics in combination with cultivar canopy.Keywords: protected environment, citriculture, grafting, stress, seedlings.


Bragantia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
José Valcir Fidelis Martins

Determination of competitive relationships among plant species requires appropriate experimental designs and method of analysis. The hypothesis of this research was that two species growing in coexistence show different growth and development due to their relative competitiveness. This research aims to measure the relative competitiveness of wheat crop compared to Alexandergrass by the interpretation of plant density and proportional effects using replacement series experiments. Monocultures were cultivated in densities of 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 plants per pot and analyzed by regression of dry mass data. Mixture experiment was cultivated in wheat:Alexandergrass proportions of 0:6, 1:5, 2:4, 3:3, 4:2, 5:1 and 6:0 plants per pot and analyzed by graphical interpretation of growth and production characteristics. Both experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Alexandergrass was more sensitive to intraspecific competition than wheat. Alexandergrass was lightly more competitive than wheat. Number and weight of spikes and number of tillers were the wheat characteristics more affected by Alexandergrass interference.


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